Anatomy Exam 5
external carotid artery
Artery that supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck, and sides of the head.
internal carotid artery
Artery that supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear.
ascending aorta
Branches off the left ventricle; carries oxygen rich blood to parts of the body above the heart
brachiocephalic vein
Either of the veins formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins above the heart. Carries deoxygenated blood to right atrium of heart through the anterior vena cava
blood flow through the head and neck on the right side
First blood leaves the ascending aorta through the aortic arch into the left and right common carotid arteries, which supply most of the blood to the head and neck - at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage, they divide into external and internal carotid arteries
internal jugular vein
Located at the side of the neck to collect blood from the brain and parts of the face and neck.
where do common iliac arteries originate?
abdominal aorta gives rise to two common iliac arteries at its termination
descending abdominal aorta
after the descending thoracic aorta passes through the diaphragm, it becomes this
left common carotid artery comes off of the
aortic arch (middle branch)
right and left coronary arteries
are the first branches of the ascending aorta and supply oxygen to the myocardium, because oxygen is essential for normal myocardial contraction
Which have thicker walls, arteries or veins?
arteries
vessels that carry blood away from the heart
arteries and arterioles
first portion of the aorta is called the
ascending aorta
basilar artery is on the base of what?
basilar artery is on the base of the brain
basilar artery
blood vessel from the merged vertebral arteries that runs along the dorsal surface of the brain stem
aortic arch
blood vessels located between ascending and descending aortas that deliver blood to most of the upper body
coronary arteries
blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
aortic arch branches
brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
branches of aortic arch
brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery
what vein is formed from the formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins above the heart?
brachiocephalic vein
internal jugular vein drains
brain, face, neck
branches of brachiocephalic artery on a cat
branches into the right subclavian, right common carotid, and the left common carotid
Venous valves are responsible for
channeling blood toward the heart
what does the name of the descending thoracic aorta change to as it travels into the abdomen?
descending abdominal aorta
subclavian vein
either of the two veins that returns blood from the arms to the heart
what does the brachiocephalic trunk emerge from?
emerges from the aortic arch
what veins combine to form common iliac vein?
external and internal iliac vein for left and right respectively
brachiocephalic vein is formed from the merging of what three veins of the head and neck?
external jugular, internal jugular, and the subclavian vein
pulmonary circulation
flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
what area of the body does the brachiocephalic artery supply?
head and upper limb
Branches of common carotid artery
internal carotid and external carotid
carotid canal allows passage of what vessel?
internal carotid artery
internal carotid artery emerges from what vessel?
internal carotid artery is a terminal branch of the common carotid artery
carotid canal
internal carotid artery passes through
what supplies blood to the ascending aorta?
left ventricle supplies aorta
where do many of the thoracic organs receive much of their blood supply from?
many of the thoracic organs receive much of their blood supply from branches emerging from the descending thoracic aorta.
right common carotid artery comes directly off of the aortic arch T or F?
no, it comes off of the brachiocephalic trunk
celiac trunk
part of the abdominal aorta where arteries branch off to take blood to the stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas
cephalic
pertaining to the head
respiratory pump
pressure changes during breathing move blood toward heart by squeezing abdominal veins as thoracic veins expand
skeletal muscle pump
pumping effect of contracting skeletal muscles on blood flow through underlying vessels
coronary sinus, located in the posterior portion of the coronary sulcus on the diaphragmatic or posterior surface of the heart
receives blood from cardiac veins. (coronary sinus is a collection of smaller veins that merge together to form the sinus (or large vessel), which is located along the heart's posterior (rear) surface between the left ventricle and left atrium)
superior vena cava
receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the heart
what veins merge to form the superior vena cava?
right and left brachiocephalic veins
abdominal aorta branches into
right and left common iliac arteries
right common carotid artery arises from
right common carotid artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk posterior to the right sternoclavicular joint.
ascending aorta branches
right coronary artery and left coronary artery
is brachiocephalic trunk on the right or left side?
