A&P Chapter 6 - Integumentary System
third degree burn
a burn involving all layers of the skin; characterized by the destruction of the epidermis and dermis, with damage or destruction of subcutaneous tissue
dermal papillae
a fingerlike projection of the dermis that may contain blood capillaries or Meissner corpuscles (of touch) produce the fingerprint!
stratum lucidum
a layer of the epidermis found only in the thick skin of the fingers, palms, and soles
Stratum granulosum
a layer of the epidermis that marks the transition between the deeper, metabolically active strata and the dead cells of the more superficial strata contains melanocytes (keratohyalin)
stratum spinosum
a layer of the epidermis that provides strength and flexibility to the skin contains keratinocytes and dendritic cells (immune)
Hair bulb
a swelling at the base where hair originates in dermis only living hair cells are in or near bulb in the DERMAL layer
what is the most common type of skin cancer?
basal cell carcinoma
dermal papilla
bud of vascular connective tissue encased by bulb source of nutrition for the hair
melanocytes
cells that produce melanin
cuticle
composed of multiple layers of very thin, scaly cells that overlap each other
cortex
constitutes bulk of the hair several layers of elongated keratinized cells
medulla
core of loosely arranged cells and air spaces
eponychium
cuticle
stratum basale
deepest layer of epidermis single layer of stem cells and keratinocytes contain melanocytes and tactile cells mitosis occurs here
catagen
degeneration stage
the _____ contains: - blood vessels - sweat glands - sebaceous glands - nerve endings - hair follicles - nail roots - dermal papillae
dermis
What are the layers of the skin
epidermis, dermis, hypodermis
the ______ is a common site of drug injection sine it has many blood vessels
hypodermis
What are the 3 types of hair
lanugo, vellus, terminal
terminal hair
longer, coarse, heavily pigmented, forms axillary and pubic hair male facial hair
mitosis in the _____ accounts for the growth of nails.
nail matrix
stratum corneum
outermost layer of epidermis - several layers of dead cells - resists abrasion, penetration, water loss
What are the 2 layers of the dermis
papillary and reticular
free edge
part of the nail plate that extends over the tip of the finger or toe
dendritic cells
specialized white blood cells that patrol the body searching for antigens that produce infections
Where are stem cells located in the epidermis?
stratum basale
What are the layers of the epidermis?
stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, stratum corneum
Which 2 strata of the epidermis are most susceptible to cancer
stratum spinosum and stratum basale
pappilary layer
superficial layer of dermis. allows for mobility of leukocytes and other defense cells thin zone of areolar tissue
basement membrane
the wavy layer between the epidermis and the dermis
keratinocytes
The most abundant epidermal cells, they function mainly to produce keratin.
How many hairs do you lose a day?
50-100
second degree burn
A burn marked by pain, blistering, and superficial destruction of dermis with edema and hyperemia of the tissues beneath the burn.
Desmosomes
Anchoring junctions that prevent cells from being pulled apart
The dermis, a connective tissue layer, is composed mainly of ____.
Collagen
Reticular layer
Deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with oxygen and nutrients stretch marks (striae)
anagen
growth stage
Malignant melanoma
Most serious form of skin cancer; often characterized by black or dark brown patches on the skin that may appear uneven in texture, jagged, or raised. Greatest risk factor: family hx highest incidence in men, redheads, and ppl who had severe sunburn as a child
Basal cell carcinoma
Most common and least severe type of skin cancer; often characterized by light or pearly nodules. forms in the stratum basale beaded edges, shiny bump, central depression
acid mantle
Protective barrier of acidic lipids and secretions on the surface of the skin
telogen
Resting phase of hair growth
the ____ is the body's largest and heaviest organ.
Skin
first degree burn
Superficial burns through only the epidermis.
squamous cell carcinoma
Type of skin cancer more serious than basal cell carcinoma; often characterized by scaly red papules or nodules. concave ulcer can metastasize to lymph
nail root
fastens the nail to the finger or toe by fitting into a groove in the skin
lanugo hair
fine, downy, unpigmented hair that appears on the fetus in the last 3 months of development
vellus hair
fine, pale hair that replaces lanugo by time of birth all the hair in children except eyebrows, eyelashes, and hair of the scalp
the most immediate threat to life of a patient with severe burns is_____
fluid loss
hair matrix
region of mitotically active cells immediately above papilla hair growth center
nail matrix
responsible for nail growth
oil on your scalp is secreted by ______ glands associated with the hair follicles.
sebaceous
tactile cells
sensory touch receptors
root of hair
the remainder of hair in the follicle
true/false people of different skin colors have the same number of melanocytes
true! darker skinned people produce greater quantities of melanin and their melanin breaks down more slowly
shaft
visible part of the hair
nail body
visible part of the nail