anthropology midterm

Koko and Washo were two primates who had learned

American Sign Language

Who are the Narcerima?

Americans

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", which of the following is NOT typical of child-rearing practices in the United States.

Bed-sharing with child

"Why Isn't the Sky Blue": Which society was the earliest to have a term for the color blue in the written literature?

Egyptians

Anthropologists think that the first hominin capable of speaking in sounds, not signals, was:

Homo erectus

Which hominin was the first stone tool maker (according to the lecture)?

Homo habilis

Becoming Human: The _______________ is a deep furrow in a primate's brain. It divides parts of the brain related to vision from the rest of the neocortex, which is where more complex thought happens.

Lunate Sulcas

This school of anthropological thought stresses the interrelationship among the natural conditions in the environment and society:

Neoevolutionism

The ability to touch the thumb with the tips of the other fingers on the same hand is called:

Opposability

Which of the following is NOT one of the four major sub-fields of anthropology?

Paleontology

In archaeology, this is a division of prehistory based on gross changes in subsistence patterns, climatic changes, housing and burial styles, etc.

Period

Which of the following is NOT a part of a human's taxonomic classification?

Plattyrhine

Reading your textbook is an example of:

Symbolic Learning

The primary result of natural selection is:

To maintain a species' adaptation to its niche

Clyde Kluckhohn argued that both biological and cultural aspects of humanity must be seen as a continuum of small changes.

True

In "Radio Lab: Why Isn't the Sky Blue", how did Guy Deutsher's daughter Alma initially describe the sky?

White

According to "Our Babies Ourselves", the goal of child-rearing in any society is to make the child:

a culturally appropriate adult

Which project would likely require the assistance of a geomorphologist?

a study of landscape change

What kind of data do anthropologists gather from doing interviews?

all of the above

When cultural anthropologists go into the field

all of the above

In which of the following locations would you likely find an anthropologist doing fieldwork?

any of the above

A quantitative approach to studying the archaeological past would be most interested in

building and testing hypotheses by collecting, classifying, and measuring the remains of past cultures

Cultural anthropologists do research by

building trusting relationships with people over a long period of time

According to the "Survival of the Fittest" video , what trait of the Rock Pocket Mouse was best adapted to survival on the lava flow?

dark fur

When children in the United States reach a certain age, they often move out of their parents' home and into their own living space, something anthropologists refer to as

dispersal

Being able to communicate about things not currently present in space and time is known as:

displacement

The process of learning culture from a very young age is called

enculturation

Assuming your culture's way of doing things is the best described as

ethnocentrism

According to "Evolution as Fact and Theory", being an evolutionary scientist means you do not believe in a higher power.

false

All humans are born with some culture.

false

In order to study culture one must travel to distant, far-off places.

false

It is easy to identify direct causal links between genes and behavior.

false

Languages always change very slowly, taking generations or even centuries.

false

Old World monkeys are exclusively terrestrial dwellers.

false

A form of non-portable material culture that a human has made and modified is called a/an____________.

feature

Shaking hands when you meet someone is an example of a

folkway

The theory of culture that proposes that cultural practices, beliefs, and institutions fulfill the psychological and physical needs of society is called

functionalism

Uniformitarianism is the idea that change occurs:

gradually and through the result of processes that are still observable today.

Alfred Russell Wallace is known for:

hitting upon the idea of natural selection at about the same time as Darwin

The key scenario differs from other kinds of symbols because it

implies how people should act

Which of the following is not one of the key benefits of full-time bipedalism?

increases speed against predators

The subfield of anthropology that studies language use is called

linguistic anthropology

Anthropologist Sherry Ortner distinguished three kinds of culturally powerful symbols that include all of the following except

narrative symbols

If you observed gradual changes in environmental temperature and, at the same time, observed that there were changes in the phenotype of a butterfly species over fifteen generations, which theory might best help explain what is going on?

natural selection

What is the tool tradition associated with Homo habilis?

oldowan

When anthropologists study the way people use language in real settings rather than as a set of grammatical rules, they are focusing on

parole

The structuralist approach to culture theorizes what?

people make sense of the world through binary oppositions (e.g., raw/cooked)

Cultural anthropologists face an ethical responsibility in their work and so must disclose to informants

reasons for doing the research

Among the Bonobo chimpanzees, social conflict is often resolved through sexual activity. This is a form of

reconciliation

Paleoanthropologists believe that the predominant diet of our earliest omnivorous ancestors consisted mostly of

roots, tubers, and fruits

Anthropologists overcome ethnocentrism by

seeing matters from the point of view of another culture

One compelling argument that favors the adaptation of bipedalism and the ability to run long distances is that early hominins, unlike many of the animals they sought as prey, had

the ability to sweat

A qualitative approach to studying social life in your university would emphasize all of the following except

the construction of statistical models to explain activities in the community

A distinguishing feature of most australopithecines is their high degree of sexual dimorphism.

true

Gene flow is the movement of genetic material across different populations.

true

Most people are unaware of the structure of a language until someone speaking it makes a mistake.

true

Primates often live in groups in order to avoid predators.

true

The comparative method

uses data from many different societies

Becoming Human: According to a technique called the "molecular clock," humans and chimpanzees last shared a common ancestor about ________ years ago

5 to 7 million