All A&P Questions MPO Manno

Barbara is training her new puppy to sit on command. Every third time the puppy responds correctly, he receives a treat. Barbara is using a _______ reinforcement schedule. A.fixed interval B.continuous C.variable ratio D.variable interval

A

Ellen and George work for the same company. Ellen, a Gen Xer, really appreciates the flextime opportunities, while George, a baby boomer, takes advantage of the free computer training offered at the company. These policies are examples of A. work-life balance B. family-support philosophy C. dysfunctional conflict D. work-family conflict

A

Fiedler's contingency model identifies which leadership styles? A.task-motivated or relationship-motivated B.trait or behavioral C.servant or laissez-faire D.transactional or transformational

A

In skill-based pay systems, performance measures are primarily based on ________. A.employees' competency acquisition B.a supervisor's appraisal C.company profits D.individual productivity

A

Josh runs into heavy traffic every day while driving to work. Yesterday, he left home earlier than usual and did not run into heavy traffic. Again, today, he left earlier and avoided heavy traffic. His behavior of leaving earlier enabled him to avoid heavy traffic and reach the office on time. In which of the following processes did Josh engage? A.negative reinforcement B.Punishment C.positive reinforcement D.extinction

A

Marion resolves to work extra hours if necessary to complete a difficult assignment because she believes that doing so will guarantee her a raise and promotion. This is an example of: A.Extrinsic motivation B.Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) C.Commitment D.Intrinsic motivation

A

Organizational Culture is related to which outcomes? A.Employee & Customer Satisfaction B.Profit & Revenue Growth C.Innovation & Quality D.Competitive Advantage & Market Share

A

Polly works as a bartender. A few people wave money at her so that she will serve them first. She finds this to be rude and, so, either ignores them or serves them last. People realize that Polly serves the people who wait politely first, and much of the rude behavior stops. Polly used the model of A.Extinction B.Negative Reinforcement C.Variable ratio enforcement D.Positive reinforcement

A

Sage & Sol, Inc. a mid-sized manufacturer of health & fitness products, has decided to enhance revenue by expanding its product line. It has identified the yoga industry as a possible market & has identified ImSoZen, LLC as a potential competitor. Sage & Sol, Inc. is currently in which stage of the strategic management process? A.Strategy formulation B.Strategy evaluation C.Strategy implementation D.Strategy execution

A

Sustainability refers to a firm's capacity to: A.Meet its needs without sacrificing the ability of future generations to meet theirs B.Develop socially responsible strategies at the cost of profits C.Pursue economic goals despite social & ethical concerns D.Meet its business needs at the cost of environmental responsibilities

A

The dean of Roan College is looking for a new head of admissions. She wants to be sure that Roan College has an admissions program with the highest standards. As the committee interviews various candidates, the dean tries to point out potential flaws in each person. She is playing the role of A.devil's advocate B.dysfunctional conflict manager C.integrative specialist D.dialectic advocate

A

Using the ____________ approach to performance, management focuses on the extent to which employees possess certain characteristics or traits that the firm has identified as necessary for achieving strategic competitive advantage. A.Attribute B.Behavioral C.Comparative D.Detailed

A

Which of the following aspects of emotional intelligence refers to the knowledge of one's strengths and weaknesses? A.Self-awareness B.Social skill C.Self-regulation D.Empathy

A

Which of the following components is a perceived link between behavior and pay? A.Instrumentality B.Equity C.Valence D.Expectancy

A

A ________ is a defined dialogue initiated by one or more persons to gather information and evaluate the qualifications of an applicant for employment. A.physical ability test B.selection interview C.brainstorming session D.focused group interview

B

After 10 years of outstanding service, including 5 Employee of the Month awards, Wayne has been passed over for a raise and promotion in favor of his co-worker Zander who has only been with the firm for 2 years and hasn't even been nominated once for Employee of the Month. Wayne perceives a A.Negative expectancy B.Negative equity C.Positive equity D.Negative output

B

During the strategic implementation stage of the strategic management process, an organization: A.Defines its mission & goals B.Ensure that it has skilled employees in place C.Identifies external opportunities & threats D.Determines it's internal strength & weaknesses

B

External equity pay comparisons focus on what A. other employees in the same organization but in a different job are paid. B. employees in other organizations are paid for doing the same general job. C. employees in other organizations are paid for doing other jobs with higher responsibility. D. other employees in the same organization in the same job are paid.

