AP Human Geo: Unit 4 and Unit 6

¡Supera tus tareas y exámenes ahora con Quizwiz!

Isogloss

Definition: A boundary in which a linguistic feature occurs Example: The South's distinct boundary form the Midwest for the word used for a soft drink Rating: 5

Cultural Hearth

Definition: A main source of a major culture Example: Africa Sentence: Cultural Hearth are often the main location of innovation in an area Rating: 4

Ethnic Neighborhood

Definition: A neighborhood built within a city used to practice the culture of a certain group of people Example: Little Havana in Miami Sentence: Ethnic Neighborhoods are used t sustain immigrant culture. Rating:4

Custom

Definition: A practice that a group of people regularly follow Example: Muslims praying 7 times a day Sentence: Customs are prone to changing, however only in small ways over time. Rating: 5

Culture Trait

Definition: A single element of a culture Example: The Turban Sentence: The bindi is a cultural trait of Indian culture, usually worn by Indian girls and women Rating: 5

Nostratic

Definition: Ancestor of Proto-Indo-European Sentence: Nostratic language is though of to be the predecessor of the Proto-Indo-European language Rating: 3

Proto-Indo-European

Definition: Ancestral Indo-European language Sentence: The Proto-Indo-European language is believed to be the hearth of ancient Latin,Greek,Sanskrit Rating:5

Folk Culture

Definition: Culture concentrated in a small area and spread by customs and traditions Example:The Hutterites Sentence:Folk culture is promoted by isolation from physical and political boundaries. Rating: 5

Popular Culture

Definition: Culture spread in large heterogeneous societies that share certain habits and customs Example: McDonald's Sentence:Popular culture is spread by television and other forms of media, manifesting to even the most isolated countries. Rating: 5

Local Culture

Definition: Culture that pertains only to a certain group of people Example:The Metea Valley Mustangs Sentence:School spirit is an example as a group of people keep and spread a culture through tradition Rating:5

Non-Material Culture

Definition: Culture that pertains to he values, morals, and beliefs of a group of people. Example: The Hindu's belief of the sacred of the cow. Sentence:Non-material culture is spread by the customs and traditions spread over time Rating: 5

Material Culture

Definition: Culture that pertains to the material aspects of culture. Example: Traditional Flamenco Dresses Sentence:Material culture consist of the food,clothing and technologies. Rating: 5

Commodification

Definition: Giving a monetary value to something that wasn't previously regarded as merchandise. Example: A celebrity's used tissue Sentence: eBay is seen a a source of commodification as may previously worthless things are sold on there for hundred, even thousands. Rating: 4

Language Families

Definition: Global classification of languages Example: Indo-European Sentence: Language families are the main classification of languages. Rating: 4

Sub-Families

Definition: Sub groups within a language family Example: Germanic Sentence: Germanic, Romance, and Slavic are sub-families of Indo European countries Rating: 5

Language Convergence

Definition: The collision of two languages Example: Sentence: Languages that are extinct usually collide with a more popular language Rating: 3

Global- Local Continuum

Definition: The cultural borrowing and mixing of ideas Example: A Japanese Disney World Sentence: The Global-Local Continuum shows that what happens in one place is often dependent of what happened elsewhere Rating: 2

Language Divergence

Definition: The division of one language Example: The Quebecois French Sentence: Language divergence reflects the isolation of culture Rating: 4

Dialect Chains

Definition: The idea that dialects closest to each other are closely related as dialects further are less related. Example: English more similar in New York and New Jersey than it is in New York and Texas Rating: 5

Assimilation

Definition: The loss of one culture in exchange for another Example: The Native Americans forced to assimilate by the Europeans in the 1800's. Sentence: Assimilation can also be forceful as well as natural. Rating: 5

Placelessness

Definition: The loss of uniqueness of a place Example: A road with popular stores that looks like it could be anywhere in the U.S. Sentence: The malls of the U.S. have a sense of placelessness because they all appear to be carbon copies of each other Rating: 4

Toponyms

Definition: The name of a place Example: Aurora, Illinois Sentence: Toponyms can reflect the history,culture, and physical features of a place.

