Anatomy & Physiology 1 Test 3
What is the best definition of the origin of a muscle?
The attachment of a muscle to a bone which is relatively stable or fixed in position
The covering of individual muscle fibers is the
endomysium
Moving from superficial to deep, the connective tissue components would be:
epimysium, perimysium, endomysium.
An aponeurosis could be described as a
flat sheet of connective tissue connecting muscle to muscle or other structures.
Glucose can be stored in the muscle as:
glycogen.
An increase in muscle size is termed:
hypertrophy.
The ability of muscle cells to respond to nerve stimulus is called:
irritability.
Which of the following muscles is named according to its origin and insertion
Sternocleidomastoid
There are more than ____ skeletal muscles in the body
600
The term "motor unit" applies to:
A motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it stimulates
Muscle tone refers to:
A state of sustained, partial contraction of muscles which is necessary to maintain posture
Which part of the sarcomere stays almost the same size during contraction?
A-band
Which of the following muscles is (are) named according to its size?
All of the above
During periods of intense skeletal muscular activity:
An oxygen debt may be built up by the increase of lactic acid
A major muscle in a group that performs the desired action is referred to as the:
Antagonist
Compared to skeletal muscle, smooth muscle
Contracts more slowly and relaxes more slowly
A compound that is stored as an energy reserve for skeletal muscle contraction and supplies energy for the synthesis of ATP which is the main source of energy for muscular contraction is:
Creatine phosphate also known as CP
The cytoplasmic extensions on neurons that receive impulses are:
Dendrites
Calcium binding:
Exposes the active sites of the actin by binding to troponin and shifting troponin/tropomysin sideways
. Anaerobic respiration is the first choice of the muscle cell for the production of ATP
False
Actin, troponin, and tropomyosin are present on the thin myofilament.
False
The cell membrane of a muscle fiber is called the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
False
The thin myofilament is myosin, whereas the thick myofilament is actin.
False
The type of muscle contraction in which there is a change in length of the muscle is:
Isotonic/isometric
Attempting to pick up an object would result in which type of muscle contraction?
Isometric
Which of the following is not associated with the thin myofilament?
Myosin
What occurs during the relative refractory period:
Na+ gates are open
The A band of skeletal muscle cells is composed of:
Overlapping thin and thick myofilaments
The connective tissue that surrounds all of the fasicles is called:
Perineurium
Which of the following is not one of the major functions of muscles
Protection
Which structure functions to temporarily store calcium ions?
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
Which of the following types of muscle tissue is voluntary?
Skeletal
If a tissue is without striations and has one nucleus per fiber (cell), then that tissue could be:
Smooth(visceral)muscle
Which is true of an action potential?
The outside of the plasma membrane is negatively charged, and the inside is positively charged.Compared with the inside of the neuron, the outside has a(n) ____ charge.
Which of these descriptions best accounts for the H zone?
Thick myofilaments only (no thin myofilaments)
A neuromuscular junction is a type of connection called a synapse
True
Hemoglobin carries oxygen in the red blood cell, and myoglobin stores oxygen in the muscle fiber
True
Muscle fibers of skeletal muscle contain several nuclei.
True
The sliding filament theory is the current model of muscle contraction
True
A synapse consists of:
all of the above
Muscles may be named according to
all of the above.
Which of the following muscle(s) is located in the abdominal area?
all of the above.
The chief function of the T-tubules is to:
allow for electrical signals to move deeper into the cell.
The "all or none response" means:
When the threshold stimulus is reached the muscle fiber contracts completely
Sarcolemma is
a name for the plasma membrane of a muscle fiber.
The neurotransmitter(s) secreted at the motor end plates of skeletal muscles is/are:
acetylcholine
The largest and most numerous type(s) of neuroglia is/are the:
astrocytes.
The ion necessary for cross-bridging is:
calcium
The characteristic of the muscle cell that directly causes movement is:
contractility.
Along a neuron, the correct pathway for impulse conduction is:
dendrite,cell body,and axon
. A contraction in which the length within the muscle remains the same but the tension changes is called a(n):
isotonic contraction.
A neuron that has only one axon but several dendrites is classified as a:
multipolar neuron.
Another name for a skeletal muscle cell is a(n):
muscle fiber.
The white matter of the nervous system is made up of:
myelinated fibers
Which of the following proteins found in myofilaments contains the cross-bridges?
myosin
The connective tissue sheath that around one bundle (facicle) of muscle fibers is the:
perimysium.
Compared with the outside of the neuron, the inside has a(n) ____ charge
postive
Aerobic respiration:
produces the maximum amount of energy available from each glucose molecule
The purpose of creatine phosphate in muscle contraction is to
replenish energy supply by donating the phosphate to ADP to make ATP.
When current leaps across an insulating myelin sheath from node to node, the type of impulse conduction is called:
saltatory conduction.
The smallest contractile unit of muscle is a:
sarcomere
Somatic motor neurons stimulate:
skeletal muscle.
The part of the nervous system that transmits impulses from the CNS to the skeletal muscle is the:
somatic nervous system
During a relative refractory period
the action potential can be initiated with a strong stimulus.