APR 260 Illustrator Test

Name two ways to apply an effect to an object.

1. Select the object and choose the effect from the Effect menu. 2. Select the object, click the Add New Effect button in the Appearance panel, and choose the effect from the menu that appears.

Name 2 methods for creating a text area in Adobe Illustrator.

1. With the Type tool selected, click the artboard and start typing when the cursor appears. A text area is created to accommodate the text. 2. With the Type tool, drag to create a text area. Type when a cursor appears. 3. With the Type tool, click a path or closed shape to convert it to text on a path or in a text area. Option-clicking when crossing over the stroke of a closed path creates text around the shape.

What is the difference between a character style and a paragraph style?

A character style can be applied to selected text only. A paragraph style is applied to an entire paragraph. Paragraph styles are best for indents, margins, and line spacing.

Describe the difference between linking and embedding in Illustrator.

A linked file is a separate, external file connected to the Illustrator file by an electronic link. A linked file does not add significantly to the size of the Illustrator file. The linked file must accompany the Illustrator file to preserve the link and ensure that the placed file appears when you open the Illustrator file. The Illustrator file size reflects the addition of the embedded file. Because the embedded file is a part of the Illustrator file, no link can be broken. You can update linked and embedded files using the Relink button in the Links panel.

What kinds of objects can be used as masks?

A mask can be a simple or compound path. You can use type as a mask. You can import opacity masks with placed Photoshop files. You can also create layer clipping masks with any shape that is the topmost object of a group or layer.

Perspective Drawing - There are three preset grids. Describe briefly what each could be used for.

A one-point perspective can be very useful for roads, railway tracks, or buildings viewed so that the front is directly facing the viewer. Two-point perspective is useful for drawing a cube, such as a building, or two roads going off into the distance, and it typically has two vanishing points. Three-point perspective is usually used for buildings seen from above or below. In addition to vanishing points for each wall, there is a vanishing point in a three-point perspective showing those walls receding into the ground or high in space.

What's the difference between applying a graphic style to a layer versus applying it to an object?

After a graphic style is applied to a layer, everything you add to that layer has that style applied to it. For example, if you create a circle on Layer 1 and then move that circle to Layer 2, which has a Drop Shadow effect applied, the circle adopts that effect. When a style is applied to a single object, other objects on that layer are not affected. For example, if a triangle object has a Roughen effect applied to its path and you move it to another layer, it retains the Roughen effect.

Describe each of the five brush tips: Art, Calligraphic, Pattern, Bristle, and Scatter.

Art brushes - stretch artwork evenly along a path. Include strokes that resemble graphic media, such as Charcoal - Thick brush used in the lesson. Art brushes also include objects, such as the arrow brush. Calligraphic brushes - defined by an elliptical shape whose center follows the path. They create strokes that resemble hand-drawn lines made with a flat, angled calligraphic pen tip. Pattern brushes - paint a pattern made up of separate sections, or tiles, for the sides, ends, and corners of the path. When you apply a Pattern brush to artwork, the brush applies different tiles from the pattern to different sections of the path, depending on where the section falls on the path. Bristle brushes - allow you to create brush strokes with the appearance of a natural brush with bristles. Scatter brushes - scatter an object, such as a leaf, along a path. You can adjust the size, spacing, scatter, and rotation options to change the appearance of the brush.

How can you control lighting on a 3D object? Does the lighting of one 3D object affect other 3D objects?

By clicking the More Options button in any of the 3D dialog boxes, you can change the light, the direction of the light, and the shade color. Settings for the light of one 3D object do not affect the settings for the other 3D objects.

Describe how to reorder layers in a file.

By selecting a layer name in the Layers panel and dragging the layer to a new location. The order of the layers in the Layers panel controls the document's layer order - topmost in the panel is front-most in the artwork.

Explain several ways you can resize an object.

By selecting and dragging handles on its bounding box, by using the Scale tool or the Transform panel, or by choosing Object>Transform>Scale to specify exact dimensions. You can also scale by choosing Effect>Distort & Transform>Transform.

How do you save panel locations and visibility preferences?

Choose Window>Workspace>New Workspace to create custom work areas and make it easier to find the controls that you need.

