Advanced Health Test
A person is having a diabetic emergency and requests sugar. The person is responsive and able to safely swallow. How much sugar should you give?
15 to 20 grams
When using direct pressure to control non-life-threatening bleeding from an open wound, you should:
Add additional dressings and continue to apply direct pressure until the bleeding stop and then bandage the wound.
How far should you compress the chest for adults, children, and infants?
Adult- 2 inches Child- 2 inches Infant- 1 1/2 inches
How far should you tilt the head for adults, children, and infants?
Adult- past-neutral position Child- slightly past-neutral position Infant- neutral position
What is a medication that counteracts the effects of histamines, a chemical released by the body during an allergic reaction?
Antihistamines
A person is responsive and showing signs and symptoms of a life-threatening condition but does not consent to care. What should your do?
Do not give care but instead call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number.
A person is having an asthma attack. What should you do?
Encourage the person to use his or her quick-relief medication and call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number if the person's condition does not improve within 5 to 15 minutes of taking the medication
What is a drug that slows or stops the effects of anaphylaxis?
Epinephirne
Hyperglycemia
Excessively high blood glucose
What does FAST stand for?
Face Arms Speech Time
How should you postion an infant to give back blows?
Face-down, with the infant's head lower than his or her chest.
You are conducting a head-to-toe check on a responsive person who is complaining of a leg injury. What should you do first?
Get consent to give care before beginning the head-to-toe exam.
A person has signs and symptoms of heat exhaustion. What should you do?
Get the person out of the heat and into a cooler place.
You believe that a person has a head, neck or spinal injury. What should you do?
Have the person remain in the position he or she is in until emergency medical services (EMS) personnel arrive and take over.
In what circumstance would it be appropriate to use a tourniquet?
There are multiple people with life-threatening injuries who need care.
In what kind of situation would you place a person in the recovery position?
When a person is responsive but not fully awake and no obvious signs of injury.
Epilesepy
a chronic seizure disorder than can often be controlled with medication
Hypoglycemia
excessively low blood glucose
A child collapses suddenly, is not responsive and is not breathing. You are alone with the chil. What should you do?
give about 2 minutes of CPR, and then call 9-1-1 and get an AED
What should you do for a responsive infant who is choking and cannot cough, cry or breathe?
give back blows and chest thrusts
What is a common type of seizure that causes a person to lose consciousness and have convulsions?
grand mal seizure
What is a heart attack?
occurs when blood flow to the heart muscle is blocked
What is cardiac arrest?
occurs when the heart stops beating or beats too ineffectively to circulate blood to the brain/organs.
You are giving first aid to a person with a muscle, bone, or joint injury. EMS has been called. What should you do until they arrive?
apply cold if the person can tolerate it, and watch the person for sings and symptoms of shock.
Which of the following statements about cardiac arrest is true? a) cardiac arrest is the same as a heart attack b) a person who is in cardiac arrest is not responsive, not breathing and has no heartbeat c) cardiac arrest occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked. d) cardiac arrest is always caused by cardiovascular disease.
b) a person who is in cardiac arrest is not responsive, not breathing and has no heartbeat
List 5 signs and symptoms of a heart attack.
-Chest pain -Dizziness/lightheadedness -Trouble breathing -Sweating -Fatigue
List the adult cadiage chain of survival
-Recognition of cardiac arrest and activation of the EMS system -Early CPR -Early defibrillation -Early advanced life support -Integrated post-cardiac arrest care
What is your role in the EMS system?
-Recognizing that an emergency exists -Deciding to take action -Activating the EMS system -Giving care until EMS personnel takeover
What are the 4 signs of an emergency?
-Unusual sounds -Unusual odors -Unusual sights -Unusual behaviors
What is the rate at which chest compressions should be performed?
100-120 compressions/min
A person is having signs and symptoms of a heart attack. What should you do first?
Call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number
What does CPR stand for?
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
The steps to follow in an emergency are:
Check-Call-Care
What is the first link in the Pediatric Cardiac Chain of Survival?
Prevention
What is the good Samaritan Law?
Protect the responder form financial liability. It was developed to encourage people to help others in emergency situations.
When caring for a person who is having a seizure, you should:
Remove nearby objects that might cause injury
What does SAMPLE stand for?
S- Signs and Symptoms A- allergies M- medications P- Pertinent and medical history L- last food or drink E- events leading up to the incident
What sudden illness is usually caused by a blockage of blood flow to the brain?
Stroke
Which of the following statements about concussions is true? a) a person with a concussion will always lose consciousness briefly. b) a person must have to be hit with a great deal of force to sustain a concusion c) a concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury. d) it is safe for a person who may have a concussion to immediately resume whatever activity he or she was engaged in when the injury occurred.
c) a concussion is a type of traumatic brain injury
All of the following are links in the adult cardiac chain of survival except: a) early defibrillation b) early cpr c) prevention d) early recognition and early access to the EMS system
c) prevention
A woman burned her lunch room. You should: a) Cool the burn with large amounts of cool or cold potable water for at least 10 minutes. b) Cover the burn loosely with a dry sterile dressing. c) Remove her from the source of the burn. d) All of the above.
d) All of the above
In which situation should you call 9-1-1 or the designated emergency number? a) the person is having persistent check pain b) the person is having trouble breathing. c) the person is unresponsive. d) all of the above
d) all of the above
When wearing latex-free disposable gloves, you should: a) avoid touching other surfaces unnecessarily while you are wearing the gloves. b) change gloves after providing care for one person and before providing care for the next. c) wash your hands after removing the gloves d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Which of the following are causes of cardiac arrest in children? a) Congenital heart disease b) drowning c) electrocution d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Which of the following could be signs or symptoms of a stroke? a) drooping features on one side of the face b) trouble with speech or language c) an arm that drifts downward when both arms are lifted in front of the body d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Which of the following should cause shock? a) a burn b) a wound that is bleeding heavily c) anaphylaxis d) all of the above
d) all of the above
Which of the following statements about anaphylaxis is true? a) a person experiencing anaphylaxis may have trouble breathing and go into shock. b) It is important to act quickly when a person is showing signs and symptoms of anaphylaxis. c) The effects of anaphylaxis can be stopped or slowed by administering epinephrine. d) all of the above
d) all of the above
If, during the second analysis, the AED prompts "no shock advised," you should:
resume CPR until the AED analyzes or your find an obvious sign of life
The AED pads should normally be placed on:
the upper right and lower left sides of the chest
When should CPR be used?
used when a person is in cardiac arrest to keep oxygenated blood moving to the brain and organs until medical help arrives.