Architectural Components Test 3

2 Separate Electrical Systems in most buildings:

1.Electrical system that distributes electrical energy 2. Electrical signal or communication system...transmits information via phone, cable TV, or separate data lines

Lighting/Electrical/Power/Data Plan - LEGEND

Everything shown on plan Must be shown on the legend Symbols Descriptions Heights of lighting elements Other information, such as notes

Furniture Schedule

Floor plan: drawing indicates furniture item & matches symbol in schedule

Reflected Ceiling Plan - Definition

Lighting/Electrical/Telephone/Power/Data Plan

Common Problems with Drawing, Specifications & Schedules

Omissions or gaps in info Inconsistent terminology Inconsistent use of symbols

Flush Doors

Smooth on both sides and are usually made of wood Standard size: 6'-8"high X 3'0" wide Hollow core doors have wood frame around the perimeter of a hollow shell (core)

Double Action Doors

Swing at an arc of 180 degrees Generally used in rooms that have a great deal of traffic & are opened & closed frequently

Construction Plans

Clear Concise Consistent Accurate

Windows

- Provide fresh air, ventilation, atmosphere, detail, and balance to the exterior of the house - Glass area should be at least 20 percent of floor area of the room - Windows placed higher on the wall provide a greater degree of light - Openings for ventilation should account for 10 % of floor area of room

Coded furniture and finish schedules

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Materials, Finishes, and Furniture

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Specifying Doors & Windows

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Details: specific architectural assemblies

A building or interior design project is a complex collection of components, which are connected to other parts ------------ requires DETAIL DRAWINGS to graphically 'explain' the construction elements &methods

Elevations

A drawing showing a vertical surface - a straight-on view No distortion as with a perspective All portions are at the same scale Curves or angles are projected onto a flat plane

Sections

A drawing showing what a part of the construction would look like if cut straight through with a continuous plane It shows a view that can expose the structure of the building Sections require line weights as means of describing depths & spatial relationships Section cut is always perpendicular to the plane of construction that will be exposed in detail

Details

Because details show complex information, usually are large-scale drawings of sections cut through a portion of construction In addition to showing materials cut by section, detail also shows what is beyond the section cut Scales: 1"=1'0", 1 ½"=1'0", 3"=1'0"

Elevations

Can indicate references to other sections & details w/ use of section cut lines (for construction drawings) View is apprx. 3' from wall to be indicated Scales: ¼"=1'0" for simple wall planes ½"=1'0" for more complex surfaces

Swinging Windows - 4 main types

Casement windows- opened or closed by crank Awning Windows- Many sashes and each sash is hinged to the top and wings out Hopper windows- In-swinging window, hinged at the bottom and opened at the top Jalousie- series of narrow horizontal slats

Reflected Ceiling Plan - Shows

Ceiling type & design The ceiling mounted lighting fixtures Ceiling mounted exit lighting Ceiling mounted HVAC Ceiling heights Sprinkler system

Dutch Doors

Composed of an upper and lower part The top section can be opened independently from the bottom Can be used in the kitchen, dining room, or as an exterior door

Specifications: are written information

Define quality Standards of required workmanship Design criteria Installation methods Standard of finishes Source of products

Distances and measurements to consider

Distance between receptacle outlets Ground Fault Circuit Interrupters Heights for switches, counter receptacles, GFIC outlets Outlets and controls for HC accessible per ADA place between 18" and 4' AFF

Door Details

Door jamb - frame which fits the rough opening, made up on three parts (two side jambs and one head jamb) Casing - the space between the jamb and rough framing Sill - is required at the bottom of the door in all exterior doors to drain water from the door

Door Jamb - problem with installation

Door jamb is cut too short, so does not meet the wood floor, once it is installed

Bifold Doors

Doors made of parts that come together to form the door Can be flush or paneled Usual widths are 1'-0" & 2'-0" - may be larger to fill door openings

Common problems found in drawings, schedules, and specifications.

