ANTH 1 Unit 4 Practice Exam
The low levels of genetic variation in contemporary human populations is likely due to the fact that contemporary humans arose from a
Small population recently in the past
Which of the following statements is true?
The expression of any genotype always depends on the environment
Phenotypic traits such as height are
Determined by an interaction between genes and environment
Genetic variation refers to
Differences among individuals in the genes they inherit
Variation refers to
Differences between individuals or populations of individuals
T/F: All observed adaptive differences between individuals are the result of genetic differences
False
T/F: Classification of people in Brazil is based on skin color only
False
T/F: Humans are the only species to exhibit homosexual behaviors
False
T/F: It is easy to determine the relative importance of genetic and environment influences for particular phenotypic traits
False
T/F: Most human genetic variation exists between (not within) races
False
T/F: Natural selection cannot affect behavior
False
T/F: The small amount of genetic variation in living humans indicate that we are descended from a large population of about 1 million people
False
T/F: Variation in mtDNA shows that humans are more genetically variable than other species, such as chimpanzees
False
Modern _____ populations are genetically more variable than other populations
African
Variation within groups refers to differences
Among individuals in the same group and is usually genetic
Evolutionary theory predicts that human females will prefer males who
Can provide the most resources
Sickle-cell anemia
Causes unusually shaped red blood cells
Genetic drift
Causes variation between groups
Natural selection
Causes variation between groups
Adaptive Lag
Causes variation within groups
Balanced Polymorphism
Causes variation within groups
Selection-mutation balance
Causes variation within groups
T/F: Geographical distance is a very good predictor of genetic distance between human population
True
T/F: It is different to determine the source of variation in humans because parents and offspring can share traits because of shared genes, shared environment, or shared culture
True
T/F: On average, males are more concerned about their mates' sexual, rather than their emotional, infidelity than females because of the possibility of their mate's offspring being fathered by another male
True
T/F: Studies of mtDNA indicate that any two humans taken at random from different human populations are more similar to one another than any two chimpanzees taken from different chimpanzee populations
True
T/F: The ability to digest lactose as an adult has evolved since people began domesticating livestock
True
T/F: The gene tree for the complete mitochondrial genomes of people from all over the world indicates that all modern human are descended from an African population
True
Genetic results for "Block" and "White" Brazilians reveal
Little correlation between phenotype and ancestry
Phenotypic traits result
From an interaction of genes and environment
Scientists conventionally divide human variation into which two components?
Genetic and environmental
Classifying humans into races is not possible because
Genetic variation is continuous
Evolutionary theory predicts that human males will prefer females who
Have high reproductive value
T/F: Different traits tend to classify people into different groups
True
Generally, Buss' cross-cultural data show that
Males and females differ in their mate preferences in ways predicted by evolutionary theory
Variation at a single locus can be maintained by
Mutation and heterozygote advantage
A selection-mutation balance occurs when
Mutation introduces alleles that selection does not favor
In Buss' cross-cultural survey of mate preferences he found that males and females most about
Mutual attraction and love
Body size varies among human groups. This variation may be caused in part by
Natural selection
Adaptive lag can cause variation because environments have recently changed and genes that were previously beneficial have not yet been eliminated. This may describe
Non-insulin dependent diabetes (NIDD)
Most modern scientists studying human variation believe that humans can be divided into
One race: Human
T/F: Genetic drift creates genetic variation among isolated groups
True
T/F: Although human mate preferences reflect evolved psychological explanations, they also are strongly influenced by culture, the economic environment, and other contextual factors
True
T/F: Because parental investment lasts for many years, we would expect both men and women to value traits in their partners that help them sustain their relationsips
True
Most genetic variation exists
Within groups of humans