How do you add a second stroke to an object?

Click the Add New Stroke button in the Appearance panel, or choose Add New Stroke from the Appearance panel menu. A stroke is added to the top of the appearance list. It has the same color and stroke weight as the original stroke.

How do you apply an effect to a layer? How can you edit that effect?

Click the target icon for the layer to which you want to apply an effect. Then choose an effect from the Effect menu. To edit the effect, make sure that the layer is selected and then click the name of the effect in the Appearance panel. The effect's dialog box opens, and you can change the values.

How do you draw a curved line using the Pen tool?

Click to create the starting anchor point, drag to set the direction of the curve, and then click to end the curve.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of converting text to outlines?

Converting type to outlines eliminates the need to send the fonts along with the file when sharing with others. You can also fill the type with a gradient and create interesting effects on individual letters. However, when you create outlines from text, you should consider the following: 1. Text is no longer editable. The content and font cannot be changed for outlined text. It is best to save a layer with the original text or to use the Outline Object effect. 2. Bitmap fonts and outline-protected fonts cannot be converted to outlines. 3. Outlining text that is less than 10 points in size is not recommended. When type is converted to outlines, the type loses its hints - instructions built into outline fonts to adjust their shape to display or print optimally at many sizes. When scaling type, adjust its point size before converting it to outlines. 4. You must convert all type in a selection to outlines. You cannot convert a single letter within a string of type. To convert a single letter into an outline, create a separate type area containing only that letter.

Name two ways to bring symbols from Illustrator to Flash.

Copy and paste the symbols from Illustrator to Flash, choose File>Import>Import to Stage, or choose File>Import>Import to Library.

How do you create a layer clipping mask?

Create a clipping mask on a layer by selecting the layer and clicking the Make/Release Clipping Mask button in the Layers panel. The topmost object in the layer becomes the clipping mask.

What are the two benefits of using an OpenType font?

Cross-platform compatibility (they work the same on both Windows and Mac OS) and support of widely expanded character sets and layout features, which provide richer linguistic support and advanced typographical controls

Describe two ways to blend the shapes and colors of objects.

Do one of the following: 1. Click each object with the Blend tool to create a blend of intermediate steps between the objects, according to preset blend options. 2. Select the objects and choose Object>Blend>Blend Options to set the number of intermediate steps, and then choose Object>Blend>Make to create the blend.

Name 2 ways to change the size of an existing active artboard.

Double click the Artboard tool, and edit the dimensions of the active artboard in the Artboard Options dialog box. Select the Artboard tool, position the pointer over an edge or corner of the artboard, and drag to resize. Select the Artboard tool, click in an artboard in the Document window, and change the dimensions in the Control panel.

How do you change the colorization method for an Art, Pattern, or Scatter brush? (Remember, you don't use colorization methods with Calligraphic or Bristle brushes.)

Double click the brush in the Brushes panel to open the Brush Options dialog box. Use the Method menu in the Colorization section to select another method. If you choose Hue Shift, you can use the default color displayed in the dialog box preview or you can change the key color by clicking the Key Color Eyedropper and clicking a color in the preview. Click OK to accept the settings, and close the Brush Options dialog box. Click Apply to Strokes in the alert dialog box if you want to apply the changes to existing strokes in the artwork. Existing brush strokes are colorized with the stroke color that was selected when the strokes were applied to the artwork. New brush strokes are colorized with the current stroke color. To change the color of existing strokes after applying a different colorization method, select the strokes and select a new stroke color.

How do you name a color?

Double click the color swatch in the Swatches panel or select it and choose Swatch Options from the panel menu. Type the name for the color in the Swatch Options dialog box.

How do you update an existing symbol?

Double click the symbol icon in the Symbols panel, double click an instance of the symbol on the artboard, or select the instance on the artboard and then click the Edit Symbol button in the Control panel. Then, you can make edits in Isolation mode.

How can you change the way the Pencil tool works?

Double-click the Pencil tool to open the Pencil Tool Options dialog box, where you can change the smoothness, fidelity, and more.

Describe how to edit paths with the Paintbrush tool as you draw. How does the Keep Selected option affect the Paintbrush tool?