Duplication and overlapping Omissions and gaps Inconsistent Terminology Inconsistent Use of Symbols

Specifying Doors and Windows

Each door shown on the floor plan should appear in the door schedule Information about doors can be located from the manufacturer's literature In Working Drawings: Door & Window Schedules should be placed on the same sheet as floor plan where doors are coded to this plan

Drawing, Specifications & Schedules What IS the difference & purpose of each?

Each provides specific information Each must closely coordinate with the other & cross-reference for clarity of information

Elevations for presentations

Elevations can visually convey both Interior and Exterior design ideas Realistic two-dimensional representations of all materials, finishes - no dimensions Color-rendered

Visual Communication Methods

Elevations, Sections, Details The How's & Why's

Exterior Doors

Exterior wood doors are not hollow & thicker than interior doors - 1 ¾" thick vs. Interior doors: 1 3/8" thick Exterior doors can be: flush, panel, sliding, or swinging Garage doors are considered exterior doors - come in a variety of dimensions based on the size of the garage

Accordion Doors

Frequently used to close large openings where other doors may not be acceptable Produced in a variety of materials and designs Doors are supported on a track

Schedules: are abbreviated notes

Further clarify specifics of plan Specify materials Indicate colors Room info: ex. ceiling heights Doors & windows: sizes, finishes, types Furnishings: size, finishes, types

Panel Doors

Heavy frame with cross members that form panels Stiles- vertical cross members Rails- horizontal cross members Panels can be made of wood, glass, metal or other material

Finish Schedule

Includes: Room # Room name Floor material Base Ceiling Walls: East, West, North, South

Sliding Windows

Most common types are sliding & double hung Sliding - have 2 or more sashes that slide on a horizontal track Double hung- have two sashes that slide up & down

French Doors

Panel doors with panels made from glass They are popular with patios and terraces Should be a minimum of 32" wide Lever or vertical handles can be used

Bifold Doors

Popular with large openings Frequently used as closet doors Doors are hung from a track, so width is not critical May be flush, paneled, louvered Main problem associated with sliding doors is warping due to unrestrained hinges

Window Schedule

Provides information about windows in the structure: size, identifying symbols, installation, manufacturers numbers, model, finish, material Window Schedule - placed on the same sheet as floor plan

Lighting/Electrical/Power/Data Plan

Receptacle outlets (GFICs) Switches Wiring Telephone jacks Computer jacks Special outlets Locations

Doors and windows perform a variety of functions

Shield an opening from the elements Add decoration Emphasize overall design Provide light and ventilation Expand visibility

Drawings: are a graphic presentation on information

Show relationship of space Size & structure Location of plan, form, shape limited materials & finishes

Reflected Ceiling Plan - RCP

Shows "reflected" plan as if you are looking at the ceiling with a mirror to show everything that is seen.

Drawings, Schedules & Specifications

These are complementary parts of the contract documents...However... Each serves a distinct purpose They must be closely coordinated to minimize misunderstandings discrepancies and oversights Ex. Tinted windows vs. untinted windows

Window Types

Three(3) types of windows typically used: Sliding windows Swinging windows Fixed windows Selection for windows is dependent upon: Function to be performed Architectural style Building codes Personal taste

When to use elevations?

To show design, configuration & finish of wall surfaces (which cannot be shown on floor plans) To show vertical dimensions, design of millwork, other freestanding construction elements Openings in walls, built-ins, materials & finishes on walls To show location of switches, thermostats Any wall-mounted equipment To show complex horizontal dimensions: wall panels (ie. block paneling) or cabinet units

Pocket Doors

Variation of the sliding door Hung from a track mounted on the head jamb Frequently used between rooms where floor space is limited Require no space along the wall to open Difficult to operate

Lighting/Electrical/Power/Data Plan

Walls are shown but not pouche' Windows shown Door openings shown (not door swings) Furniture can be shown (lighter line weight) Room names All pertinent notes for explanation

Interior doors include

flush, panel, bi-fold, sliding, pocket, double-action, accordion, Dutch and French