Abnormal Psychology- Ch10

The most commonly occurring sleeplessness produced problem is

difficulty concentrating

Researchers have examined the relationship between the sleep people need and the sleep people get. Based on their findings, which of the following statements is generally TRUE?

Across all age groups, people generally get less sleep than they need

A bacterium and a virus are examples of

antigens

Shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and a choking sensation are symptoms commonly associated with

asthma

Increasingly concerned about my minor heartbeat irregularities, I think that my health is being threatened, and more and more often, I misinterpret my body's normal signals. Which viewpoint BEST explains my experiences?

cognitive-behavioral

A woman complains of an assortment of physiological ailments. You think that she is intentionally producing the physical symptoms to appear sick, which fills some psychological need. If this is true, the appropriate diagnosis is

factitious disorder

The BEST example of malingering is a person who

feigns an illness to achieve some external gain, such as financial compensation

The body's network of activities and cells that identify and destroy antigens and cancer cells is called the

immune system

Difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep is called

insomnia

A physicians confronts Addison with evidence that her symptoms are factitious. It is MOST likely that Addison will

leave the facility and immediately seek treatment from a different physicians

Compared with a migraine headache, the pain associated with a muscle contraction headache is typically...

less severe

An individual who has been diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely first seek

medical help

An individual who has been diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely first week

medical help

Relaxation training differs from meditation in that

relaxation focuses on the body, whereas meditation focuses on turning one's concentration inward

The disorder with a wide range of vague, long-lasting, and disturbing physical symptoms without a medical cause is

somatic symptom disorder (somatization pattern)

The main criticism of the cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic explanations for the maintenance of hysterical disorder is that

they cannot explain how the gains can outweigh the pain of the disorder

Somatic symptom disorders differ from conversion disorders int hat conversion disorders

usually last less time

Defects in the ___ system are thought to contribute to the development of psychophysiological disorders.

autonomic nervous

The first time the patient reported vague chest pains to a 911 operator, local EMTs responded with obvious attention and concern. Over the next several months, the patient called 911 more and more often, receiving the same concerned care for the same symptoms. This pattern of patient response is MOST easily explained by which theoretical perspective?

cognitive-behavioral

People with somatic symptom disorders use their symptoms to express emotions they cannot easily express otherwise. This statement reflects the

cognitive-behavioral view

A shortcoming of Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale is that it

does not take into consideration the particular life-stress reactions of specific populations

Freud believed that "hysterical" symptoms

enabled people to avoid unpleasant activities

A person with hypertension would MOST likely

exhibit no outward signs of disease

A man appeared at the emergency room complaining of bloody diarrhea. The physician who examined him found that the man was intentionally creating the diarrhea through use of laxatives and anticoagulant medication and that he liked being a patient. The man is MOST likely

experiencing a factitious disorder

Western health care professionals have only recently become aware of the effectiveness of ___ in relieving physical distress?

meditation

___ has been used to help manage pain and treat high blood pressure, heart problems, asthma, skin disorders, diabetes, insomnia, and even viral infections

meditation

___ is a technique of turning one's concentration inward, achieving a slightly changed state of consciousness, and temporarily ignoring all stressors.

meditation

Kelsey feels stressed because of her responsibilities of being a mother. Even so, she tends to be optimistic, engages in constructive coping, and is resilient. The likelihood of her developing a psychophysiological disorder is slim due to

personality style

___ is the study of the connections between stress, the body's immune system, and illness.

pschoneuroimmmunology

Teaching people to relax their muscles at will is a form of

relaxation training

Insomnia and narcolepsy are examples of ___ disorders.

sleep-wake

If a person complains of a wide variety of physical symptoms over time in the absence of a physical basis for the symptoms, the diagnosis would likely be

somatic symptom disorder

Which statement BEST reflects our understanding of hysterical disorders?

the causes of hysterical disorders are poorly understood, with no theory predominant in aiding understanding

Munchausen syndrome by proxy is MOST likely to adversely affect the physical well-being of

the child of the person experiencing it

A professional has evidence that a patient has intentionally faked her illness. To determine whether the patient is malingering or experiencing a factitious disorder, what must be examed?

the motivation the patient has for assuming the sick note

Which statement would a cognitive behavioral theorist be MOST likely to make about hysterical disorder?

the patient is otherwise unable to communicate difficult emotions

Why do some researchers believe mass psychogenic illnesses will increase and become more severe in the future?

the power of social media will increase

Despite having clear economic disadvantages, the health of Hispanic Americans is, on average, at least as good as, and often better than, that of both non-Hispanic white Americans and African Americans. What is one theory that explains this paradox?

the strong family support common in Hispanic American culture increases health resilience among members of this culture

Which finding would lead you to suspect someone has a conversion disorder rather than another medical cause?

uniform and even numbness in the "damaged" hand

Someone who has Munchausen syndrome also, by definition, has

a factitious disorder

___ produce antibodies.

B-cells

In the latter half of the nineteenth century, a person who today is diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely have been diagnosed with

Briquet's syndrome

An example of a factitious disorder is

Munchausen syndrome

A symptom associated with an ulcer is

a burning sensation in the stomach

A 35-year-old woman hobbles into the office of a physician complaining of a debilitating illness that has robbed her of the use of her left leg and right arm. The physician finds no physical basis for her symptoms. The patient appears totally unaware that the cause of her symptoms may be psychological. The appropriate diagnosis in this case is

conversion disorder

Overabundance of ___ can lead to chronic inflammation throughout the body, contributing to heart disease, stroke, and other illnesses.

cytokinesis

Beyond its use in the control pain, ___ has been used successfully to help treat such problems as skin diseases, asthma, insomnia, high blood pressure, warts, and others forms of infection.

hypnosis

Cal tends to fall asleep at the drop of a hat- while watching television, eating, and even driving. He would most likely be diagnosed with

narcolepsy

If stress continues for an extended period of time, ___ give an inhibitory message to lymphocytes.

norepinephrine and corticosteroids

Because of similarities in presentation, people with illness anxiety disorder often receive the same kinds of treatments used to address symptoms of

obsessive-compulsive disorder

Which individual would be MOST likely to receive a diagnosis of factitious disorder?

someone who purposefully drinks gasoline and then seeks treatment for an unknown stomach ailment.

What is one of society's most negative social conditions that may set the stage for psychophysiological disorders?

poverty