AP Human Geography Chapter 1: Test Review, AP Human Geography Chapter 1 Multiple Choice Test
Culture means to: A. Care about and nurture something. B. Nurture the growth of a plant but not ideas, custom, or beliefs. C. Develop new varations. D. Discard effective practices. E. Teach art, music, and literature.
A. Care about and nurture something.
A computer system that stores, organizes, retrieves, analyzes, and displays geographic data is: A. GIS B. GPS C. remote-sensing D. USGC E. topographic analysis
A. GIS
A Vernacular region A. Is based on the perception of the local people B. Has clearly defined boundaries C. Is a product of political, economic or social interaction D. Is based on physical criteria such as soil type or precipitation E. Is determined by an informal sense of place
A. Is based on the perception of the local people
The fourth indicator of location is by latitude and longitude. This mathematical concept consists of the following elements. A. Meridians as part of longitude and parallels as part of latitude B. Meridian as part of latitude, and parallels as part of longitude C. None of the above
A. Meridians as part of longitude and parallels as part of latitude
Wall Street, the economic focus of the world, is what kind of region? A. Nodal B. Homogeneous C. Vernacular D. None of the above
A. Nodal
A ships position is given at 0° latitude and 27° West longitude. We can conclude from this information that the ship is located: A. On the equator and in the Atlantic ocean. B. At the north or south pole and in the Arctic Ocean. C. On the prime meridian and in the Atlantic ocean. D. Astride the international dateline in the Pacific ocean. E. Equidistant between the prime meridian and the international dateline.
A. On the equator and in the Atlantic ocean
Location is identified geographically in the following ways. A. Place-name, site, situation, mathematical location B. Size, its relationship to the nearest natural land form, age C. Population, northern or southern hemisphere, climate D. All of the above
A. Place-name, site, situation, mathematical location
If a geographer uses some of the components and applications of a computer system to organize and display maps, but she doesn't use it for other functions: A. She is still using a GIS, although she may not be using all of its potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data. B. She is still utilizing a GPS, although she may not be using all of its potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data. C. She is using only the components of a remote sensing system, because she is not storing, organizing, retrieving, and analyzing she is using only the components of a remote sensing system, because she is not storing, organizing, retrieving, and analyze data. D. She is not using a GIS, because she is not using all of the systems potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data. E. She is using only the topographic analysis functions, because she is not using all of its potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data.
A. She is still using a GIS, although she may not be using all of its potential to store, organize, retrieve, and analyze data.
True/False: A Vernacular Region is the same thing as a Perceptual Region A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: A formal region contains a selected feature or trend throughout. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: According to Kant, thinking about spatial arrangements is to the study of geography as the arrangement of events in temporal sequence is to the study of history. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: Alexander von Humboldt and Carl Ritter believed that human geographers should apply laws from the natural sciences to understanding relationships between the physical environment and human actions - a geographic approach sometimes known as cultural ecology. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: Arithmetic density consists of two measures, with area being one of them. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: Environmental determinism is the belief that the physical environment is a significant causal factor in human behavior. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: Initially developed for military applications and commercial aviation, GPS devices are now common to personal and recreational activities. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: Regional studies, a school of geographic thought sometimes referred to as the cultural landscape approach, was initiated in France during the 19th century. One of the most famous American geographers to adopt this approach was Carl Sauer of the University of California, Berkeley. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: Remote sensing data is information collected from a distance. From a distance is generally considered to be large - hundreds of miles or more. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: Some attempts to alter the physical environment for the betterment of humans, like water-control efforts in South Florida, have had unforeseen and negative consequences. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: The concept of culture has several meanings. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: The concept of space-time compression suggests that innovations in transportation and communication have effectively shrunk our world. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: The concept of standard time zones was established by U.S. railroads in the 19th century. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: The smallest feature on Earth's surface that can be detected by a sensor is the resolution of the scanner. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: The sunbelt and the frostbelt are vernacular regions. A. True B. False
A. True
True/False: With much of the city of New Orleans prone to flood hazard, its situation is clearly more important than its site. A. True B. False
A. True
Driving around to gather information for street navigation devices is called: A. Ground truthing B. Remote sensing C. GIS programming D. GPS grounding E. GPS
A. ground truthing
Situation identifies a place by its: A. Location relative to other objects or places. B. Mathematica location on earth surface. C. Nominal location. D. Unique, internal physical and cultural characteristics. E. Primary dimensions.