Drag over a selected path to redraw it and edit it with the Paintbrush tool. The Keep Selected option keeps the last path selected as you draw with the Paintbrush tool. Leave the Keep Selected option selected (the default setting) when you want to easily edit the previous path as you draw. Deselect it when you want to draw layered paths with the paintbrush without altering previous paths. When Keep Selected is deselected, you can use the Selection tool to select a path and then edit it.

How can you adjust the direction of a gradient?

Drag with the Gradient tool to adjust the direction of a gradient. Dragging a long distance changes colors gradually; dragging a short distance makes the color change more abrupt. You can also rotate the gradient using the Gradient tool and change the radius, aspect ratio, starting point, and more.

How do you add pattern swatches to the Swatches panel?

Easily create and edit seamlessly tiled vector patterns. Either create content for the pattern or deselect all content and choose Object>Pattern>Make. In Pattern Editing mode you can edit the pattern and preview it.

For which brush types must you have artwork selected on the artboard before you can create a brush?

For Art and Scatter brushes, you need to have artwork selected in order to create a brush using the New Brush button in the Brushes panel.

What should you do after creating a selection that you are going to use repeatedly?

For any selection you anticipate using again, choose Select>Save Selection. Name the selection so that you can reselect it at any time from the Select Menu.

How can you convert a raster image to editable vector shapes?

If you want to base a new drawing on an existing piece of artwork, you can trace it. To convert the tracing to paths, click Expand in the Control panel or choose Object>Image Trace>Expand. Use this method if you want to work with the components of the traced artwork as individual objects. The resulting paths are grouped.

If you are unable to select an object, because the object you want to select is underneath another, name two ways to select the blocked object.

If your access to an object is blocked, you can choose Object>Hide>Selection to hide the blocking object. The object is not deleted, just hidden in the same position until you choose Object>Show All. You can also use the selection tool to select behind content by pressing Command and then clicking on the overlapping objects until the object you want to be selected is selected.

Name two ways you can add colors to a gradient.

In the Gradient panel, click beneath the gradient slider to add a gradient stop to the gradient. Then double click the color stop to edit the color, using the panel that appears to mix a new color or to apply an existing color swatch. You can select the Gradient tool in the Tools panel, position the pointer over the gradient-filled object, and then click beneath the gradient slider that appears in the artwork to add a color stop.

How do you remove an appearance attribute using the Layers panel?

In the Layers panel, click the target icon of a layer. Drag the target icon to the Delete Section button in the layers panel to remove the appearance attribute. You can also remove the appearance attribute of a selected object or layer using the Appearance panel. Select the object, and choose Reduce to Basic Appearance from the Appearance panel menu to return the object to its original state.

How do you select a shape with no fill?

Items that have no fill can be selected by clicking the stroke.

Name the three image file types that can be chosen in the Save for Web dialog box.

JPEG, GIF, and PNG. PNG has two versions: PNG-8 and PNG-24.

What is something that cannot be used as a symbol?

Linked images cannot be used as symbols.

Explain what Live Paint allows you to do.

Live Paint lets you paint vector graphics intuitively by automatically detecting and correcting gaps that otherwise would have affected how fills and strokes were applied. Paths divide the drawing surface up into areas, any of which can be colored, regardless of whether the area is bounded by a single path or segments of multiple paths. Painting objects with Live Paint is like filling in a coloring book or using watercolors to paint a pencil sketch.

What are the generic steps to map artwork to an object?

Map artwork to an object by following these steps: 1. Select the artwork to be used as a symbol, and save it as a symbol in the Symbols panel. 2. Select the object and choose Effect>3D>Extrude & Bevel or Effect>3D>Revolve. 3. Click Map Art. 4. Navigate to the surface by clicking the Next Surface or Previous Surface buttons. Select the symbol from the Symbol menu. Close both dialog boxes.

What transformations can you make using the Transform panel?

Moving or precisely placing objects in your artwork (by specifying the X and Y coordinates and the reference point), scaling, rotating, shearing, and flipping.

How do you create an opacity mask for a placed image?

