AP Human Geography Midterm
The Prime Meridian is ________________________.
0 degrees Longitude
The annual worldwide natural increase rate is
1.2%
When did Population began to increase?
18th century
Which stage does international migration reach its height?
2
Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Australia and Canada fit?
4
According to demographic transition theory, at which stages is a country's population most likely to decline?
4 and 5
Which areas of the world generally have net "out" migrations?
Africa and Asia
Which areas of the world generally have net out-migration?
Africa and Asia
From a spatial perspective (maps) what became clear about WHO was most negatively impacted by Hurricane Katrina BEFORE and AFTER the floods.
African Americans
What is an example of forced migration?
African slaves brought to the Americas
The clearest example of a folk culture today in the US is
Amish of southeast Pennsylvania
Which of the following projections places the North or South pole at the center of the view?
Azimuthual
Cultural landscape is closest in meaning to which of the following?
Built environment
The world's most populated country is
China
The visible imprint put on the environment by people is called?
Cultural Landscape
Which of the following best accounts for the universal appeal of blue jeans?
Diffusion of popular culture
The word "geography" literally means
Earth writing.
The idea that one's environment is responsible for who people are and how they live
Environmental Determinism
The physical environment causes social and cultural development.
Environmental Determinism
Environment influences, but does not strictly determine, how a culture interacts with the environment.
Environmental Possibilism
The Dust Bowl in the Great Plains is the best example of which push or pull factor?
Environmental push factor
0 degrees latitude is known as the
Equator
Ethnicity is associated with _____ ancestry, while race is associated with _____ ancestry.
Ethnicity is associated with _____ ancestry, while race is associated with _____ ancestry.
practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture and generates misunderstanding, ignorance and conflict
Ethnocentrism
Folk cultures are typically associated with _____ groups of people in __________.
Folk cultures are typically associated with _____ groups of people in __________.
Geographers group like things together into regions in order to make them easier to study. What type of region would a corn field be?
Formal
Measuring the distance people are willing to travel to shop at a store would be creating what type of region for that store?
Functional
Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition is characterized by______________.
High growth
What is the most populous country in Southeast Asia?
Indonesia
180 degrees Longitude is known as the ...
International Date Line
The movement of persons from the Rust Belt to the Sun belt is an example of which type of migration?
Interregional migration.
What is a Region?
It tells us ways in which the places in an area are alike
Which of the following countries has not broken into two political entities as a result of cultural or ideological differences?
Japan
This is why most immigrant settled in cities
Jobs
The five classifications geographers use for climate - A Tropical Climates, B Dry Climates, C Warm Mid-Latitude Climates, D Cold Mid-Latitude Climates, E Polar Climates
Koppen System
Since the 1980s most US In-Migration has come from
Latin America
A two-dimensional representation of the earth
Map
The map projection with the greatest amount of distortion, although visually appealing because of its nice, straight lines, is called _____.
Mercator
According to Ravenstein which of the following is NOT true?
Most migration is over very long distance
Billy thinks that in the south, everyone eats grits, eats fried chicken and watches football. He would be creating what type of region of the south with these ideas?
Perceptual
An area on the Earth defined by the feelings and images about the cultural identity of the area. Tend to have unclear boundaries.
Perceptual/Vernacular region
Refugees fleeing Syria and Iraq in 2015-2018 were mostly responding to_________________.
Political push factors
What is it called when you take a 3D image and put it onto a 2D surface?
Projection
Which US quota laws were aimed at making sure most immigrants were from Europe?
Quota Act of 1921 and National Origin Act of 1924
The relationship between any phenomenon and the earth as a whole. Looking at the impact something has locally, regionally, globally, etc....
Scale
What is culture?
Set of beliefs/values/practices a group has in common
The wave of immigrants around 1900 to 1915 was different from earlier waves of migration because most were from what area?
Southern and Eastern Europe
Which stage of the Demographic Transition Model do demographers agree most of Europe is in?
Stage 4
Which of the following is the best example assimilation?
The American government educated Native American children in American-style boarding schools. All of the children were taught English, and girls were taught how to be homemakers.
Acculturation is a process whereby________________________.
The less dominant culture adopts some of the traits of the more influential one
In terms of diffusion, what is a hearth?
The point of origin
The Trail of Tears is an example of interregional migration. (True or False)
True
The most common intraregional migration in the U.S. from urban to suburban occurred during 1970-1980. (True or False)
True
Ravenstein's Laws of Migration explain all BUT...
Wanting to explore a new place
Which is NOT a primary reason people migrate?
Wanting to explore a new place
The concept of distance decay is best described in which scenario?
When fewer people read the Review Journal newspaper the farther you are away from Las Vegas.