B

If a person tells you that they are conscientious, what characteristics might you expect from them? A.gregarious, secure, and uncooperative B.dependable, organized, persevering, thorough, and achievement-oriented C.talkative, emotionally stable, and unorganized D.sociable, content, and intolerant

B

Michael wants to be president of his division. Everything he does is geared to that objective. He pushes his employees to meet higher quotas, criticizes anyone who doesn't put in 10 to 12 hour days, and demands results before the due date. He is arrogant and dominant. Michael is exhibiting A.narcissism. B.Machiavellianism. C.laissez-faire syndrome. D.psychopathy.

B

The degree to which the information provided by selection methods enhances the bottom-line effectiveness of the organization is known as the selection method's A.Reliability B.Utility C.Generalizability D.Validity

B

The forms of intuition are A.tacit and explicit. B.holistic hunches and automated experiences. C.rational and non-rational. D.formal and informal.

B

We all use shortcuts or ________ when making decisions. A.holistic hunches B.judgmental heuristics C.bounded rationality D.personal biases

B

Which of the following is NOT one of the four functions of Organizational Culture? A.Sense-making device B.Social justice device C.Collective commitment D.Organizational identity

B

Which of the following is not an example of an outcome-oriented contract? A.Gainsharing B.Merit pay C.Stock option D.Profit sharing

B

Which performance management evaluation criterion reflects the extent to which a performance measure assesses all of the relevant - and only the relevant - aspects of performance? A.Utility B.Validity C.Reliability D.Specificity

B

Which theories of motivation answer the question: "What are the different needs that activate motivation's direction, intensity and persistence?" A.Process B.Content C.Expectancy D.Equity

B

________ teams are created with members from different disciplines within an organization, such as finance, operations, and R&D. A.Virtual B.Cross-functional C.High extraversion D.Self-managed

B

___________ states that motivation is a function of five basic needs that are met sequentially. A.Herzberg's motivator-hygiene theory B.Maslow's need hierarchy theory C.Deci & Ryan's self-determination theory D.McClelland's acquired needs theory

B

A decision maker is influenced by the manner in which a problem or question is stated. This represents the ________ bias. A.Availability B.Overconfidence C.Framing D.Confirmation

C

A job performance measure is said to be contaminated when it: A.Fails to measure all aspects of job performance B.Is a subjective (as opposed to objective) supervisory measure of job performance C.Evaluates irrelevant aspects of job performance D.Systematically discriminates against a protected group of individuals

C

According to Michael Porter, competitive advantage results from creating value by which of the following strategies? A.Customer service & low prices B.Price, product, promotion & place C.Low cost & differentiation D.Commitment, performance, compliance & partnership

C

Carol and Dee have never gotten along. Carol feels that Dee acts superior, while Dee believes that Carol just tries to please everyone. This is ________ conflict, which is defined as interpersonal opposition based on individual dislike or disagreement. A.Integrative B.Programmed C.Personality D.Distributive

C

Culture based on ________ is most likely to prevail in companies that use a profit-sharing compensation program. A.individual competition B.problem-solving orientation C.knowledge of business D.learning and flexibility

C

Don believes that if he works hard and attends every class, he will get an A in his Strategy class. This belief is called a(n): A.Expectation B.Instrumentality C.Expectancy D.Valence

C

Group members tend to be uncertain and anxious about such unknowns as their roles, the people in charge, and the group's goals during the ________ stage. A.Norming B. Performing C. Forming D.Storming

C

In ________, one party perceives that its interests are being opposed or negatively affected by another party. A.Mediation B.Negotiation C.Conflict D.Devil's advocacy

C

In a self-managed team A. managers are entirely absent from team processes. B. management retains the planning, scheduling, and monitoring activities, but allows teams to staff themselves. C. leadership responsibilities often shift as members step up. D. leadership is centralized.

