a&p exam questions (ch.16-18)

Compute Joe's stroke volume if his end-systolic volume (ESV) is 40 mL and his end-diastolic volume (EDV) is 125 mL.

85 mL

Why can't a person with type A blood safely receive blood from a person with type B blood?

A person with type A blood will have anti- B antibodies that will agglutinate with type B blood

In which of the following would you expect the blood level of bilirubin to be elevated?

both a person suffering from hemolysis and an alcoholic with a damaged liver

Each of the following is a way that blood transports materials around the body except

carbon dioxide from the lungs to the tissues.

The level of erythropoietin in the blood would rise due to all of the following except

during periods of fasting.

The ________ is the amount of blood in a ventricle after it has contracted and before it begins to refill

end-systolic volume

Some rat poisons contain a toxin that blocks the liver's ability to utilize vitamin K. Animals that consume this poison would die of

hemorrhage.

Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that

her hemoglobin level is normal.

Which of the following statements about blood is false

Normal pH is 6.8 to 7.0.

The intrinsic pathway of coagulation is activated by the

activation of proenzymes exposed to collagen.

An obstruction in blood flow to the kidneys would ultimately result in

increased erythropoiesis.

Why is the left ventricle more muscular than the right ventricle?

must generate enough force to propel blood through the systemic circuit, whereas the right ventricle must generate only enough force to propel blood the short distance from the heart to the lungs in the pulmonary circuit.

At a heart rate of 60 beats/minute, a cardiac cycle lasts

one second

The phase in the cardiac cycle when the mitral valve is closed and the aortic valve is open is the

ventricular ejection of ventricular systole.

Identify the five types of white blood cells.

neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, lymphocytes

Compare oxyhemoglobin with deoxyhemoglobin.

oxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has bound oxygen. Deoxyhemoglobin is hemoglobin whose iron has not bound oxygen.

During the cardiac cycle,

the QRS complex of the ECG precedes the increase in ventricular pressure.

Describe the areas of the heart supplied by the right and left coronary arteries.

the right coronary artery supplies blood to the right atrium, portions of both ventricles, and the conducting system. The left coronary artery supplies blood to the left ventricle, left atrium, and interventricular septum

How do basophils respond to tissue damage?

They enter damaged tissue and release a variety of chemicals, including histamine, which promotes inflammation.

Describe the functional aspects of RBCs.

They have a large surface area — to — volume ratio, exhibit the ability to form stacks, and they are flexible.

define hemolytic disease of the newborn

condition in which maternal Rh antibodies attack and destroy fetal Rh-positive red blood cells, resulting in anemia.

Platelets are

cytoplasmic fragments of large cells.

A typical adult hematocrit is

higher in males than females.

Which of the following descriptions best matches the term colony stimulating factor

hormone that regulates blood cell formation

An increased mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration is termed

hyperchromic

Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in all of the following places except the

kidney

The circumflex branch and the anterior interventricular artery are branches of the

left coronary artery.

Which of the following is false concerning neutrophils?

less abundant than lymphocytes

If bile ducts are blocked, which of the following would not occur

less hemolysis would occur

The extrinsic pathway of coagulation is initiated by the

release of tissue factor (Factor III) by damaged endothelium.

People with type AB blood are considered the "universal recipient" for transfusions because

their blood lacks A or B antibodies.

The heart beats approximately ________ times each day.

100,000

The total volume of blood in the body of an adult male is approximately ________ liters.

5 to 6

Which parts of the following statement are true? The cardioacceleratory center activates sympathetic neurons and the cardioinhibitory center controls parasympathetic neurons.

Both parts of the statement are true.

After donating 0.5 liter of blood, one would expect

an increased reticulocyte count.

The inferior point of the heart is called the

apex

Which of the following proteins functions to store or transport oxygen?

hemoglobin

All of the following are components of the cardiovascular system except

lymph vessels.

The ________ separate(s) the two atria.

interatrial septum

Identify the structure labeled "21."

ligamentum arteriosum

Most of the protein factors that are required for clotting are synthesized by

liver

Contractions of the papillary muscles

prevent the atrioventricular valves from reversing into the atria.

Which of the following is not a function of blood?

produce hormones

The chief differences between plasma and interstitial fluid involves the concentration of

proteins

As blood leaves the right ventricle, it passes through the ________ and then into the pulmonary trunk

pulmonary valve

Name the four chambers of the heart.

right atrium, right ventricle, left atrium, left ventricle

The marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch are branches of the

right coronary artery.

What is hematology?

study of blood, blood-producing organs, and blood disorders.