Anatomy and Pathophysiology Chapter 4

A fever blister is caused by

HSV-1

Genital herpes

Herpes simplex virus/ viral infection characterized by clusters of blisters.

Hives

Urticaria/ common name for appearance of wheals during allergic reaction

Partial-thickness burn

a burn involving the epidermis and dermis that usually involves blisters; commonly called a second-degree burn

Superficial burn

a burn that involves only the epidermis, the outer layer of the skin. It is characterized by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling. An example is a sunburn. Also called a first-degree burn.

A chronic, pruritic, superficial inflammation of the skin, usually associated with a family history of allergic disorders?

atopic dermatitus

What is the term for paper-thin, wasted skin?

atrophy

the ______________ system consists of the skin, hair, nails, and glands

integumentary

A rare form of skin cancer, most often seen in patients with deficient immune systems, is called?

kaposi's sarcoma (KS)

Overgrowth of tissue at site of injury

keloid

What is the term for the type of scar that is an overgrowth of tissue?

keloid

A hard, protective material that adds to the protective nature of the skin?

keratin

A benign cavity lined with keratinizing epithelium and filled with sebum and epithelial debris is a

keratinous cyst

Any visible, localized abnormality of the skin is called a?

lesion

A fatty tumor that is a soft, movable, subcutaneous nodule ?

lipoma

Test to detect exposure or presence of tuberculosis bacteria

mantoux test

What are tiny, superficial, keratinous cysts caused by clogged oil ducts?

milia

Occluded sweat ducts causing minute vesicles and papules, often with surrounding erythema?

miliaria

Highly vascular tissue under the nail

nail bed

Visible part of the nail

nail body (plate)

Located in a groove at the base of the nail

nail root

The term for tissue death?

necrosis

A mole is also called a?

nevus

Pigmented lesion often present at birth; mole

nevus

Inflammation of a fingernail is called____?

onychia

An ingrown nail is called a(n)?

onychocryptosis

Separation of the nail plate from the nail bed is called?

onycholysis

Softening of the nails is?

onychomalacia

Fungal infection of the nails

onychomycosis/ tinea unguium

The layer of connective tissue under the dermis is the ______ layer.

papillary

A burn that goes only through the papillary layer of the dermis is called a _____-thickness burn.

partial

A partial-thickness burn in which the first and second layers of the skin are affected is a _____-degree burn.

partial

What is the larger version of a macule?

patch

A parasitic infestation with lice, involving the head, body, or genital area?

pediculosis

Parasitic infestation with lice

pediculosis

The healthcare term for "athlete's foot" is tinea_____?

pedis

Tiny ecchymoses within the dermal layer are called?

petechia

Mole or Nevus

pigmented, elevated spot above the surface of the skin

Growth of hair in a cyst in the sacral region is called?

pilonidal cyst

What is a growth of hair in a cyst in the sacral region of the skin?

pilonidal cyst

Inflammation, ulcer, or sore in the skin over a bony prominence ?

pressure Ulcer

A common chronic skin disorder characterized by circumscribed, salmon-red patches covered by thick, dry, silvery scales that are the result of excessive development of epithelial cells ?

psoriasis

Chronic skin disorder characterized by circumscribed, salmon-red patches

psoriasis

A massive hemorrhage into the tissues under the skin is a(n)?

purpura

Hemorrhage of blood into subcutaneous tissue

purpura

The term for a superficial, elevated lesion containing pus that may be the result of an infection such as acne is?

pustule

A parasitic infestation caused by mites and characterized by a pruritic, papular rash ?

scabies

Structure responsible for lubricating skin and hair

sebaceous glands

Inflammatory scaling disease of the scalp and face, in newborns known as cradle cap?

seborrheic dermatitis

Cradle cap

seborrheic dermatitis or seborrheic capitis / inflammatory scaling disease of the scalp and face.

A benign, circumscribed, pigmented, superficial, warty skin lesion ?

seborrheic keratosis

The second most common skin cancer is called?

squamous cell carcinoma

The plural of stratum?

strata

The term for layers, as in the epithelium?

strata

Stretch mark

striae

Layer composed of mostly adipose tissue

subcutaneous tissue

The term used to describe the sweat glands is?

sudoriferous

Structure responsible for perspiration

sudoriferous gland

Only the epidermis is damaged in a _____-thickness burn.

superficial

Dermatitis

superficial inflammation of the skin

Acute painful rash caused by latent varicella virus; shingles

herpes zoster

Another term for the acute, painful, infectious rash caused by a reactivation of the latent varicella zoster virus ?

herpes zoster

Shingles

herpes zoster

Inflammation of the sweat glands?

hidradenitis suppurativia

An inflammation of the sweat glands is called?

hidradentitis suppurativa

Viral infection characterized by clusters of small vesicles

hsv herpes simplex virus

A condition of excessive sweat production ?

hyperhidrosis

A category of dry skin that has the scaly appearance of a fish ?

ichthyosis

Superficial vesiculopustular skin infection

impetigo

What is a superficial vesiculopustular skin infection seen in children but also possible in adults?

impetigo

Clavus

A horny mass of condensed epithelial tissue overlying a bony prominence is known as a CORN or

The term for a nonelevated "black and blue" extravasation of blood into subcutaneous tissue as a result of trauma is?

