Antagonistic pairs and movement analysis

What is an antagonist muscle?

A muscle that relaxes during joint movement

Which structure connects muscle to bone and allows force to be transmitted from the muscle to move the skeleton?

A tendon connects muscle to bone and transmits force from the muscular system to the skeletal system.

When a player shoots at the goal in netball, the gastrocnemius contracts to produce which movement at the ankle?

Plantar flexion occurs when the gastrocnemius contracts allowing the player to stand on tip toes.

What is the other antagonistic pair for hamstrings?

Quadriceps

Which muscle operates as the antagonistic pair in combination with the hip flexors?

The gluteus maximus and the hip flexors operate as an antagonistic pair and cause hip extension and flexion respectively.

Which muscle group acts as a fixator at the shoulder to stabilise the joint during movement?

The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles which help to stabilise the shoulder joint during dynamic movements and impacts.

Which of the following sporting examples would involve isometric contractions of the quadriceps?

The sprinter is completely still in the "set" position and the quadriceps are contracting isometrically.

Which of these muscles contracts to increase the capacity of the lungs during the breathing in when exercising?

The sternocleidomastoid contracts to deepen our breathing and activates during exercise conditions.

If the biceps contracts and raises the forearm what is the tricep doing?

The triceps relaxes

How do muscles transfer force to bones?

Through the tendons

What is the other antagonistic pair for Gastrocnemius?

Tibialis anterior

What is the other antagonistic pair for biceps?

Triceps

During movement what action is being taken by the antagonist?

Typically a muscle will lengthen and relax during the antagonistic phase.

What is muscle contraction?

Using tendons to move our bones and associated body parts by pulling on them

What is an agonist muscle?

muscle that contracts during movement

Describe how the antagonistic muscle pairs are working at the elbow during the downwards and upwards phase of a press up.

During the downwards phase, the triceps are the agonist and they contract eccentrically to control the flexion of the elbow so the body is lowered under control down towards the floor. The biceps are the antagonist. During the upwards phase, the biceps are the agonist and contract concentrically to extend the elbow and the triceps are the antagonist.

What is the other antagonistic pair for Gluteus maximus?

Hip flexors

Which muscle group contracts to cause horizontal flexion during a punch in boxing?a

Horizontal flexion of the shoulder is produced by contraction of the pectoral muscle group. .

Describe how the antagonistic pairs working when preparing to kick a football

In the preparation phase, when a footballer prepares to kick a football, their hamstrings contract to flex the knee while the quadriceps lengthens to allow the movement. The hamstrings are the agonist and the quadriceps are the antagonist.

Describe how the antagonistic pairs work after contact with the football

In the striking and recovery phase, the quadriceps contract to extend the knee while the hamstrings lengthen to allow the movement. The quadriceps are the agonist and the hamstrings are now the antagonist.

What is the other antagonistic pair for Pectoralis major?

Latissimus dorsi