Anthropolgy
Gigantopithecus, the largest primate that ever lived, weighed approximately
300kg
The earth's age is
4.6 billion years old
Based on the molecular clock, it is estimated that the hominid lineage diverged from that of the chimpanzee about
6-8MYA
Y-5 molars appear in
Apes Humans Hominids
The ravine in northern Tanzania where many early hominid fossils have been recovered, often referred to as the "cradle of humankind," is
Olduvai Gorge
If you are digging in a 20,000,000-year-old fossil site in eastern Africa, which primate are you most likely to come across?
Proconsul
The head of the humerus is at the _________ end of the bone.
Proximal
Which bone does not make up a part of the os coxa?
Sacrum
The English surveyor who developed the technique of stratigraphic correlation between regions was
William Smith
The presence of five digits on hands and feet is
a primitive mammalian trait, retained in most primates
Which of the following is not one of the main hypotheses to explain primate origins?
aquatic ape hypothesis
Polygynous societies
are groups where males have more than one partner.
Prehensile tails:
are present only in some platyrrhines
During the Holocene artifacts like __________ began to appear.
ceramics
Apes went extinct in southern Europe (e.g., France, Spain, Italy, Greece) during the late Miocene, probably as the result of
climate change
The space between the canine and the first premolar in the lower jaw of some primates is a(n)
diastema
Eras are
divisions in geologic time divided into periods and epochs.
Rodman and McHenry's hypothesis to account for the success of the bipedal adaptation in early hominids involves mainly
energetic efficiency in moving between patches of forest.
Males have fewer ribs than females.
false
Primates spend less than 25% of the day foraging
false
The fibula is a weight-bearing bone
false
Some of the best information on climate history is based on the study of:
foraminifera
Australopithecus garhi has been proposed as an ancestor for Homo mainly because
it had longer legs relative to arm length.
Which type of vertebra is most adapted to weight-bearing?
lumbar
Owen Lovejoy's model for the origin of bipedalism focuses on
males provisioning females and young
Anthropoids include
monkeys, apes, and humans
All of the anthropoids live in social groups EXCEPT
orangutans
A diagram (family tree) that proposes hypothetical ancestor-descendant relationships between species is a
phylogeny
The two suborders of primates are
prosimians and anthropoids
The theory that species persist for long periods and then undergo rapid spurts of evolutionary change is
punctuated equilibrium
The study of what happens to an organism's remains after death is
taphonomy
Fission-fusion groups break apart and reunite depending on food supply
true
Male chimpanzees' hunting success is greater when they hunt in groups
true
The hands and feet are analagous structures because they shared the same function in our distant evolutionary past
true
The human dental formula is 2:1:2:3
true
There are typically 206 bones in the human skeleton.
true
Variability in female primate reproduction is usually related to
variation in access to high-protein, easily digestible food dominance rank