Art Final
_______ is a leading german romanticist who believed nature was a manifestation of divine contemption of nature and could be analgous to worship
casper david fredrich
_________ a well known american impressionist painter and printmaker often created images of the social and private lives of women and children
cassat
which of the following is not new in the 18th century
cast iron (c)
an early last supper was painted by the fresco painter
castagno
Larger wider naves with an obstructed view of the alter music etc were all additions to the _______ church to make it more appealing following the ___________
catholic churches, reformation
________ creates space and depth of perspective by means of planes of color which are freely associated
cezanne
________ was a major influence on the cubists of the 20th century
cezanne
___________ was one of the first french painters to honor the dignity of womens work and to treat children with sympathy
chardin
which of the following was developed during the renaissance
clock
_________ a painter of landscapes worked in both the romantic and realistic styles
corot
__________ painted landscapes which mixed natural subject matter with romantic poetic effects
corot
according to ________ and the catholic church, artworks should be a clear intelligible subject interpreted to stimulate piety
council of trent
_______ who was regared as subversive due to his large canvasses devoted common people became strongly interested in erotics towards the end of his career
courbet
________ is considered the grandfather of impressionism
courbet
the _________ designed by joseph paxton was the first prefabricated building
crystal palace
_________ is a non objective approach to painting developed originally in france by pablo picasso and georges braque
cubism
francis I of france brought _________ to france to modernize the french court
da vinci
_________ has the distinction of having been born in a bar
dadaism
________ is known as an important precursor of impressionism
daubigny
_________ is a lithographer who devoted himself to antimonarchist cartoons and went to jail a lot due to king louis phillipes censorship laws
daumier
_________ believed in art that contained a moralizing message
david
the hi lighting factor of ________ was the fact that art was being used to design architecture and furniture
de stijl
_______ was fond of rendering architectural interiors
de witte
_________ is a realist who is normally placed with the impressionists because of his dislike of painting directly from nature
degas
an early easel painter of the south renaissance was
della francesco
______ is considered the father of modern art criticism
denis diderot
highest praise of ______ went to jean baptiste whose inspiration came from his own moralizing middle tragedy plays
denis diderot
obsession with the depiction of light is what gave the _________ movement its name
divisionist
the great genius of early italian renaissance sculpture is
donatello
_________ was asked by pope julius to renovate the vatican palace
donato bramante
baroque paintings featured ________ contrasts of light and dark which produced an absolute unity of form
dramatic
_____ was drawn to forms created outside the tradition of fine art particularly when grafitti tribal art and the creations of children and the insane
dubuffet
les fauves painter _______ developed a distinctive style characterized by rapid calligraphic drawing on backgrounds of bright decorative color
dufy
because the ______ had one of the strongest economies in europe, they were able to invest in art
dutch
the _______ were well educated and fasinated by history mythology the bible
dutch
___________ an american realist carried american reailsm to its highest acheivement
eakins
which of the following is not an event leading up to the renaissance
educational scholarships
__________ is the term used for the panels of clear glass with simple often monochrome only decorations
grissaille
the concept of _________ was introduced in flanders
guilds for artists
portraits of ______ ranged from single images to sparsly furnished settings
hals
_______ wa the court painter to henry VIII
hans holbein
_______ attempt to integrate art and life by blurring the separation between life and art and artists and audience
happenings
the work of ________ a superb colorist and technical virtuoso depicts a world of fantastic imagination
hieronymous bosch
__________ painting ws considered by the british to be the higest form of artistic endeavour
history
__________ did not appreciate portraiture and instead jumped on the new bandwagon of satire
hogarth
__________ involved extensive use of trompe and stucco sculpture
illustionistic ceiling painting
int he andes mountains around AD 1200 a civilization developed independently from the civilization of mesoamerica. it became known as
incas
spanish painting demonstrated ______ and ________
intense realism and ecstatic religiosity
most of the recognized female artists of the renaissance resided in
italy
the most famous of the american abstract experssionist was _______
jackson pollack
______ felt that art should be created with the same gusto as advertising
james rosenqueest
_____________ elleged grand master of the priory of sion was a true master of poetry paiting and cinema creating surreal worlds that he considered real
jean cockteau
A french renaissance painter of renown is ________
jean fouquet
the design of the brooklyn bridge was the first to use twisted cable wires invented by
john a roebling
works of _______ inspired a group of french landscape artists who became known as the barbizon school
john constable
american artist ________ set out to create a record of all the birds of america resulting in birds of america
john james audubon
the first english language architectural manual was written by
john shute
american painter who created the painting known as declaration of independance is known as
john trumball
architecture in baroque england was dominated by ____ and _____