C

In groupthink, the "inherent morality" symptom is likely to A. breed excessive optimism. B. question loyalty of dissenters. C. cause the group to ignore ethical considerations. D. cause groups to underestimate opponents.

C

In incentive pay, performance measures are primarily based on ________. A.company stock returns B.company profits C.individual productivity D.a supervisor's appraisal

C

LT&T, Inc. is a closely held S-Corp offering one-on-one instruction to students who are too sick to go too school, need supplemental support (tutoring) and/or help preparing for SAT/ACT college entrance exams. Drawing on your knowledge of the Competing Values Framework (CVF), which organizational culture, is LTT, Inc. most likely to have? A.Adhocracy B.Market C.Clan D.Hierarchy

C

Of the approaches to job design, ___________ is the most recently evolved and attempts to merge earlier perspectives by tailoring the job to individual employee needs. A.Job enrichment B.Bottom-up C.i-deals D. Job rotation

C

Peter & Sarah both went to the store manager with suggestions for a new holiday display. Peter was told that the display is already set. Then, Sarah was told that her display idea was great and she should re-set the display! Which theory of motivation best explains why Peter might not make any more suggestions? A.Needs B.Self-determination C.Equity D.Expectancy

C

Rollerbeam Inc., a provider of engineering services, is looking to hire several maintenance engineers. Rollerbeam's HR department checks with the company's engineering department to confirm that the scenarios mentioned in the test are plausible real-world scenarios that maintenance engineers might face. Which of the following types of validation is Rollerbeam's HR team performing? A.Criterion B.Concurrent C.Content D.Predictive

C

Star Inc., an engineering firm, has come up with a new technical test to assess the knowledge of interviewees. To assess the validity of the test, it requests that its present employees take the test and match it with their performance in the organization. Which of the following types of validation has Star Inc. used to test the validity of its new technical test? A.Face B.Content C.Concurrent D.Predictive

C

Strategic Management is a process to address the organization' competitive challenges by integrating: A.Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities & Threats (SWOT) B.Intuition & Best Practices C.Goals, Policies & Action Sequences D.Mission, Vision & Values

C

The two basic types of negotiation are A. interpersonal and intrapersonal B. dominating and obliging C. distributive and integrative D. integrating and avoiding

C

What are the two dimensions of the Human Capital Architecture discussed in Wright (2008)? A.Commitment & Control B.Value & Performance C.Uniqueness & Strategic Value D.Human Capital & Architecture

C

Which of the following is NOT one of the four types of employer-employee relationships described by Human Capital Architecture? A.Collaborative B.Core C.Blue Collar D.Support

C

Which of the following is an example of using performance management to fulfill an administrative purpose? A.Identify employees' strengths and weaknesses and link employees to appropriate training and development activities. B.Develop employees who are effective at their jobs. C.Use performance appraisal to make decisions such as pay raises, promotions, retention-termination, layoffs, and recognition of individual performance. D.Define the results, behaviors, and, to some extent, employee characteristics that are necessary

C

Why do managers conduct performance reviews? A. They are one of the key elements of core self-evaluations B. In order to avoid discrimination lawsuits C. For strategic, administrative & developmental purposes D. In order to develop a sense of achievement, affiliation and self-efficacy among the employees

C

________ attempts to emphasize the multidimensional nature of performance and thoroughly familiarize the raters with the actual content of various performance dimensions. A.Multidimensional training B.Sensitivity training C.Rater accuracy training D.Process-flow analysis

C

Angela would like to improve the quality and effectiveness of her department's performance evaluations. Angela should do all of the following EXCEPT: A.Focus on the importance of filling out the performance management form accurately & without bias. B.Set clear expectations for her employees. C.Provide regular feedback to her employees. D.Find new opportunities for her employees to succeed and develop.

