AP Human Geography Midterm

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The Prime Meridian is ________________________.

0 degrees Longitude

The annual worldwide natural increase rate is

1.2%

When did Population began to increase?

18th century

Which stage does international migration reach its height?

2

Into which stage of the demographic transition model would Australia and Canada fit?

4

According to demographic transition theory, at which stages is a country's population most likely to decline?

4 and 5

Which areas of the world generally have net "out" migrations?

Africa and Asia

Which areas of the world generally have net out-migration?

Africa and Asia

From a spatial perspective (maps) what became clear about WHO was most negatively impacted by Hurricane Katrina BEFORE and AFTER the floods.

African Americans

What is an example of forced migration?

African slaves brought to the Americas

The clearest example of a folk culture today in the US is

Amish of southeast Pennsylvania

Which of the following projections places the North or South pole at the center of the view?

Azimuthual

Cultural landscape is closest in meaning to which of the following?

Built environment

The world's most populated country is

China

The visible imprint put on the environment by people is called?

Cultural Landscape

Which of the following best accounts for the universal appeal of blue jeans?

Diffusion of popular culture

The word "geography" literally means

Earth writing.

The idea that one's environment is responsible for who people are and how they live

Environmental Determinism

The physical environment causes social and cultural development.

Environmental Determinism

Environment influences, but does not strictly determine, how a culture interacts with the environment.

Environmental Possibilism

The Dust Bowl in the Great Plains is the best example of which push or pull factor?

Environmental push factor

0 degrees latitude is known as the

Equator

Ethnicity is associated with _____ ancestry, while race is associated with _____ ancestry.

Ethnicity is associated with _____ ancestry, while race is associated with _____ ancestry.

practice of judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture and generates misunderstanding, ignorance and conflict

Ethnocentrism

Folk cultures are typically associated with _____ groups of people in __________.

Folk cultures are typically associated with _____ groups of people in __________.

Geographers group like things together into regions in order to make them easier to study. What type of region would a corn field be?

Formal

Measuring the distance people are willing to travel to shop at a store would be creating what type of region for that store?

Functional

Stage 2 of the Demographic Transition is characterized by______________.

High growth

What is the most populous country in Southeast Asia?

Indonesia

180 degrees Longitude is known as the ...

International Date Line

The movement of persons from the Rust Belt to the Sun belt is an example of which type of migration?

Interregional migration.

What is a Region?

It tells us ways in which the places in an area are alike

Which of the following countries has not broken into two political entities as a result of cultural or ideological differences?

Japan

This is why most immigrant settled in cities

Jobs

The five classifications geographers use for climate - A Tropical Climates, B Dry Climates, C Warm Mid-Latitude Climates, D Cold Mid-Latitude Climates, E Polar Climates

Koppen System

Since the 1980s most US In-Migration has come from

Latin America

A two-dimensional representation of the earth

Map

The map projection with the greatest amount of distortion, although visually appealing because of its nice, straight lines, is called _____.

Mercator

According to Ravenstein which of the following is NOT true?

Most migration is over very long distance

Billy thinks that in the south, everyone eats grits, eats fried chicken and watches football. He would be creating what type of region of the south with these ideas?

Perceptual

An area on the Earth defined by the feelings and images about the cultural identity of the area. Tend to have unclear boundaries.

Perceptual/Vernacular region

Refugees fleeing Syria and Iraq in 2015-2018 were mostly responding to_________________.

Political push factors

What is it called when you take a 3D image and put it onto a 2D surface?

Projection

Which US quota laws were aimed at making sure most immigrants were from Europe?

Quota Act of 1921 and National Origin Act of 1924

The relationship between any phenomenon and the earth as a whole. Looking at the impact something has locally, regionally, globally, etc....

Scale

What is culture?

Set of beliefs/values/practices a group has in common

The wave of immigrants around 1900 to 1915 was different from earlier waves of migration because most were from what area?

Southern and Eastern Europe

Which stage of the Demographic Transition Model do demographers agree most of Europe is in?

Stage 4

Which of the following is the best example assimilation?

The American government educated Native American children in American-style boarding schools. All of the children were taught English, and girls were taught how to be homemakers.

Acculturation is a process whereby________________________.

The less dominant culture adopts some of the traits of the more influential one

In terms of diffusion, what is a hearth?

The point of origin

The Trail of Tears is an example of interregional migration. (True or False)

True

The most common intraregional migration in the U.S. from urban to suburban occurred during 1970-1980. (True or False)

True

Ravenstein's Laws of Migration explain all BUT...

Wanting to explore a new place

Which is NOT a primary reason people migrate?

Wanting to explore a new place

The concept of distance decay is best described in which scenario?

When fewer people read the Review Journal newspaper the farther you are away from Las Vegas.