Ecchymosis

Inflammation of the hair follicles

Folliculitis

sweat

The sebaceous glands produce _____________.

Small fold of skin surrounding lower part of nail

Cuticle

Infection of the skin beside the nail is called?

Paronychia

Acrochordon

Small outgrowth of epidermal and dermal tissue; skin tags

subcutaneous

The layer of the skin composed mainly of adipose tissue is the epidermis.

Hypertrichosis

abnormal condition of excessive hair/ hirutism

Onychomycosis

abnormal condition of nail fungus. also called tinea unguium

Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands, characterized by papules, pustules, inflamed nodules, and plugs of sebum that block pores?

acne vulgaris

Hair Loss and Baldness

alopecia

Bedsore

an ulcer, sore, or inflammation of the skin that results from prolonged pressure on the skin (generally this occur over the bony parts of the body when a person lays in the same position for long periods of time; they are also know as decubitus ulcers or pressure ulcers or pressure sores)

What is a localized vascular lesion?

angioma

A condition in which a person produces little or no sweat ?

anhidrosis

An abnormal condition of no sweating is called?

anhidrosis

The most common skin cancer, originating in the basal layer of the epidermis, is called?

basal cell carcinoma

Full-thickness burn

burn that damages the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue/ third-degree burn

Yeast infection in moist, occluded areas of the skin and mucous membranes ?

candidiasis

What is a furuncle with interconnecting subcutaneous pockets?

carbuncle

A diffuse, spreading, acute inflammation within solid tissue, most commonly caused by Streptococcus pyogenes infection?

cellulitis

A horny mass of condensed epithelial tissue overlying a bony prominence is known as a corn or

clavus

What are plugs of sebum that block pores?

comedones

Wart

common, contagious epithelial growths usually appearing on the skin of the hands,feet,legs and face

What is an irritated or allergic skin response that can lead to acute or chronic inflammation?

contact dermatitis

Another name for the circumscribed, elevated papules caused by localized edema, commonly resulting from an allergic reaction?

contact dermititis

Scraping material from wall of a cavity or other surface

curettage

The small fold of skin surrounding the lower part of the nail is the _________?

cuticle

A nodule filled with a liquid or semisolid material is called a(n)?

cyst

Nodule filled with semisolid material

cyst

Hair root and its covering

hair follicle

Removal of dirt, damaged tissue, foreign debris, and cellular debris

debridement

The epidermis down to the reticular dermis is damaged in a _____-thickness burn.

deep partial

A fibrous, painless skin nodule is called a(n)?

dermatofibroma

A fungal infection of the skin is called?

dermatomycosis

The inner layer of skin; corium

dermis

What is the term for an abnormal change in a pigmented congenital skin blemish, giving rise to a concern for progression to malignancy?

dysplastic nevus

A collection of extravasated blood trapped in tissue is called?

ecchymosis

Collection of extravasated blood trapped in tissues

ecchymosis

What is the process of a substance leaking outside of a vessel into surrounding tissue?

ecchymosis

Superficial inflammation of the skin is called?

eczema

Superficial inflammation of the skin; dermatitis

eczema

The outermost layer of the skin

epidermis

The term for redness of the skin is?

erythema

What is a dry crust of serum, blood, and/or pus that results from a burn, trauma, or infection?

eschar/ scab

Incision (cutting) of necrotic tissue resulting from a severe burn

escharotomy

A cracklike lesion of the skin is called a?

fissure

Inflammation of the hair follicles, which may be superficial or deep, acute or chronic?

folliculitis

The epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue are damaged in a _____-thickness burn.

full

A localized, suppurative staphylococcal skin infection originating in a gland or hair follicle and characterized by pain, redness, and swelling ?

furuncle

The degree of burn known as a full-thickness burn, often also involving subcutaneous tissue, is a _____-degree burn.

third

Ringworm of the scalp is tinea __________?

tinea capitis

Jock itch

tinea cruris, fungal infection on groin area

Fungal infection of the foot; athlete's foot

tinea pedis

A nodule of more than 2 cm in size is termed a?

tumor

Circumscribed, elevated papules; hives

urticaria

The rule of nines describes the ______?

used for estimating the extent of burns

Common, contagious epithelial growth; wart

verruca

Which are common, contagious epithelial growths, also known as warts, that can be caused by any of 60 types of human papillomavirus?

verruca

Circumscribed, elevated lesion containing fluid; blister

vesicle

What is a circumscribed, raised lesion containing fluid?

vesicle

A benign acquired disease of unknown origin, consisting of irregular patches of various sizes that lack pigment?

vitiligo

A mild form of ichthyosis ?

xeroderma

Candidiasis

yeast infection