A&P II Chapter 23
The conducting zone does NOT act to a) Clean air of debris b) Conduct air into the lungs c) Add water to air d) Warm air e) Does all of these choices
E
Which of the following is NOT a factor that the rate of pulmonary and systemic gas exchange depends on
Force of contraction of diaphragm
Exhalation begins when
Inspiratory muscles relax
Pitch is controlled by
Tension of the vocal chords
These are cells of the alveoli that produce surfactant.
alveolar type II
This is the primary gas exchange site.
alveolus
These are triangular pieces of mostly hyaline cartilage located at the posterior and superior border of the cricoid cartilage.
arytenoids cartilage
The point where the trachea divides into right and left primary bronchi is a ridge called
carina
The nose connects with the pharynx through the
choanae
Which of the below tissues provides the functions of the inner layer of the conducting organs?
ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium with goblet cells
This is a long drawn and deep inhalation followed by a complete closure of the rima glottidis, which results in a strong exhalation, pushing the rima glottidis open and sending a blast of air through the upper respiratory passages:
coughing
This is an inhalation followed by many short convulsive exhalations during which the rima glottidis remains open and the vocal folds vibrate, accompanied by characteristic facial expressions:
crying
When blood pH drops then the amount of oxyhemoglobin _______ and oxygen delivery to the tissue cells ________________.
decreases, increases
Which is the dominant method of carbon dioxide transport?
dissolved in plasma as bicarbonate ions
This structure prevents food or water from entering the trachea.
epiglottis
The opening to the pharynx from the mouth is called
fauces
This is the sum of the residual and the expiratory reserve volume.
functional residual capacity
This is a spasmodic contraction of the diaphragm followed by spasmodic closure of the rima glottidis, which produces a sharp sound on inhalation:
hiccupping
This means the lungs and the chest wall expand easily.
high compliance
Which of the below tissues maintains open airways in the lower respiratory system?
hyaline cartilage
Where is the rhythmicity center for respiration?
medulla oblongata
This is direction of diffusion of gases at capillaries near systemic cells.
oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide into blood
This is direction of diffusion of gases at the alveoli of the lungs.
oxygen out of blood, carbon dioxide into blood
During swallowing, which structure rises?
pharynx
Which of the following is a passageway for air, food and water?
pharynx
The conducting airways with the air that does not undergo respiratory exchange are known as the
respiratory dead space
Which is a factor that does NOT affect hemoglobin's affinity for oxygen?
respiratory rate
This is a long drawn and deep inhalation immediately followed by a shorter but forceful exhalation:
sighing
Which of the below tissues forms the exchange surfaces of the alveolus?
simple squamous epithelium
This is a spasmodic contraction of the muscles of exhalation that forcefully expels air through the nose and mouth:
sneezing
This is a series of convulsive inhalations followed by a single prolonged exhalation. The rima glottidis closes earlier than normal after each inhalation so only a little air enters the lung with each inhalation:
sobbing
This is located anterior to the esophagus and carries air to the bronchi.
trachea
Which of the following is NOT part of the upper respiratory system?
trachea
With which body system does the respiratory system work to regulate the pH of body fluids?
urinary
This is a deep inhalation through a widely opened mouth producing an exaggerated depression of the mandible, the precise cause of which is unknown:
yawning