A. location relative to other objects or places.
You are given the coordinates 128 E longitude, 45 N latitude this is an example of a: A. mathematical location B. placename on the grid system C. situation on the grid system D. mathematical grid interchange E. site-situation intersection
A. mathematical location
You see the coordinates 5 E longitude, 10 N latitude. You do not need to look at a map in order to deduce that this location is: A. near both the equator and the prime meridian. B. near the equator but quite far from the prime meridian. C. near the international dateline as well as the North Pole. D. near the international dateline and the prime meridian. E. near both the equator and the international dateline.
A. near both the equator and the prime meridian.
The coordinates 150 E longitude, 89 N latitude are: A. Near both the international dateline and the North Pole. B. Near the equator but quite far from the prime meridian. C. Near the international dateline and the equator. D. Near the north pole and the prime meridian. E. Near both the Tropic of Cancer and the international dateline.
A. near both the international dateline and the North Pole.
Greenwich Mean Time is measured from: A. 0° latitude B. 0° longitude C. 90° latitude D. 180° longitude E. 90° longitude
B. 0° longitude
A map generally has all of the following attributes EXCEPT: A. Two-dimensional B. 1:1 scale C. Spatial data D. Symbolic representation
B. 1:1 scale
Which map scale shows the most detail? A. 1:250,000 B. 1:24,000 C. 1:100,000 D. 1:62,500
B. 1:24,000
What map scale would a cartographer choose if one inch of road on a map represents 54,000 inches on the ground? A. 54,000:1 B. 1:54,000 C. 24,000: 1 D. 1:24,000
B. 1:54,000
The art and science of making maps is: A. Cardemography B. Cartography C. Topography D. Geomorphology E. Geography
B. Cartography
Spatial concentration consists of two types. A. Density, patterned B. Clustered, dispersed C. Staggered, linear D. All of the above E. None of the above
B. Clustered, dispersed
Spatial distribution consists of the following properties. A. People, buildings, cars B. Density, concentration, pattern C. Towns, cities, states D. All of the above E. None of the above
B. Density, concentration, pattern
According to the surviving evidence the first person to write the word geography was: A. Aristotle B. Eratosthenes C. Strabo D. Thales of Miletus E. Thucydides
B. Eratosthenes
True/False: A Formal Region is the same thing as a Vernacular Region A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: GIS is the acronym for Geologic Influenced Survey. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: It is not necessary to use both longitude and latitude to identify locations. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: Mariners of the so-called Age of Exploration could determine longitude more easily than latitude. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: Regional (area) analysis emphasizes interactions among places, whereas spatial (locational) analysis integrates the geographic feature of an area. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: Satellite-based remote sensing does not have sufficient resolution for crop identification. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: The diffusion of AIDS cases in the United States progressed from the West Coast, through the middle states, and eventually reached the cities of the East Coast. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: The greatest disadvantage in using a Mercator map projection is the shape is significantly distorted. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: The prime meridian passes through the Royal Observatory in London, England. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: The township and range system of land surveying is most common in New England and other Eastern Seaboard states. A. True B. False
B. False
True/False: There are inhabited areas in the world, such as New Guinea and Patagonia, that do not have a place-name. A. True B. False
B. False
Which city is located eight hours earlier than London (Greenwich)? A. Chicago B. Los Angeles C. Honolulu D. Denver E. New York
B. Los Angeles
Storefronts along Fifth Avenue in New York City consist of which kind of spatial distribution? A. Dispersed B. Patterned C. Staggered D. All of the above
B. Patterned
The Spanish language concentration of Little Havana in Miami is an example of what type of diffusion? A. Stimulus diffusion B. Relocation diffusion C. Expansion diffusion D. Hierarchical diffusion
B. Relocation diffusion
Each group which inhabits an area leaves an imprint on the landscape. The imprint of earlier groups is present and can influence the landscape in the future. This concept is A. Spatial interaction B. Sequent occupance C. Connectivity D. Future imprinting E. Spatial perspective
B. Sequent occupance
An example of a perceptual region is which of the following? A. The wheat growing region B. The South C. The Sahara Desert D. Nevada E. A radio station listening area
B. The South
Identify the incorrect statement. A. The equator (0º latitude) is the parallel with the largest circumference and is the place where every day has 12 hours of daylight. B. The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels is called longitude. C. Every meridian has the same length and the same beginning and end points. D. Longitude, a human creation, runs through Greenwich because England was the world's most powerful country in the eighteenth century, when meridians were first measured. E. Parallels are circles drawn around the globe parallel to the equator at right angles to the meridians.