right side
branches of brachiocephalic trunk
right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery
what is a way to remember that the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery come off of the aortic arch?
since the heart is on the left side the left arteries don't need a bridge but the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries do
subclavian arteries are a pair of large arteries in the thorax that supply blood to the
subclavian arteries are a pair of large arteries in the thorax that supply blood to the thorax itself, head, neck, shoulder and arms. Depending on the side of the body, it can have two origins: the aortic arch on the left and the brachiocephalic trunk on the right.
subclavian artery is the source for supplying the _________ ______ with arterial blood.
subclavian artery is the source for supplying the upper limb with arterial blood.
right atrium receives blood from
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus
left common carotid artery
supplies left side of head and neck. arises from the aortic arch
left and right coronary arteries
supply blood to the tissues of the heart
anastomosis
surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another
What do the left and right coronary arteries emerge from?
the ascending aorta
ascending aorta
the ascending part of the aorta as it emerges from the left ventricle
internal and external iliac arteries
the common iliac arteries further divide into these
left and right common iliac arteries
the final branches of the aorta
subclavian vein
the vein that provides passageway from the lymphatic system to the vascular system
what area of the body does the internal carotid artery, vertebral artery, and basilar artery supply?
these arteries supply the cranium
how many branches on the aortic arch?
three branches
brachio-
upper arm
do left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery come directly off of the aortic arch?
yes they do come directly off of the aortic arch
Do the internal and external jugular veins meet up with the subclavian vein?
yes, they do meet up with the subclavian vein
vertebral artery
1 of 2 arteries that branch off subclavian arteries, then course up vertebrae into brain
aortic arch
a curved blood vessel from which arteries branch to the head and neck.
basilar artery
An artery, formed by the fusion of the vertebral arteries, that supplies blood to the brainstem and to the posterior cerebral arteries.
Circle of Willis
A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply blood to the brain
inferior vena cava
A vein that is the largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from bodily parts below the diaphragm.
Superior Vena Cava
A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.
Aortic hiatus of diaphragm
For Thoracic Aorta and Thoracic duct T12 Level
Blood flow through the heart
SVC --> Rt atria --> Tricuspid --> Rt ventricle --> Pulmonic valve --> Lungs --> Lt atria --> Mitral valve --> Lt ventricle --> aortic valve --> aorta --> Body
subclavian artery and vein
The answer here is a pair of vessels from each side. On the right one of these vessels is a branch of the brachiocephalic artery. On the left one of these vessels is the fourth branch of the aorta. They run through the thoracic outlet to become the axillary arteries. The other vessels help form the two brachiocephalic veins when they join the external jugular veins. They drain blood from the upper limb back toward the heart.
venous return to the heart
Superior vena cava Blood from head, neck, upper limbs Inferior vena cava Blood from lower limbs, pelvis & perineum, abdomen Both drain into right atrium
external carotid artery
Supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck, and side of the head.
vertebral artery
Supplies blood to the spinal column and brain.
right common carotid artery
Supplies right side of the head and neck; brain
systemic circulation
The branch of the circulatory system that supplies all body organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium via the veins.
external and internal iliac arteries
The common iliac artery bifurcates into the _______ and _______ arteries.
abdominal aorta
The final section of the aorta and the largest artery in the body.
brachiocephalic trunk
The first large artery arising from the aortic arch. It carries oxygenated blood to the neck, head, and right forelimb.
the canal through which the internal carotid artery enters the skull
The internal carotid artery passes from the carotid canal in the base of the skull
what passes through the aortic hiatus?
The thoracic duct and azygos vein pass through the aortic hiatus
The ___________ artery travels through the transverse foramina
The vertebral artery travels through the transverse foramina
left subclavian artery
Third branch of the aortic arch that distributes blood to the left arm
blood vessels coming off of the aorta that supply blood to the myocardium
Two major coronary arteries branch off from the aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet.
external jugular vein
Vein located at the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart from the head, face, and neck.