Anatomy First Semester Review
if the eyepiece of a microscope is 10 X and the low power objective is 10 X, what is the total magnification?
100 X
Which type of epithelial shown above is most likely found leading the gut and functions in the absorption?
A
What is required for active transport to occur?
ATP
Proteins are "packed for delivery" by the:
Glogi apparatus
A droplet of oil is found within the cells of the tissue, which is used for energy storage:
adipose
Metabolism refers to:
all the physical and chemical changes that occur in an organism
All tissues cells attached to an underlying structure called the:
basement membrane
In order for tattoos to not be replaced by new cells, the ink must be injected:
below the basement membrane
Lighter skin may have evolved in northern climates because:
birth defects occur if mothers do not get enough folic acid
Atmospheric pressure is required of human life because it is necessary for:
breathing
The basic unit of structure and function in the human body is the:
cell
Selectively permeable refers to which part of the cell?
cell membrane
Cartlidge cells are also called:
chondrocytes
What organ system functions to transport substances throughout the body?
circulatory
Cartliage is a type of ____ tissue.
connective
Collagenous fibers are associated with what type of tissue?
connective
The four types of tissues are: epithelial, muscle, nervous, and _____.
connective
What type of tissues is the most abundant tissue in the body?
connective
The fluid that the organelles float within is called the:
cytoplasm
The Cartliage that makes up tendons and ligaments is classified as:
dense connective tissue
For a person with epidermolusis bullosa, anchors between which structures are missing?
dermis and epidermidis
What muscle separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity?
diaphragm
When cells become specialized to perform a function, it is called:
differentiation
Oxygen is small enough to pass through the cell membrane as long as the concentration of oxygen is high outside the cell. This type of movement would be referred to as:
diffusion
Simple squamous cells are found in the lungs. These cells are specialized for what function?
diffusion
Muscles or glands that respond to change in the body, such as sweat glands when body is hot:
effectors
Hormone regulation and secretion is the job of this organ system:
endocrine
In order to maintain homeostasis, the body requires a constant supply of:
energy
Based on the illustration, the bag that contains .4M solution will __________ if left in the beaker.
expand
The parietal membrane is the part that:
faces outward, toward the cavity
What cells produce collagen and elastic fibers found in connective tissue?
fibroblasts
This type of Cartliage cushions the vertebrae:
fibrocartilage
These cells are scattered throughout columnar tissue and function to secrete mucus:
goblet cells
Hyponatremia occurs when a person
has too much water in the blood
Cardiac muscle is found exclusively in what organ?
heart
During diffusion, molecules move from an area of ______ concentration to an area of ______ concentration.
high, low
The body's tendency to maintain a stable, balanced internal environment through self-regulating adjustments is called:
homeostasis
This type of Cartliage covers and cushions the bones at their joints:
hyaline
The solution pictured is:
hypotonic
What happens when the body is unable to maintain homeostasis?
illness or death
When blood sugar level drops, the pancreas secretes:
insulin
if a seller is placed in a solution with a high concentration of salt, you would expect for the cell to ______ as a result of ______.
lose water, osmosis
This system functions in the body's defense against infection:
lymphatic
Sometimes the cell commits suicide by releasing the contents of this organelle, which causes the salt to digest itself. What organelle would do this?
lysosome
Digestive enzymes are stored in which structure?
lysosomes
Cells of the connective tissue that functions to consume other cells (such as invading bacteria):
macrophages
Which of the following cells is responsible for the pigmentation of the skin?
melanocytes
Extensions of the cells )larger than the cilia) that are used for absorption or called:
microvilli
Which of the following is an example of a positive feedback loop?
milk production and suckling infants
The process of cellular respiration takes place in which organelle?
mitochondria
Which organelle would you find to be extremely abundant in cells that require a lot of energy, such as a muscle cell?
mitochondria
Ciliated cells are useful for what bodily function?
moving air through the respiratory tract
Cardiac, skeletal and smoother all types of _____ tissue.
muscle
These cells function as support cells and protective cells for neurons:
neurogila
This cell is a main component of the brain and nervous tissue:
neuron
Someone with an abundance of melanocyte who lives in an area with low sunlight may have what problem?
not enough vitamin D
The dark circles on any of the above drawings represent:
nuclei
Which of the following is responsible for the production of ribosomes?
nucleolus
Where is DNA found in the cell?
nucleus
You should carry a microscope with
one hand under the base and one on the arm
Structures inside the cell that perform specific functions are called:
organelles
The study of the FUNCTION of our body's organs, tissues, and system is called:
physiology
A body that is face down is in what position?
prone
The purpose of these cells is:
protection from UV radiation
The rough appearance of some endoplasmic rectilium (rough ER) is caused by?
ribosomes
What structure in the cell is responsible for making protein?
ribosomes
Responsiveness refers to an organism's ability to:
sense changes and react to them
Fluid that lubricates the organs is called:
serous fluid
The normal range for vital signs like temperature, fluctuates around a(n):
set point
The cells that make up the skin, cover organs, and line the esophagus are:
simple cubodial
A cut that only goes through the layer of skin, would be called:
superficial
What structure connects bones to muscles:
tendons
This stretchable tissue can be found where in the body?
the urinary bladder
A group, or mass, of similar cells working together to carry out the same function forms:
tissues
Which type of epithelial tissue is stretchable?
transitional
A function of the endoplasmic reticulum in cells is:
transport of materials throughout the cell
The function of this system is to remove wastes from the blood and maintain water balance.
urinary
Which vital sign would indicate that a person has hyponatremia?
urine sodium levels
Substances are transported through the cell (and even outside of the cell) inside:
vesicles
The dorsal and ventral cavities are filled with organs; as a group they are called ______.
visceral organs