Diffusion Routes

Definition: The path which shows the way an idea or phenomenon spreads Example: Figure 4.19 on pg 122 Sentence: The map on pg. 122 shows the diffusion routes of several styles of houses. Rating: 5

Glocalization

Definition: The process in which a local culture adapts a global or regional idea and alters it Example: Chinese Food Sentence: American adapted Chinese food to a delicacy that would never be eaten in China Rating: 2

Cultural Appropriation

Definition: The process in which cultures adopt aspects from another culture for their own benefit Example: The U.S. colonies adapting the ancient Greek's idea of democracy Sentence: Cultural appropriation is a concern for local cultures because it is being used to generate wealth and prestige by outside cultures Rating: 5

Neolocalism

Definition: The seeking out of regional culture in response to uncertainty of the modern world Example:Young couples moving to start a family Sentence: The Chinese moving to a Chinatown neighborhood is an example of neolocalism as they move in order to be in a more familiar regional location.

Sound Shift

Definition: The slight shift in pronunciation in a language Example: Latin word word for milk is Lacte, Spanish= Leche Sentence: Sound shift reflects the connection two cultures have Rating: 4

Official Language

Definition: The standard language used in a country Example:English is the official language of USA. Sentence: Official Language reflects the history of colonization of a place Rating: 4

Deep Reconstruction

Definition: The technique used to re-create extinct language Example: See example Back Reconstruction Sentence: See sentence Backward Reconstruction Rating:4

Backward Reconstruction

Definition: The technique used to trace the origins of a language Example: Russian scholars tracing back the history of Proto-Indo-European. Sentence:The Russian scholars used Backward reconstruction to trace back the history of the Proto-Indo-European Rating: 4

Dispersal Theory

Definition: Theory that PIE language diffused by spread across the Mediterranean Example: The Dispersal Theory holds that Ancient Turkey was the hearth of PIE and spread southbound. Rating:3

Renfrew hypothesis

Definition: Theory that agricultural hearths in the Fertile Crescent birth 3 language families Sentence: Created by Colin Renfrew, the idea that Proto-Indo-European language diffused by agriculural diffusion. Rating: 4

Conquest Theory

Definition: Theory that conquest diffused Proto-Indo-Europeon language Sentence: The conquest theory is backed by evidence eof sound shifts. Rating: 2

Reterritorialization

Definition: When a people in a specific place create an aspect of culture themselves Example: Gangsta Rap Sentence: The Narcoriddos are an example of reterritorialization as the created Narco music as an aspect of Latin music Rating:5

Mutual Intelligibility

Definition: When two people can understand each other when speaking Example: Two Spanish speakers having a conversation Sentence: The translator and the French politician had mutual intelligibility as the both clearly understood each other Rating: 4

Dialect

Definition:, A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation Example: Southern Accent Sentence: My mother's family who live in rural Missouri speak in a distinct dialect Rating:5

Language

Definition:A system of word meanings and symbols for a culture; includes gestures and other nonverbal communication. Example: English Sentence: My first language is English but I can also speak Spanish Rating: 5

Extinct Langauges

Definition:Language that no longer has native speakers Sentence:Extinct Languages reveals a place isolation from anoter culture Rating:4

Cultural Landscape

Definition:Refers to the imprint of culture left by a society Example: The Colosseum Sentence: Cultural landscape can include buildings left by a society as well as ideas and customs Rating:4

Time-Space Compression

Definition:The idea that the more places technologically connected, the less time it takes for culture to diffuse Example: A fashion trend spreading from Paris to New York Sentence: As technology innovates faster than the eye can see nowadays, time-space compression is much more common. Rating: 5

Lingua Franca/Global Language Pidgin Language Creole Language

Similarities: All are intertwined as a pidgin can be a Lingua Franca, and a Creole can be a pidgin Differences: Lingua Franca- Main Language used in foreign affairs and commerce Pidgin: Simplification of two different languages Creole: A complex Pidgin language that blends multiple languages Rating: 5

Romance Germanic Slavic

Similarities: All subgroups of IE language Differences: Romance- Italian, French, Spanish Germanic- German, English, Dutch Slavic- Polish, Russian, Czech Rating: 5

Monolingual States Multilingual States

Similarities: Refer to the diversity of lack thereof language in a place Difference: Monolingual refers to a place with one language Multilingual-Refers to a place with multiple languages Rating:4


Conjuntos de estudio relacionados

WileyPLUS. Chapter 22. The Lymphatic System and Immunity.

View Set

BIO 202, Unit 1, Adrenal Medulla Hormones

View Set

Pediatric Medication Administration and Calculations

View Set

Econ: Answers from other versions of exam 3

View Set

Ch 22 - Pts w/ Oral & Esophageal Disorders; Pts Receiving Gastrointestinal Intubation, Enteral, & Parenteral Nutrition

View Set

What is your name? 你叫什么名字?

View Set