What does a country have if the physiological density is very high and its arithmetic density is very low?
a small percentage of land suitable for agriculture, even if there seems to be plenty of space available to live in
The location of a place using the latitude-longitude grid is called:
absolute location
The Atlantic Ocean is an example of
an intervening obstacle
Forest, Savanna, Grassland, and Desert are the four major _____________, or forms of plant communities, which are influenced by climate and human activities.
biomes
The science of making maps
cartography
The process of migrants moving to a specific location because relatives or members of the same culture have already migrated and settled there is known as
chain migration
Getting up, driving to school, attending school, driving home only to do this all over again is called?
circulation migration
Which of the following is an element of material culture?
clothing
According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, every migration flow generates a return migration flow. This phenomenon is known as
counter-migration
Migration from urban areas to rural areas is called
counter-urbanization
The geographic study of human-environmental relationships.
cultural ecology
A phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, reflects a standardization of cultural expressions around the world.
cultural globalization
Meaning, "to take care of," ______ is also what we care about.
culture
Used by geographers in thinking why each region on Earth is distinctive, it is a body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people.
culture
People in Chicago call it pop. People in Charlotte call it coke. This is an example of:
differences due to dialects
The process of the spread of an idea and/or dissemination of an innovation from its source area to other cultures, is the process of cultural:
diffusion
The spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior is called ____.
diffusion
The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin
distance decay
The change in size, shape, direction, or distance of something once a globe is converted to a map.
distortion
Most migrants move for
economic reasons
Brain drain is
emigration of talented and smart people
A country has net out-migration if emigration
exceeds immigration
immigrants in the U.S. __________________________.
follow economic opportunities
Applying the Five Themes, a geographer would identify this image as a _____ region; these countries have established, widely-agreed on borders .
formal/uniform region
Applying the Five Themes, a geographer would know this San Antonio Via bus route map depicts a _____ region.
functional/nodal
The popularity of American bands in Europe is an example of:
globalization of culture
Which of the following shows places on the Earth's surface the most accurately?
globes
The spread of specialty coffee shops across the United States in the 1990s is an example of
hierarchical diffusion
Cultural diffusion describes
how culture spreads
Culture is spread by...
ideas, beliefs, and goods from one place to another
The presence of similar restaurants, gas stations, and stores throughout the United States
illustrates how popular culture can create a uniform landscape
What are lines on a globe drawn in an east-west direction and measured in degrees?
latitude
These terms are the four ways that geographers determine (toponym, site, situation, mathematical coordinate)...
location
Imaginary North-South line that passes through Greenwich, England, and has a value of 0 degrees
longitude
What does an "upside down" population pyramid indicate?
lots of elderly/older people
Which would not be an environmental pull factor?
lumberjack job in the Pacific Northwest
Cartography is the art and science of
mapmaking
Depicts what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located and is not based upon any actual measurement.
mental map
The ability to move from one place to another is
mobility
Counterurbanization is
net migration from urban to rural areas
Which of the following is a PULL factor?
opening a new factory
Applying the Five Themes, a geographer would say this postcard depicts Texas as a collection of _________ regions.
perceptual/vernacular
A location on the Earth's surface with a distinctive characteristic
place
The main PUSH factor for a refugee is
political
The Dutch use of polders to drain and use land THAT IS BELOW SEA LEVEL is a good example of
possibilism
The notion that the physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment - example, people choose to plant crops which are more likely to be productive in their given region.
possibilism
The world's earliest maps were used as
reference tools
Places that share similar characteristics are called
regions
The location of a place in relationship to other places or features around it is called:
relative location
Folk culture is most likely to spread by _____.
relocation diffusion
The act of migrants sending money to family in their home country is termed
remittance
GPS and GIS are examples of contemporary mapping tools that rely on ______ technology.
remote sensing/satellite
These maps show the importance of changing _____________ in understanding something (like cancer rates in the US)
scale
The physical qualities of the original location for a city is referred to as the
site
The location of a place based on nearby characteristics.
situation
In the face of globalization, folk cultures face _____ challenges
sustainability
This caused a jump in the worlds' population in the late 1700's and helped send England into stage 2 of the Industrial Revolution:
the Industrial Revolution
Cultural landscape can be defined as
the forms superimposed on the physical environment by the activities of humans
What is globalization?
the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.
Scale is...
the relationship between the length of an object on a map and that feature on the landscape
Site characteristics include
the unique physical and human characteristics of a location
In recent decades, the most important type of internal migration within the USA has been from
urban to suburban areas
The U.S. population has moved towards?
west
Who is most likely to migrate over LONG distances?
young unmarried men