B. The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels is called longitude.
The state of Texas is best considered a formal region because: A. Only one language is spoken in most of the cities of the region. B. The same state laws apply everywhere in the region. C. The climate is the same everywhere in the region. D. Transportation systems converge in the major highways of the region. E. It is a part of the United States.
B. The same state laws apply everywhere in the region.
Which statement is more accurate? A. Every meridian is actually a circle rather than a curved line. B. Every meridian is the same length and has the same beginning and end. C. Every parallel begins and ends at the polls. D. Every parallel is the same length. E. Every meridian is distorted by magnetic declination.
B. every meridian is the same length and has the same beginning and end.
Distortion is especially severe and apparent on: A. globes B. small-scale maps C. large-scale maps D. topographic maps E. all maps
B. small-scale maps
The most fundamental concept in geography is A. The physical landscape B. Human-environment relationship C. Location D. Regional studies
C. Location
An example of stimulus diffusion is A. Diseases, such as influenza B. Rap music C. McDonald's Vegetable Burger w/cheese D. Catholicism in Mexico E. Ideas on the World Wide Web
C. McDonald's Vegetable Burger w/cheese
An area distinguished by one or more unique characteristics is a: A. Biome B. landscape C. region D. uniform unit E. ecosystem
C. Region
New York City's _________ is approximately 100 miles northwest of Philadelphia and 100 miles southwest of Boston: A. location B. site C. situation D. toponym E. jurisdiction
C. Situation
The concept that the distribution of one phenomenon is related to the location of other phenomena is: A. Geographic analysis B. Spatial analysis C. Spatial association D. Spatial distribution E. Regional Association
C. Spatial association
Identify the characteristic of situation, the third way to indicate location. A. Direction B. Position or status with regards to conditions and circumstances C. The location of a place relative to other places D. Time and place
C. The location of a place relative to other places
Geographers call the name given to a portion of Earth's surface as its A. Toposequence B. Topohilia C. Toponym D. Topography
C. Toponym
Select the most incorrect statement. A. Chile is depicted as having undifferentiated highlands. B. California has a Mediterranean climate. C. Uruguay's climate is classified as similar to Equador's. D. Madagascar's west coast is classified as seasonally humid tropical. E. The region immediately south of the Sahel is classified as similar.
C. Uruguay's climate is classified as similar to Equador's.
Without glancing at a map, we can guess that the coordinates 178 E longitude, 20 S latitude are likely: A. Just east of the international dateline in the Pacific ocean. B. In the Pacific ocean just north of the equator. C. In the Pacific ocean just west of the international dateline. D. Just west of the prime meridian in the Atlantic Ocean. E. Just south of the equator in the Atlantic ocean.
C. in the Pacific ocean just west of the international dateline
Without looking at a map, we might deduce that the coordinates 170 W longitude, 11 S latitude are likely: A. Just west of the international dateline and just north of the equator. B. Just south of the equator and just east of the prime meridian. C. Just east of the international dateline and just south of the equator. D. Just east of the prime meridian and just south of the equator. E. Just south of the international dateline and just east of the equator.
C. just east of the international dateline and just south of the equator.
If we did not have a map handy, we would deduce that the coordinates 171 E longitude, 12 S latitude are likely: A. Just east of the international dateline and just north of the equator. B. Just south of the equator and just east of the prime meridian. C. Just west of the international dateline and just south of the equator. D. Just west of the prime meridian and just south of the equator. E. Just south of the international dateline and just east of the equator.
