Anatomy Chapter 5

epiphyseal plate

a flat plate of hyaline cartilage

osteon

a system of interconnecting canals in the microscopic structure of adult compact bone; unit of bone

osseous tissue

another name for bone tissues is the major structural and supportive connective tissue of the body. Bone tissue forms the rigid part of the bones that make up the skeleton.

epiphyses

are the ends of the long bone

ossification

bone formation when bones develop using hyaline cartilage structures as their "models"

articular cartilage

covers epiphysis's external surface

periosteum

diaphysis is covered and protected by a fibrous connective tissue called this

Haversian system

each complex consisting of central canal and matrix rings is called this

hematopoiesis

formation of blood cells

osteoclasts

giant bone-destroying cells in bones

osteoblasts

hyaline cartilage model is completely covered with bone matrix by bone-forming cells called this

epiphyseal line

in adult bones - a thin line of bony tissue spanning the epiphysis that looks different from rest of bone in that area

yellow marrow/medullary cavity

in adults - cavity of shaft is primarily a storage area for adipose tissue

spongy bone

is composed of small needlelike pieces of bone and lots of open space

compact bone

is dense and looks smooth and homogeneous

calcification

is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue

endosteum

is the membrane lining the medullary cavity

metaphysis

is the region where the diaphysis joins the epiphysis and is the site of the epiphyseal plate

osteocytes

mature bone cells

concentric lamellae

one of the tubular layers of bone surrounding the central canal in an osteon

lacunae

osteocytes are found within the matrix in tiny cavities called this

trabeculae

plates with irregular interconnected spaces in spongy bone

diaphysis

shaft

perforating (Volksmann's) canals

the communication pathway from the outside of the bone to its interior is completed by this

central (Haversian) canals

the lacunae are arranged in concentric circles called lamellae around ________ ________.

canalicuili

tiny canals