Anatomy Exam 5

external carotid artery

Artery that supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck, and sides of the head.

internal carotid artery

Artery that supplies blood to the brain, eyes, eyelids, forehead, nose, and internal ear.

ascending aorta

Branches off the left ventricle; carries oxygen rich blood to parts of the body above the heart

brachiocephalic vein

Either of the veins formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins above the heart. Carries deoxygenated blood to right atrium of heart through the anterior vena cava

blood flow through the head and neck on the right side

First blood leaves the ascending aorta through the aortic arch into the left and right common carotid arteries, which supply most of the blood to the head and neck - at the superior border of the thyroid cartilage, they divide into external and internal carotid arteries

internal jugular vein

Located at the side of the neck to collect blood from the brain and parts of the face and neck.

where do common iliac arteries originate?

abdominal aorta gives rise to two common iliac arteries at its termination

descending abdominal aorta

after the descending thoracic aorta passes through the diaphragm, it becomes this

left common carotid artery comes off of the

aortic arch (middle branch)

right and left coronary arteries

are the first branches of the ascending aorta and supply oxygen to the myocardium, because oxygen is essential for normal myocardial contraction

Which have thicker walls, arteries or veins?

arteries

vessels that carry blood away from the heart

arteries and arterioles

first portion of the aorta is called the

ascending aorta

basilar artery is on the base of what?

basilar artery is on the base of the brain

basilar artery

blood vessel from the merged vertebral arteries that runs along the dorsal surface of the brain stem

aortic arch

blood vessels located between ascending and descending aortas that deliver blood to most of the upper body

coronary arteries

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

aortic arch branches

brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

branches of aortic arch

brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

what vein is formed from the formed by the union of the internal jugular and subclavian veins above the heart?

brachiocephalic vein

internal jugular vein drains

brain, face, neck

branches of brachiocephalic artery on a cat

branches into the right subclavian, right common carotid, and the left common carotid

Venous valves are responsible for

channeling blood toward the heart

what does the name of the descending thoracic aorta change to as it travels into the abdomen?

descending abdominal aorta

subclavian vein

either of the two veins that returns blood from the arms to the heart

what does the brachiocephalic trunk emerge from?

emerges from the aortic arch

what veins combine to form common iliac vein?

external and internal iliac vein for left and right respectively

brachiocephalic vein is formed from the merging of what three veins of the head and neck?

external jugular, internal jugular, and the subclavian vein

pulmonary circulation

flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart

what area of the body does the brachiocephalic artery supply?

head and upper limb

Branches of common carotid artery

internal carotid and external carotid

carotid canal allows passage of what vessel?

internal carotid artery

internal carotid artery emerges from what vessel?

internal carotid artery is a terminal branch of the common carotid artery

carotid canal

internal carotid artery passes through

what supplies blood to the ascending aorta?

left ventricle supplies aorta

where do many of the thoracic organs receive much of their blood supply from?

many of the thoracic organs receive much of their blood supply from branches emerging from the descending thoracic aorta.

right common carotid artery comes directly off of the aortic arch T or F?

no, it comes off of the brachiocephalic trunk

celiac trunk

part of the abdominal aorta where arteries branch off to take blood to the stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas

cephalic

pertaining to the head

respiratory pump

pressure changes during breathing move blood toward heart by squeezing abdominal veins as thoracic veins expand

skeletal muscle pump

pumping effect of contracting skeletal muscles on blood flow through underlying vessels

coronary sinus, located in the posterior portion of the coronary sulcus on the diaphragmatic or posterior surface of the heart

receives blood from cardiac veins. (coronary sinus is a collection of smaller veins that merge together to form the sinus (or large vessel), which is located along the heart's posterior (rear) surface between the left ventricle and left atrium)

superior vena cava

receives blood from the head and arms and chest and empties into the right atrium of the heart

what veins merge to form the superior vena cava?

right and left brachiocephalic veins

abdominal aorta branches into

right and left common iliac arteries

right common carotid artery arises from

right common carotid artery arises from the brachiocephalic trunk posterior to the right sternoclavicular joint.

ascending aorta branches

right coronary artery and left coronary artery

is brachiocephalic trunk on the right or left side?

right side

branches of brachiocephalic trunk

right subclavian artery and right common carotid artery

what is a way to remember that the left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery come off of the aortic arch?