C. just west of the international dateline and just south of the equator.
Global positioning system reference _______ location: A. relative B. situational C. mathematical D. toponymic E. exact
C. mathematical
The acquisition of data about earths surface from a satellite, spacecraft, or a specially equipped high-latitude balloon is: A. GIS B. GPS C. remote sensing D. aerial photography E. USGS
C. remote-sensing
A geographer would be primarily interested in determining or locating a suitable __________ if he were wishing to study a remote, rural valley in western Africa where diamonds are mined. A. geocache B. site C. situation D. toponym E. jurisdiction
C. situation
If NASA sends a space probe into orbit around mars, and that probe transmits images of the Martian surface back to earth, we could say that: A. The space probe is gathering surface data, but it cannot be described as engaging in remote sensing because this is an operation that, by definition, can only be accomplished from Earth orbit. B. The space probe is generating data for GPS. C. The space probe is engaging in remote-sensing, although it is gathering data from a planet other than earth. D. The probe is engaging in aerial photography, although it is taking it's "pictures" from outer space. E. The USGC has programmed the space probe to mimic the work of earth satellites.
C. the Space probe is engaging in remote-sensing, although it is gathering data from a planet other than earth.
If the scale of a map is 1:100,000, then 1 cm on the map represents _________ on earth surface. A. 1 kilometers B. 10 kilometers C. 10,000 kilometers D. 100,000 kilometers E. 1000 centimeters
D. 100,000 kilometers
The international dateline is measured approximately from: A. 0° latitude B. 0° longitude C. 90° latitude D. 180° longitude E. 90° longitude
D. 180° longitude
Transferring locations from Earth's surface to a flat map is called projection. What types of distortion can occur in this transference? A. The distance between two points may be incorrect. B. The direction from one place to another can be distorted. C. The relative size of different areas may be altered. D. The shape of an area can be distorted. D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which is the correct written scale that describes the relation between map and Earth distances in words? A. 1 foot represents 500 miles B. 1 inch represents 1 mile C. 1 inch represents 1 handlength D. All of the above
D. All of the above
Which of the following are fundamental elements of culture?: A. Customary beliefs, volcanic mountain ranges, and river settlements. B. Material beliefs, customary forms, physical norms, and material social traits. C. Social forms, material traits, customary beliefs, and physical environments. D. Customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms. E. Physical environments and material traits.
D. Customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms.
A map projection may distort a continent, making it appear stretched in some areas and smashed in others in order to: A. Distort the shapes of other continents. B. Distort the distances and relative sizes of countries and continents. C. Depict a map that accurately represents a globe in every detail. D. Depict accurately the physical area of a country or continent. E. Depict accurately the shape of that same continent.
D. Depict accurately the physical area of a country or continent.
The nine regions that the census bureau has established within the United States are examples of: A. Governmental regions B. functional regions C. nodal regions D. formal regions E. vernacular regions
D. Formal regions
A formal region which of the following? A. Is based on the perception of the local people B. Includes the core and periphery of economic development C. Is a product of political, economic or social interaction D. Has clearly defined physical criteria, cultural traits or governmental boundary E. Is centered around a node
D. Has clearly defined physical criteria, cultural traits or governmental boundary
A mathematical process for transferring locations from a globe to a flat map is a: A. distribution B. interruption C. rendition D. scale E. projection
E. projection
What region is most commonly identified as part of the sunbelt? A. South-central Arizona B. New Orleans C. Central Texas D. Virginia E. South Florida F. Los Angeles-San Diego
F. Los Angeles-San Diego
What elements of study do human and physical geography have in common? A. They are taught or studied within the same department in major universities, but only rarely. B. They're concerned with where things occur and why they occur where they do. C. They are deadly dedicated primarily to managing national parks systems. D. They are focused primarily on managing the worlds growing human population. E. They represent a network of academic professionals dedicated primarily to studying coal mining's effects on physical and human systems.
B. they are concerned with where things occur and why they occur where they do.
If it is 12:00 noon Greenwich Mean Time (GMT), what time will it be in Los Angeles, California? A. 3:00 pm B. 7:00 am C. 4:00 am D. 8:00 pm
C. 4:00 am
A geographer might use a GPS to: A. Log of the locations where photographs were taken, but not to find the best route to a store. B. Make a map but not to drive a car. C. Find the best route to a store or log the locations where photographs were taken. D. Record toponyms and terracentric calculations. E. Make a map or find a route to a favorite store, But not to log the locations where photographs were taken over the course of a research project.
