Apes Unit 4 Test

Which of the following shows the approximate concentration of CO2, N2, and O2 in dry air

<1, 78%, 21%

The low anchovy catch in 1998 was most likely the result of

reduced ocean upwelling along the coast

which of the following soils is best suited to grow corn

Clay

which of the following is the correct order of soil particles in order of increasing size?

Clay-silt-sand

The Atlantic Ocean is expanding as a result of plate tectonics. Which of the following explanations best identifies the type of plate boundary and processes occurring at the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, as shown in the diagram below?

A divergent plate boundary exists at the mid-atlantic ridge where plates move away from one another, leading to seafloor spreading

Which of the following combinations correctly explains the effects of the differences in the distribution of solar radiation on Earth's wind patterns as seen in the diagram above

Global wind patterns are created because uneven solar radiation results in warm air at low latitudes and cool air at high latitudes, resulting in density differences between the air masses.

Which of the following properties is most likely associated with soils that contain more sand sized particles than soils that contain more clay sized particles

High permeability

During El Niño what best describes the conditions in the eastern part of the tropical pacific ocean?

High sea surface temperature and High rainfall

During a La Niña event, what environmental changes would the tropical Pacific Ocean and its surrounding landmasses most likely experience

Increased upwelling off the coast of South America resulting in increased productivity of fisheries

A developer wants to develop a large tract of land near a watershed, which will require the removal of several large trees. Which of the following statements best describes the impact that the development would have on the watershed?

Removing large trees would decrease the amount of runoff in the watershed.

Based on the soil texture triangle, which of the following would describe soil that was 25% clay, 25% silt, and 50% sand?

Sandy clay loam

which of the following best explains why the lower portion of the troposphere is warmer than the upper portion?

The lower portion of the troposphere is separated by the ozone layer from the upper portion, so the lower portion absorbs more sunlight, increasing the temperature

which of the following statements best describes the boundary between the two tectonic plates seen in the maps?

The map illustrates a transform boundary, where tectonic plates slide past each other as the pacific plate moves northwest and the North American plate moves southeast

Which of the following correctly describes the season and length of day at the Tropic of Cancer at the time of the year shown in the diagram

The northern hemisphere is tilted away from the sun so it is winter at the Tropic of Cancer and daylight is less than twelve hours per day

Which of the following best explains why city b regularly receives less precipitation than city a?

The rain shadow effect causes city b to be drier because the mountain blocks precipitation from reaching the city

Which soil horizon is best developed in areas with dense vegetation, such as forests and grasslands, since the horizon consists of decomposing leaves and other plant material

a

Earth currently routes on an axis at an angle of 23.5 degrees. IF that axis changed to 20 degrees, so that the axis was closer to vertical, which of the following would be expected to occur

each would experience a change in season timing and length

Students want to determine the impact of soil erosion from the development of new housing. They plan to measure the density of a species of algae growing along the bottom of a river that flows through their town. The town is built in a heavily forested area, but a large area of trees along the river was recently clear-cut to allow for the construction of a new housing development, which has caused exposed soil to wash into the river. The river flows north to south through the town and is still forested both up- and downstream of the town. What is the controlled group

a sample of water collected just upstream, or north, of the housing development

The Chesapeake bay is a watershed that is located in six states and the district of columbia. which of the following can cause an increase in water pollution in the watershed

an increase in storm water runoff in urban areas

Which soil horizon has very little organic matter and accumulates soluble metals and nutrients that are transported from other soil layers?

c

The ring of fire is known for its intent geologic activity. what type of boundary exists between the pacific plate and the Eurasian and Philippine plate

convergent

Most of the Earth's deserts are at approximately 30° latitude, north and south, because these latitudes are characterized by

descending dry air currents

Which of the following best describes why the engineer chose to calculate the permeability of the soil sample in the experimental design in order to evaluate a natural containment system to protect ground water

soils that have low permeability would best help protect groundwater because the soil traps pollutants so that chemical and biological breakdown can occur

The vast majority of uv absorbing ozone (o3) is found in a thin layer due to a lack of circulation in which of the following atmospheric layers

stratosphere

Which of the following best describes why understanding a watershed and its boundaries is important in defining housing developments along a river

surface water and stormwater runoff with drain downstream within the watershed boundaries, so it is important to understand the flow of water through the watershed

which of the following best describes the independent variable in this research design

the sample of material chosen as the potential container material is the variable being tests, so it is the independent variable

which statement is best illustrated in the diagram above regarding how the sun's energy affects the earths surface from June through September in the northern hemisphere

the season changes from summer to autumn, daylight hours decrease, and infrared radiation is the strongest during the June solstice

Which of the following causes the air to rise high into the atmosphere in the areas labeled a, b, and c on the diagram

warm, moist air that is less dense than the surrounding air

Brown pelicans are fish-eating birds. As a result of an El Niño event, the population of brown pelicans in southern California declines. Which of the following best explains the relationship between the El Niño event and the population decline?

warmer ocean temperatures can cause fish to move to colder water farther from pelican nest sites

The winds between 0 and 30 degrees north are known as the

westerlies