since the heart is on the left side the left arteries don't need a bridge but the right common carotid and right subclavian arteries do

subclavian arteries are a pair of large arteries in the thorax that supply blood to the

subclavian arteries are a pair of large arteries in the thorax that supply blood to the thorax itself, head, neck, shoulder and arms. Depending on the side of the body, it can have two origins: the aortic arch on the left and the brachiocephalic trunk on the right.

subclavian artery is the source for supplying the _________ ______ with arterial blood.

subclavian artery is the source for supplying the upper limb with arterial blood.

right atrium receives blood from

superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, coronary sinus

left common carotid artery

supplies left side of head and neck. arises from the aortic arch

left and right coronary arteries

supply blood to the tissues of the heart

anastomosis

surgical joining of two ducts, vessels, or bowel segments to allow flow from one to another

What do the left and right coronary arteries emerge from?

the ascending aorta

ascending aorta

the ascending part of the aorta as it emerges from the left ventricle

internal and external iliac arteries

the common iliac arteries further divide into these

left and right common iliac arteries

the final branches of the aorta

subclavian vein

the vein that provides passageway from the lymphatic system to the vascular system

what area of the body does the internal carotid artery, vertebral artery, and basilar artery supply?

these arteries supply the cranium

how many branches on the aortic arch?

three branches

brachio-

upper arm

do left common carotid artery and left subclavian artery come directly off of the aortic arch?

yes they do come directly off of the aortic arch

Do the internal and external jugular veins meet up with the subclavian vein?

yes, they do meet up with the subclavian vein

vertebral artery

1 of 2 arteries that branch off subclavian arteries, then course up vertebrae into brain

aortic arch

a curved blood vessel from which arteries branch to the head and neck.

basilar artery

An artery, formed by the fusion of the vertebral arteries, that supplies blood to the brainstem and to the posterior cerebral arteries.

Circle of Willis

A circle of arteries at the base of the brain that supply blood to the brain

inferior vena cava

A vein that is the largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from bodily parts below the diaphragm.

Superior Vena Cava

A vein that is the second largest vein in the human body and returns blood to the right atrium of the heart from the upper half of the body.

Aortic hiatus of diaphragm

For Thoracic Aorta and Thoracic duct T12 Level

Blood flow through the heart

SVC --> Rt atria --> Tricuspid --> Rt ventricle --> Pulmonic valve --> Lungs --> Lt atria --> Mitral valve --> Lt ventricle --> aortic valve --> aorta --> Body

subclavian artery and vein

The answer here is a pair of vessels from each side. On the right one of these vessels is a branch of the brachiocephalic artery. On the left one of these vessels is the fourth branch of the aorta. They run through the thoracic outlet to become the axillary arteries. The other vessels help form the two brachiocephalic veins when they join the external jugular veins. They drain blood from the upper limb back toward the heart.

venous return to the heart

Superior vena cava Blood from head, neck, upper limbs Inferior vena cava Blood from lower limbs, pelvis & perineum, abdomen Both drain into right atrium

external carotid artery

Supplies blood to the anterior (front) parts of the scalp, ear, face, neck, and side of the head.

vertebral artery

Supplies blood to the spinal column and brain.

right common carotid artery

Supplies right side of the head and neck; brain

systemic circulation

The branch of the circulatory system that supplies all body organs and then returns oxygen-poor blood to the right atrium via the veins.

external and internal iliac arteries

The common iliac artery bifurcates into the _______ and _______ arteries.

abdominal aorta

The final section of the aorta and the largest artery in the body.

brachiocephalic trunk

The first large artery arising from the aortic arch. It carries oxygenated blood to the neck, head, and right forelimb.

the canal through which the internal carotid artery enters the skull

The internal carotid artery passes from the carotid canal in the base of the skull

what passes through the aortic hiatus?

The thoracic duct and azygos vein pass through the aortic hiatus

The ___________ artery travels through the transverse foramina

The vertebral artery travels through the transverse foramina

left subclavian artery

Third branch of the aortic arch that distributes blood to the left arm

blood vessels coming off of the aorta that supply blood to the myocardium

Two major coronary arteries branch off from the aorta near the point where the aorta and the left ventricle meet.

external jugular vein

Vein located at the side of the neck that carries blood returning to the heart from the head, face, and neck.