D

Firms that wish to create competitive advantage seek to bring to bear a service or product that is: A.Viable, Recent, Innovative & has Organized Processes B.Valuable, Rare, Innovative & has Organized Processes C.Viable, Rare, Inimitable & has Organized Processes D.Valuable, Rare, Inimitable & has Organized Processes

D

If there is a substantial correlation between test scores and job performance scores, ___________ validity has been establish. A.Content B.Construct C.Procedural D.Criterion-related

D

Interactional justice is defined as the perceived fairness of: A.The process used to make allocation decisions B.How punishment and discipline are determined C.How resources and rewards are allocated D.The quality of interpersonal treatment received

D

Javier is a leader in his organization. Javier most likely engages in all of the following activities EXCEPT A. proposing a vision for the organization. B. getting employees excited and engaged in the process to meet sales goals. C. providing support for an employee dealing with the death of a family member. D. planning the production schedule for the month.

D

Marion resolves to work extra hours if necessary to complete a difficult assignment because she feels good helping the company achieve its strategic competitive advantage. This is an example of: A.Extrinsic motivation B.Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) C.Commitment D.Intrinsic motivation

D

Personality inventories tend to have A. high validity, high generalizability, and high utility. B. moderate reliability, moderate criterion validity, and moderate utility. C. low reliability, low validity, and low generalizability. D. high reliability, low to moderate criterion validity, and low generalizability.

D

What has been shown by research to reduce social loafing? A.allowing groups to choose their own members B.using an autocratic leadership style C.choosing group membership based on personality type D.providing hybrid rewards

D

What theory suggests that employees who are paid more than they would be paid elsewhere are less likely to shirk because they wish to retain their good jobs? A.Herzberg's Motivator-Hygiene Theory B.Expectancy Theory C.Equity Theory D.Efficiency Wage Theory

D

Which of the following is NOT true regarding HCA? A.Some, but not all human resources can be a source of competitive advantage B.Different groups of employees have different value to the execution of business strategy C.Firms must decide if the productivity of a job family can influence strategic capabilities & develop HRM & other work practices to maximize productivity D.Firms must develop a single work system based on best practices throughout the organization

D

Which of the following statements is true of two-way linkages? A.The two way-linkage level is the lowest level of integration B.The human resource function is limited to monitoring day-to-day activities C.The strategic planning function and the human resource management function are completely independent D.The strategic planning function and the human resource management function are interdependent

D

Which of the following statements is true regarding reliability & validity? A.Reliability is a necessary and sufficient condition for validity. B.Reliability and validity are directly proportional to each other. C.Reliability and validity are independent of each other. D.Reliability of a measure is essential for it to have any validity.

D

________ is a group process that anonymously generates ideas or judgments from physically dispersed experts. A.Goal displacement B.Brainstorming C.Groupthink D.The Delphi technique

D

________ is a lack of concern for others, impulsive behavior, and a lack of remorse or guilt when one's actions harm others A.Ethnocentrism B.Machiavellianism C.Narcissism D.Psychopathy

D

________ is the relative pay of different jobs and how much one is paid. A.Pay grade B.Efficiency wage C.Benchmark D.Pay structure

D

___________ refers to how an individual perceives the movement from performance to outcome (P -> O). A.Expectancy B.Expectation C.Valence D.Instrumentality

D

Which of the following is a likely consequence of an internal equity perception? A.Retention of quality employees B.Labor costs C.Attraction of efficient employees D.Job rotation

A

Which of the following is part of the cash compensation offered to employees? A.Stock options B.Paid vacation C.Unemployment compensation D.Retirement plans

A

Which of the following statements about norms is not true? A.Norms are typically written down and discussed openly by groups. B.Norms clarify central values and unique identity of a group. C.Norms help group members avoid being embarrassed. D.Norms clarify behavioral expectations.

A

________ leadership theory is based on the idea that people have beliefs about how leaders should behave and what they should do for their followers. A.Implicit B.Servant C.Explicit D.Transformational

A

______________ ability refers to an individual's capacity to invent solutions to many diverse problems A.Reasoning B.Quantitative C.Comprehension D.Technical

A

Organizational socialization is the process by which a person learns the values, norms & required behaviors which permit them to participate as a member of an organization. This process begins:

A.Before the candidate is interviewed B.After the candidate is interviewed C.Once the candidate is hired D.Once the candidate goes through orientation A

The three fundamental levels of organizational culture are:

Artifacts, Espoused Values & Basic Underlying Assumptions