Abnormal Psychology- Ch10
The most commonly occurring sleeplessness produced problem is
difficulty concentrating
Researchers have examined the relationship between the sleep people need and the sleep people get. Based on their findings, which of the following statements is generally TRUE?
Across all age groups, people generally get less sleep than they need
A bacterium and a virus are examples of
antigens
Shortness of breath, wheezing, coughing, and a choking sensation are symptoms commonly associated with
asthma
Increasingly concerned about my minor heartbeat irregularities, I think that my health is being threatened, and more and more often, I misinterpret my body's normal signals. Which viewpoint BEST explains my experiences?
cognitive-behavioral
A woman complains of an assortment of physiological ailments. You think that she is intentionally producing the physical symptoms to appear sick, which fills some psychological need. If this is true, the appropriate diagnosis is
factitious disorder
The BEST example of malingering is a person who
feigns an illness to achieve some external gain, such as financial compensation
The body's network of activities and cells that identify and destroy antigens and cancer cells is called the
immune system
Difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep is called
insomnia
A physicians confronts Addison with evidence that her symptoms are factitious. It is MOST likely that Addison will
leave the facility and immediately seek treatment from a different physicians
Compared with a migraine headache, the pain associated with a muscle contraction headache is typically...
less severe
An individual who has been diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely first seek
medical help
An individual who has been diagnosed with a somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely first week
medical help
Relaxation training differs from meditation in that
relaxation focuses on the body, whereas meditation focuses on turning one's concentration inward
The disorder with a wide range of vague, long-lasting, and disturbing physical symptoms without a medical cause is
somatic symptom disorder (somatization pattern)
The main criticism of the cognitive-behavioral and psychodynamic explanations for the maintenance of hysterical disorder is that
they cannot explain how the gains can outweigh the pain of the disorder
Somatic symptom disorders differ from conversion disorders int hat conversion disorders
usually last less time
Defects in the ___ system are thought to contribute to the development of psychophysiological disorders.
autonomic nervous
The first time the patient reported vague chest pains to a 911 operator, local EMTs responded with obvious attention and concern. Over the next several months, the patient called 911 more and more often, receiving the same concerned care for the same symptoms. This pattern of patient response is MOST easily explained by which theoretical perspective?
cognitive-behavioral
People with somatic symptom disorders use their symptoms to express emotions they cannot easily express otherwise. This statement reflects the
cognitive-behavioral view
A shortcoming of Holmes and Rahe's Social Readjustment Rating Scale is that it
does not take into consideration the particular life-stress reactions of specific populations
Freud believed that "hysterical" symptoms
enabled people to avoid unpleasant activities
A person with hypertension would MOST likely
exhibit no outward signs of disease
A man appeared at the emergency room complaining of bloody diarrhea. The physician who examined him found that the man was intentionally creating the diarrhea through use of laxatives and anticoagulant medication and that he liked being a patient. The man is MOST likely
experiencing a factitious disorder
Western health care professionals have only recently become aware of the effectiveness of ___ in relieving physical distress?
meditation
___ has been used to help manage pain and treat high blood pressure, heart problems, asthma, skin disorders, diabetes, insomnia, and even viral infections
meditation
___ is a technique of turning one's concentration inward, achieving a slightly changed state of consciousness, and temporarily ignoring all stressors.
meditation
Kelsey feels stressed because of her responsibilities of being a mother. Even so, she tends to be optimistic, engages in constructive coping, and is resilient. The likelihood of her developing a psychophysiological disorder is slim due to
personality style
___ is the study of the connections between stress, the body's immune system, and illness.
pschoneuroimmmunology
Teaching people to relax their muscles at will is a form of
relaxation training
Insomnia and narcolepsy are examples of ___ disorders.
sleep-wake
If a person complains of a wide variety of physical symptoms over time in the absence of a physical basis for the symptoms, the diagnosis would likely be
somatic symptom disorder
Which statement BEST reflects our understanding of hysterical disorders?
the causes of hysterical disorders are poorly understood, with no theory predominant in aiding understanding
Munchausen syndrome by proxy is MOST likely to adversely affect the physical well-being of
the child of the person experiencing it
A professional has evidence that a patient has intentionally faked her illness. To determine whether the patient is malingering or experiencing a factitious disorder, what must be examed?
the motivation the patient has for assuming the sick note
Which statement would a cognitive behavioral theorist be MOST likely to make about hysterical disorder?
the patient is otherwise unable to communicate difficult emotions
Why do some researchers believe mass psychogenic illnesses will increase and become more severe in the future?
the power of social media will increase
Despite having clear economic disadvantages, the health of Hispanic Americans is, on average, at least as good as, and often better than, that of both non-Hispanic white Americans and African Americans. What is one theory that explains this paradox?
the strong family support common in Hispanic American culture increases health resilience among members of this culture
Which finding would lead you to suspect someone has a conversion disorder rather than another medical cause?
uniform and even numbness in the "damaged" hand
Someone who has Munchausen syndrome also, by definition, has
a factitious disorder
___ produce antibodies.
B-cells
In the latter half of the nineteenth century, a person who today is diagnosed with somatic symptom disorder would MOST likely have been diagnosed with
Briquet's syndrome
An example of a factitious disorder is
Munchausen syndrome
A symptom associated with an ulcer is
a burning sensation in the stomach
A 35-year-old woman hobbles into the office of a physician complaining of a debilitating illness that has robbed her of the use of her left leg and right arm. The physician finds no physical basis for her symptoms. The patient appears totally unaware that the cause of her symptoms may be psychological. The appropriate diagnosis in this case is
conversion disorder
Overabundance of ___ can lead to chronic inflammation throughout the body, contributing to heart disease, stroke, and other illnesses.
cytokinesis
Beyond its use in the control pain, ___ has been used successfully to help treat such problems as skin diseases, asthma, insomnia, high blood pressure, warts, and others forms of infection.
hypnosis
Cal tends to fall asleep at the drop of a hat- while watching television, eating, and even driving. He would most likely be diagnosed with
narcolepsy
If stress continues for an extended period of time, ___ give an inhibitory message to lymphocytes.
norepinephrine and corticosteroids
Because of similarities in presentation, people with illness anxiety disorder often receive the same kinds of treatments used to address symptoms of
obsessive-compulsive disorder
Which individual would be MOST likely to receive a diagnosis of factitious disorder?
someone who purposefully drinks gasoline and then seeks treatment for an unknown stomach ailment.
What is one of society's most negative social conditions that may set the stage for psychophysiological disorders?
poverty