Place the object to be used as a mask on top of the object to be masked. Then, select the mask and the objects to be masked and either click the Make Mask button in the Transparency panel or choose Make Opacity Mask from the Transparency panel menu.

How do you draw a corner point on a curved line?

Press the Option key and drag the direction handle on the endpoint of the curve to change the direction of the path. Continue dragging to draw the next curved segment on the path.

Name two benefits of using layers when creating artwork.

Protecting artwork that you don't want to change, hiding artwork that you aren't working with so that it's not distracting, and controlling what prints.

Which tool would you use to edit a segment on a curved line?

Select the Direct Selection tool and drag the segment to move it, or drag a direction handle on an anchor point to adjust the length and shape of the segment.

How do you change the number of sides on a polygon as you draw?

Select the Polygon tool in the Tools panel. Start dragging to draw the shape, and hold down the Down Arrow key to reduce the number of sides and the Up Arrow key to increase the number of sides.

How do you draw a square?

Select the Rectangle tool in the Tools panel. Hold down the Shift key and drag to draw a square, or click the artboard to enter equal dimensions for the width and height in the Rectangle dialog box.

Describe at least three ways to fill an object with color.

Select the object and change the Fill color or Stroke color in the Control panel or select the Fill box in the Tools panel. Then do one of the following: Double click the Fill or Stroke box in the Tools panel to access the Color Picker. Drag the color sliders, or type values in the text boxes in the Color panel. Click a color swatch in the Swatches panel. Select the Eyedropper tool, and then click a color in the artwork. Choose Window>Swatch Libraries to open another color library, and then click a color swatch in the Color Library panel.

Name two ways to apply a gradient to a selected object.

Select the object and do one of the following: 1. Select the Stroke or Fill box, and then click the Gradient box in the Tools panel to fill an object with the default black-to-white gradient or with the last selected gradient. 2. Change the Fill color or Stroke color in the Control panel to apply a gradient to the selected content. 3. Select the Stroke or Fill box in the Tools panel, and then click a gradient swatch in the Swatches panel. 4. Use the Eyedropper tool to sample a gradient from an object in your artwork, and then apply it to the selected object.

What is the difference between selecting a smooth color blend and specifying the number of steps in a blend?

Smooth Color blend - Illustrator automatically calculates the number of intermediate steps necessary to create a seamlessly smooth blend between the selected objects Specifying the number of steps - lets you determine how many intermediate steps are visible in the blend. You can also specify the distance between intermediate steps in the blend.

How can you choose color harmonies for colors?

The Color Guide panel is a tool you can use for inspiration while you create your artwork. The panel suggests color harmonies based on the current color in the Tools panel.

Name the Symbolism tool that is used for shifting symbol instances in a symbol set.

The Symbol Shifter tool allows you to shift symbol instances in a symbol set.

Before drawing content on a grid plane, what must be done to ensure that the object is on the correct grid plane?

The correct grid plane must be selected by choosing it in the Plane Switching Widget; by using the following keyboard commands: Left Grid (1), Horizontal Grid (2), Right Grid (3) or No Active Grid (4).; or by selecting content on the grid you want to choose with the Perspective Selection tool.

What is the difference between a gradient and a blend?

The difference is the way that colors combine together - colors blend together within a gradient and between objects in a blend.

What happens if you paste a layered file into another file? Why is the Paste Remembers Layer option useful?

The paste commands paste layered files or objects copied from different layers into the active layer, by default. The Paste Remembers Layer option keeps the original layers intact when the objects are pasted.

What is the ruler origin?

The ruler origin is the point where 0 (zero) appears on each ruler. By default, the ruler origin is set to be 0 in the top left corner of the active artboard.

What is the purpose of changing the selection color for a layer?

The selection color controls how selected anchor points and direction lines are displayed on a layer and helps you identify the different layers in your document.

What does the square icon indicate, and how does it affect transformations?

The square icon, called the reference point locator, indicates the bounding box of the selected objects. Select a reference point in the square to indicate the reference point from which objects (as a group) move, scale, rotate, shear, or reflect.

If you are using a Symbolism tool on an area that has two different symbols applied, which one is affected?