C. Find the best route to a store or log the locations where photographs were taken.
The cultural hearth of Christianity is A. Rome B. Mecca C. Jerusalem D. Egypt E. Bethlehem
C. Jerusalem
We can judge from the various kinds of maps shown in this chapter that: A. Fairly accurate navigational maps could only be produced after the start of the Industrial Revolution. B. The first "true" maps appeared because of modern printing presses in the 20th century. C. Sailors during the European Renaissance had paper maps that were far more useful to them then were the "stick charts" possessed by the Polynesian sailors and fishers. D. Maps have appeared in many forms in different societies and times including modern paper maps, GPS in cars, the "stick charts" of Polynesia, and the card carved maps of ancient Turkey. E. Maps that distort the sizes of Greenland and Antarctica are generally the best, although they make Africa and South America appear too small while simultaneously expanding the size of Europe.
D. Maps have appeared in many forms in different societies and times including modern paper maps, GPS in cars, the "stick charts" of Polynesia, and the card carved maps of ancient Turkey.
Site is one of four ways to identify location. What are the other three ways to answer the "where" question? A. Climate, topography, altitude B. Water sources, soil, vegetation C. Latitude, elevation, place-name D. Mathematical location, situation, place-name E. All of the above
D. Mathematical location, situation, place-name
Land reclamation in the form of polders and dikes has dramatically changed the ecology of: A. Nicaragua B. Nevada C. Namibia D. The Netherlands
D. The Netherlands
Which of the following is most likely a functional region? A. An area where new ideas seem to be circulating the fastest. B. The area of dominance of a particular church or sect. C. The area that a person regards as a hometown. D. The are of dominance of a television station. E. Area where people tend to be fans of a particular professional football team.
D. The are of dominance of a television station.
Which of the following could be a vernacular region? A. a sports "conference" or area within which sports teams compete with one another. B. The are of dominance of a television station. C. The market area of a supermarket. D. The area of dominance of a certain worldview or philosophy. E. The are served by a pizza delivery person.
D. The area of dominance of a certain worldview or philosophy.
Sites identifies a place by its: A. Location relative to other objects in places. B. Mathematica location on earth surface. C. Nominal location. D. Unique, internal physical and cultural characteristics. E. Primary dimensions.
D. Unique internal physical and cultural characteristics
Which of the following types of maps would have the largest scale? A. world B. continent C. state D. city E. country
D. city
Which of the following statements is most correct regarding the origins of geography? A. Geography was invented as a science in the late 18th century. B. Physical geography has been studied since ancient times but human geography was first studied in the 20th century. C. Geographers owes its existence to the Renaissance period in western Europe. D. Humans have practice similar geography at least since time of ancient Greek civilization. E. Human geography was not practice until powerful computers capable of mapping detail information were invented.
D. humans have practice geography at least since the time of ancient Greek civilization.
Scale is: A. The system used by geographers to transfer locations from a globe to a map. B. The spread of a phenomenon over a given area. C. The difference in elevation between two points in an area. D. The relationship between the length of an object on a map and that feature on landscape. E. The ratio of the largest to smallest areas on a map.
D. the relationship between the length of an object on a map and that feature on the landscape.
The name of a location on earth surface is a: A. scale name B. site C. situation D. toponym E. geonym
D. toponym
1:24,000 is an example of what kind of scale? A. A bar line B. A metric scale C. A graphic scale D. A written scale E. A ratio or fraction
E. A ratio or fraction
Select the most correct statement from the choices below. A. Data from different maps and sources, such as field data, map data, and remotely sensed images, can be registered together at the correct geographic location within a common database, with a common map scale and map projection. B. GIS are automated systems for the capture, storage, retrieval, analysis, and display of spatial data. C. GIS is used mainly in overlay analysis, where two or more layers of data are superimposed, or integrated. D. Each type of information is stored as an information layer. E. All of the above
E. All of the above
Which geographer is associated with the concept of Cultural Landscape? A. Derwent Whittlesey B. Colin Renfrew C. Wilbur Zelinsky D. Immanuel Wallerstein E. Carl Sauer
E. Carl Sauer
The south is established as a vernacular region of the United States by: A. Climate, low educational attainment, cotton production, and the prevalence of talk radio stations. B. Climate, low high-school graduation rates, and the Roman Catholic and baptist churches. C. Low high school graduation rates, climate, cotton and corn (maize) production, and abuses of the rights of voters and minorities. D. High cotton production, high church attendance, the prevalence of right-wing talk radio stations, and limits placed on the civil rights of ethnic and racial minorities. E. Climate, low educational attainment, cotton production, and the prevalence of Baptist churches.
E. Climate, low educational attainment, cotton production, and the prevalence of Baptist churches.