Anatomy Final test 2
During endochondral bone formation
All of the answers are correct
Which of the following describes a central canal?
All of the answers are correct
Which of the following contribute to the limitation of movement of a joint?
All of these answers are correct
Which of the following is a function of skeletal muscle?
All of these answers are correct
When contraction occurs
All these answers are correct
What is the mechanism of marrow cavity enlargement in a long bone?
As bone matrix is added to the external surface, osteoclasts remove matrix in the center of the bone to enlarge the cavity
Why are skeletal muscles called voluntary?
The individual can make a conscious decision to contract these muscles
How does an epiphysis contribute to the growth and function of a long bone?
It allows growth at the metaphysis while retaining the shape of the articular surface
The dark staining area of a sarcomere is the
A band
The two types of osseous tissue are
spongy and compact bone
The narrow space just inside the dura mater that is seen in the histological preparations is called the
subdural space
The cervical spinal cord
supplies the shoulder girdle and upper limb
Which is a major function of the skeletal system?
support of the body
A joint that holds skull bones together is called (a)
suture
Which of the following is a classification of a cartilaginous joint?
symphysis
The type of joint formed by the epiphyseal cartilages is called a
synchondrosis
Which of the following is the correct classification for the articulation of the distal ends of the tibia and fibula?
syndesmosis
A long bone increases in length until
the epiphyseal cartilage becomes ossified
The pia mater is
the innermost of the meninges
he sliding mechanism of myofilaments works when
the myosin heads of the thick filaments bind to active sites of the thin filaments
The structural classification of a neuron is based upon
the number of processes that project from the cell body
Components of the central nervous system (CNS) include
the spinal cord and the brain
All of the following are true of fiber tracts in the spinal cord except
the tracts are randomly located with respect to the type of information carried
Which of the following regions of the spinal cord follows typical segmenting without mixing roots
thoracic
Spongy bone is made up of a network of bony spines called
trabeculae
A nerve impulse triggers events at a synapse or junction that
transfer information either to another neuron or to an effector cell
Perforating canals (canals of Volkmann)
transmit blood vessels to osteons in spongy bone
Which of the following associations is the shoulder
triaxial-ball and socket
Actinin can be found at the
Z line
A bone cell that produces new bone matrix is
an osteoblast
The meshwork of elastic fibers that make the arachnoid mater look "webby" are (the)
arachnoid trabeculae
Due to lack of use, a muscle will lose size, tone, and power through the process of
atrophy
The portion of a neuron that carries info in the form of a nerve impulse is called the
axon
The ventral root of a spinal nerve contains
axons of motor neurons
Which of the following is produced within red bone marrow?
blood cells
Pathways leading from the receptors to the CNS are called
both afferent and sensory pathways
Which of the following is the type of muscle found in the heart?
cardiac muscle
Drawing a large circle of a chalkboard is possible by means of ___ at the shoulder joint
circumduction
Layers of bone that go all the way around a bone are referred to as
circumferential lamellae
The body surface region monitored by a specific pair of spinal nerves is called
dermatome
The largest muscle fiber type is
fast fibers
Which of the following fills in space created when bones move and the joint cavity changes
fat pad
The ulnar nerve receives sensory information from the
fifth digit of the hand
Axons crossing over the cord pass through the
gray commissure
The spinal nerves enter and exit the vertebral canal through the
intervertebral foramen
Ligaments inside of a joint capsule are called
intracapsular
The structure that surrounds a diarthrotic joint is called(a)
joint capsule
What movement occurs when the vertebral column bends to the side?
lateral flexion
If all of the glial cells of the nervous system were destroyed, which of the following would occur
less than 20 percent of the cells of the nervous system would remain
Structures that connect bone to bone are called
ligaments
In the process known as Wallerian degeneration,
macrophages remove the debris of damaged axons
An inhibitory response
makes an action potential less likely
An accessory structure of a joint that subdivides a synovial cavity, channels the flow of synovial fluid, or allows for variations in the shapes of the articular surfaces is a
meniscus
A joint that permits free movement in only one direction is a
monaxial joint
Which of these orders of muscle structures progresses from the smallest to largest in diameter?
myofibril, muscle fiber, fascicle, muscle
The structures within the muscle fiber that shorten to cause skeletal muscle fiber contraction are (the)
myofibrils
The surface of the brain is called the
neural cortex
The outermost covering of a myelinated axon is called (the)
neurolemma
Areas of gray matter in the inferior of the CNS form larger groups called
nuclei
Loss of sensation and motor control of the lower limbs is called
paraplegia
Which of the following is an example of a sesamoid bone?
patella
Functions of the peripheral nervous system include
providing sensory information to the CNS and carrying motor commands to the peripheral tissues and systems
Pronation and supination occurs at the
proximal radioulnar joint
Smooth muscles are primarily used to
push substances through tubes
Which of the following is the correct order of mixing in the brachial plexus?
root, trunk. division, cord, peripheral nerves
Which of the following is a type of joint that makes humans unique?
saddle
A skeletal muscle's blood supply is generally best described as
very good
In the skeletal system, compact bone is located
where bones are most heavily stressed
Types of synapses include which of the following
all of these answers are correct
What characteristics of muscle tissue allows it to respond to a stimulation?
excitability
The attachment of a muscle to a bone is called
a capsule
A joint that permits free movement is called
a synovial joint
Over 50 different neurotransmitters have been identified, but the best known is
acetylcholine
A movement toward the longitudinal axis of the body in the frontal plane is
adduction
Pathways that connect the CNS with effector are
all of these answers are correct
The spinal meninges function to
all of these answers are correct
Which of the following associations is most accurate?
diarthroses-synovial
The layers of connective tissue surrounding a skeletal muscle from the inside to the outside in correct order are
endomysium, perimysium, and epimysium
Which of the following neuroglia produce cerebrospinal fluid
ependymal cells
Osseous tissue is classified as which of the following?
epithelial tissue