The symbol active in the Symbols panel is the only instance affected.

What three types of 3D effects are available? Give an example of why you would want to use each one.

The types of 3D effects are Extrude & Bevel, Revolve, and Rotate. Extrude & Bevel - Uses the Z axis to give a 2D object depth by extruding the object. For example, a circle becomes a cylinder. Revolve - Uses the Y axis to revolve an object around an axis. For example, an arc becomes a circle. Rotate - Uses the Z axis to rotate 2D artwork in 3D space and to change the artwork's perspective.

What are the basic tools for creating shapes?

There are six basic shape tools: Rectangle, Rounded Rectangle, Ellipse, Polygon, Star, and Flare. To tear off a group of tools from the Tools panel, position the pointer over the tool that appears in the Tools panel and hold down the mouse button until the group of tools appears. Without releasing the mouse button, drag to the triangle on the right side of the group and then release the mouse button to tear off the group.

What are the benefits of using symbols?

Three benefits: 1. You can edit one symbol, and all instances are updated. 2. You can map artwork to 3D objects. 3. Using symbols reduces file size.

To align objects to the artboard, what do you need to first select in the Align or Control panel before you choose an alignment option?

To align objects to an artboard, first select the Align to Artboard option.

What is the difference between applying a brush to artwork using the Paintbrush tool and applying a brush to artwork using one of the drawing tools?

To apply brushes using the Paintbrush tool, you select the tool, choose a brush in the Brushes panel, and draw on the artboard. The brush is applied directly to the paths as you draw. To apply brushes using a drawing tool, you select the tool and draw in the artwork. Then, you select a path in the artwork and choose a brush in the Brushes panel. The brush is applied to the selected path.

Describe how to draw straight, vertical, horizontal, or diagonal lines using the Pen tool.

To draw a straight line, click twice with the Pen tool. The first click sets the starting anchor point, and the second click sets the ending anchor point of the line. To constrain the line vertically, horizontally, or along a 45 degree diagonal, press the Shift key as you click to create the second anchor point with the Pen tool.

How do you hide layers? How do you show individual layers?

To hide a layer, click to deselect the eye icon to the left of the layer name in the Layers panel. Select the blank, leftmost column (the Visibility column) to show the layer.

What does double-clicking on a grid plane allow you to do?

To move the plane. You can specify whether to move the content associated with the plane and whether to copy the content as the plane moves.

Describe how to replace an image with another image in a document.

To replace a placed image, select the image in the Links panel. Then, click the Relink button and locate and select the replacement image. Click Place.

How do you select tools in Illustrator?

To select a tool, you can either click the tool in the Tools panel or press the keyboard shortcut for that tool. For example, you can press V to select the Selection tool from the keyboard. Selected tools remain active until you click a different tool.

What does the Blob Brush tool allow you to create?

Use the Blob Brush tool to edit filled shapes that you can intersect and merge with other shapes of the same color or to create artwork from scratch.

Name two ways to convert a smooth point on a curve to a corner point.

Use the Direct Selection tool to select the anchor point, and then use the Convert Anchor Point tool to draw a direction handle to change the direction. Another method is to choose a point or points with the Direct Selection tool and then click the Convert Selected Anchor Points To Corner button in the Control panel.

Of the two Selection tools (Selection and Direct Selection), which allows you to edit the individual anchor points of an object?

Using the Direct Selection tool, you can select one or more individual anchor points and make changes to the shape of an object.

Name two ways you can select an item in a group without choosing Object>Ungroup.

Using the Group Selection tool, you can click once to select an individual item within a group. Click again to add the next grouped items to the selection. Read Lesson 8, "Working with Layers," to see how you can use layers to make complex selections. You can also double-click the group to enter isolation mode, edit the shapes as needed, and then exit Isolation mode by pressing the Escape key or by double clicking outside of the group.

Name two ways you can combine several shapes into one.

Using the Shape Builder tool, you can visually and intuitively merge, delete, fill, and edit overlapping shapes and paths directly in the artwork. You can also use the Pathfinder effects to create new shapes out of overlapping objects. You can apply Pathfinder effects by using the Effects menu or the Pathfinder panel.