What does a country have if the physiological density is very high and its arithmetic density is very low?

a small percentage of land suitable for agriculture, even if there seems to be plenty of space available to live in

The location of a place using the latitude-longitude grid is called:

absolute location

The Atlantic Ocean is an example of

an intervening obstacle

Forest, Savanna, Grassland, and Desert are the four major _____________, or forms of plant communities, which are influenced by climate and human activities.

biomes

The science of making maps

cartography

The process of migrants moving to a specific location because relatives or members of the same culture have already migrated and settled there is known as

chain migration

Getting up, driving to school, attending school, driving home only to do this all over again is called?

circulation migration

Which of the following is an element of material culture?

clothing

According to Ravenstein's Laws of Migration, every migration flow generates a return migration flow. This phenomenon is known as

counter-migration

Migration from urban areas to rural areas is called

counter-urbanization

The geographic study of human-environmental relationships.

cultural ecology

A phenomenon by which the experience of everyday life, as influenced by the diffusion of commodities and ideas, reflects a standardization of cultural expressions around the world.

cultural globalization

Meaning, "to take care of," ______ is also what we care about.

culture

Used by geographers in thinking why each region on Earth is distinctive, it is a body of customary beliefs, material traits, and social forms that together constitute the distinct tradition of a group of people.

culture

People in Chicago call it pop. People in Charlotte call it coke. This is an example of:

differences due to dialects

The process of the spread of an idea and/or dissemination of an innovation from its source area to other cultures, is the process of cultural:

diffusion

The spread of ideas, inventions, or patterns of behavior is called ____.

diffusion

The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin

distance decay

The change in size, shape, direction, or distance of something once a globe is converted to a map.

distortion

Most migrants move for

economic reasons

Brain drain is

emigration of talented and smart people

A country has net out-migration if emigration

exceeds immigration

immigrants in the U.S. __________________________.

follow economic opportunities

Applying the Five Themes, a geographer would identify this image as a _____ region; these countries have established, widely-agreed on borders .

formal/uniform region

Applying the Five Themes, a geographer would know this San Antonio Via bus route map depicts a _____ region.

functional/nodal

The popularity of American bands in Europe is an example of:

globalization of culture

Which of the following shows places on the Earth's surface the most accurately?

globes

The spread of specialty coffee shops across the United States in the 1990s is an example of

hierarchical diffusion

Cultural diffusion describes

how culture spreads

Culture is spread by...

ideas, beliefs, and goods from one place to another

The presence of similar restaurants, gas stations, and stores throughout the United States

illustrates how popular culture can create a uniform landscape

What are lines on a globe drawn in an east-west direction and measured in degrees?

latitude

These terms are the four ways that geographers determine (toponym, site, situation, mathematical coordinate)...

location

Imaginary North-South line that passes through Greenwich, England, and has a value of 0 degrees

longitude

What does an "upside down" population pyramid indicate?

lots of elderly/older people

Which would not be an environmental pull factor?

lumberjack job in the Pacific Northwest

Cartography is the art and science of

mapmaking

Depicts what an individual knows about a place, containing personal impressions of what is in a place and where places are located and is not based upon any actual measurement.

mental map

The ability to move from one place to another is

mobility

Counterurbanization is

net migration from urban to rural areas

Which of the following is a PULL factor?

opening a new factory

Applying the Five Themes, a geographer would say this postcard depicts Texas as a collection of _________ regions.

perceptual/vernacular

A location on the Earth's surface with a distinctive characteristic

place

The main PUSH factor for a refugee is

political

The Dutch use of polders to drain and use land THAT IS BELOW SEA LEVEL is a good example of

possibilism

The notion that the physical environment may limit some human actions, but people have the ability to adjust to their environment - example, people choose to plant crops which are more likely to be productive in their given region.

possibilism

The world's earliest maps were used as

reference tools

Places that share similar characteristics are called

regions

The location of a place in relationship to other places or features around it is called:

relative location

Folk culture is most likely to spread by _____.

relocation diffusion

The act of migrants sending money to family in their home country is termed

remittance

GPS and GIS are examples of contemporary mapping tools that rely on ______ technology.

remote sensing/satellite

These maps show the importance of changing _____________ in understanding something (like cancer rates in the US)

scale

The physical qualities of the original location for a city is referred to as the

site

The location of a place based on nearby characteristics.

situation

In the face of globalization, folk cultures face _____ challenges

sustainability

This caused a jump in the worlds' population in the late 1700's and helped send England into stage 2 of the Industrial Revolution:

the Industrial Revolution

Cultural landscape can be defined as

the forms superimposed on the physical environment by the activities of humans

What is globalization?

the process by which businesses or other organizations develop international influence or start operating on an international scale.

Scale is...

the relationship between the length of an object on a map and that feature on the landscape

Site characteristics include

the unique physical and human characteristics of a location

In recent decades, the most important type of internal migration within the USA has been from

urban to suburban areas

The U.S. population has moved towards?

west

Who is most likely to migrate over LONG distances?

young unmarried men


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