Why do we align content to the pixel grid?

When the pixel-aligned property is enabled for an object, all the horizontal and vertical segments in the object get aligned to the pixel grid, which provides a crisp appearance to strokes.

How do you add to an existing graphic style?

With a graphic style applied to an object, Option-click another graphic style in the Graphic Styles panel.

How do you adjust the blend between colors in a gradient?

With the Gradient tool selected, and the pointer over the gradient annotator or in the Gradient panel, you can drag the diamond icons or color stops of the gradient slider.

How do you move an object perpendicular to the grid?

With the Perspective Selection tool, hold down the number 5 key and drag the object perpendicular to the plane.

Describe the steps required to move content from one grid plane to another.

With the objects selected, begin dragging them, without releasing the mouse button yet. Press the number 1, 2, 3 or 4 key (depending on which grid you intent to attach the objects to) to switch to the grid plane of your choice.

How do you access symbols from other documents?

You can access symbols from saved documents either by clicking the Symbol Libraries Menu button at the bottom of the Symbols panel and by choosing Other Library from the menu that appears; by choosing Open Symbol Library>Other Library from the Symbols panel menu; or by choosing Window>Symbol Libraries>Other Library.

Describe two ways to change the view of a document.

You can choose commands from the View menu to zoom in or out of a document or to fit it to your screen; you can also use the Zoom tool in the Tools panel and click or drag over a document to enlarge or reduce the view. In addition, you can use keyboard shortcuts to magnify or reduce the display of artwork. You can also use the Navigator panel to scroll artwork or to change its magnification without using the Document window.

Describe 3 ways to navigate between artboards in Illustrator.

You can choose the artboard number from the Artboard Navigation menu at the lower left of the Document window, you can use the Artboard Navigation arrows in the lower left of the Document window to go to the first, previous, next, and last artboards, you can use the Artboards panel to navigate to an artboard, or you can use the navigator panel to drag the proxy view area to navigate between artboards.

Where can the effects applied to an object be edited, once they are applied?

You can edit effects in the Appearance panel.

How can you show or hide the Perspective Grid?

You can hide or show it by selecting the Perspective Grid tool in the Tools panel, by choosing View>Perspective Grid>Show Grid/Hide Grid, or by pressing Command+Shift+I.

How can you save a color?

You can save a color for painting other objects in your artwork by adding it to the Swatches panel. Select the color, then do one of the following: Drag it from the Fill box, and drop it over the Swatches panel. Click the New Swatch button at the bottom of the Swatches panel. Choose New Swatch from the Swatches panel menu. You can also add colors from other color libraries by selecting them in the Color Library panel and choosing Add to Swatches from the panel menu.

How can you select an object that has no fill?

You can select items that have no fill by clicking the stroke or dragging a marquee across the object.

How can you rename an artboard?

You can select the Artboard tool and click to select an artboard. Then, change the name in the Name field in the Control panel. You can also double click the name of the artboard in the Artboards panel to rename it or click the Options button in the Artboards panel to enter the name in the Artboard Options dialog box.

What color modifications can you apply to a selected object using effects?

You can use effects to change the color mode (RGB, CMYK, or grayscale) or adjust individual colors in a selected object. You can also saturate or desaturate colors or invert colors in a selected object. You can apply color modifications to placed images, as well as to artwork created in Illustrator.

How do you adjust the shapes or colors in the blend? How do you adjust the path of the blend?

You can use the Direct Selection tool to select and adjust the shape of an original object, thus changing the shape of the blend. You can change the colors of the original objects to adjust the intermediate colors in the blend. Use the Convert Anchor Point tool to change the shape of the path, or spine, of the blend by dragging anchor points or direction handles on the spine.

What is a gradient?

a graduated blend of two or more colors or of tints of the same color. Gradients can be applied to the stroke or fill of an object.

Describe how arranging Document windows can be helpful.

Arranging Document windows allows you to tile windows or cascade document groups. This can be useful if you are working on multiple Illustrator files and you need to compare or share content between them.

Name two things that the Edit Colors/Recolor Artwork dialog box allows you to do.

to create and edit color groups, reassign or reduce the colors in your artwork, and more