jones and wren
john ruskin praised the ability of ______ to represent the far higher and deeper truth of mental vision rather than that of physical facst
joseph mallard william turner
_______ was a free black artist the first known african american artist in america to earn his living as a pro portrait painter
josh johnson
_______ was one of the most influential abstract artists of the 20th century who also taught law and later art at the bauhaus
kandinsky
_______ was an italian trained swiss history painter
kaufman
________ created a new type of picture with his ornamented portrait of women
klimt
in the work of _______ light is so intense it seems to be the subject
la tour
_________ was a landscape architect who designed gardens that were more natural and less formal than french baroque garden design
lancelot capability brown
_________ an abstract expressionist is known for his ability to work in diff genres
larry rivers
_________ is a portrait painter who was a favorite of the queen of france and escaped the french revolution
lebrun
an early 20th century movement in painting begun by a group of french artists and marked by the use of bold often distorted forms and vivid colors is known as ________
les fauves
face painters who promoted portraits as a necessary part of family record keeping in the colonies were called
lillmners
an italian renaissance sculptor who experimented with clay was
luca della robbia
_________ one of the best known of the op artists said i believe producing pics a i do is almsot sole a question of wanting to do it well
m c escher
william shakespeare wrote _____ in tribute to the new royal family in the newly unified england and scotland
macbeth
________ used colors to express his own personal feelings and ideas rather than attributing abstract values and significance to them
macke
_________ is seen as an elegant intriguing art created for sophisticated courtiers
mannerist art
_________ painter of "lamentation over the dead christ" was enthused with donatellos florentine perspective
mantenga
______ explained the layout of his paintings when he said that the modern individed was tragically diviided
mark rothko
________ a print maker raised the standards of printmaking to the level of traditional pictorial art for the first time
martin schongauer
combo of theater music and dance involved pro actors courtiers and members of the english royal family were called
masques
the most innovative of the early italian renaissance painters who is known as the father of humanism was
massacio
which of these sculptors was made an instant success when he revealed his sculpture of david
michelangelo
___________ envisioned the sculpture as already existing in the stone and only needing to be set free
michelangelo buonarroti
__________ was a realist with a major influence on van gogh monet and pissaro
millet
__________ was the most renowned of the french rural naturalists
millet
because her work remained undervalued for more than a century after her death, ________ is considered a possible victim of gender bias in the time she worked
morrisot
________ trained as an artists and worked successfully as a portrait painter but is primarily remembered for his invention of the electric telograph
morse
william blake the visionary painter created his own
mythology
baroque artists believed that _______ should be reproduced without and improvements
nature
_______ grew out of the grand tour and the rediscovery and excavation of pompeii among other things
neoclassicism
mengs proposed that the most beautiful greek statues were not actually greek masterpieces by later copies
true
michelangelo best known for his painting of the sistine chapel at the vatican .... blah blah blah
true
neo impressionists had the same interest in atmospheric light as the impressionists
true
politically at the dawn of the 20th century it was an international feeling that human society would advance the spread of democracy capitalism and technological innovation
true
pop art movement looked to images of american pop art culture fame stardom and glamour
true
post ww2 european art has a harsh view of the world and draws on the expressionist work of van gogh edvard munch as well as picasso
true
socrates belief in the necessity of people thinking for themselves to develop sound values encapsulates the core beliefs of humanism
true
the field of medicine was greatly enriched during the renaissance
true
the manner in which the duke of mantua used rubens as court painter is proof that being rich and powerful does not mean smart
true
the netherlands split into holland and belgium because of the religious foment of the reformation
true
the practice of painting the same subject at different times of day led to numerous painting of haystacks cathedrals etc
true
there were three revolutions during the 18th century
true
da vinci believed the workings of the human body to be an analogy for the workings of the
universe
_______ who had his own roster of students at the age of 16 ws hired by rubens to paint heads
van dyck
____________ did not paint for two years while he learned to draw because he felt that the ability to draw well was a critical need for a painter
van gogh
greatest painter to emerge from the cara school of spain was
velasquez
albert cuyp is known as the creator of
view paintings
the _________ provides the perfect example of da vincis interest in proportion
vitruvian man
washington allston born in waccamaw river was sometimes called
NOT GERICAULT OR DA VINCI
the 8 and the ashcan school are the names given to the artists who are accredited to forming our first all american movement it was centered in _____________
NYC
in 1958 _____ turned to sculptor after many years of painting large canvases
george segal
_______ is a vibrant and varied movement that played a pivotal role in the avant garde in the first half of the 20th century
german expressionism
art suffered in ________ during and after the reformation
germany and austria
the gates of paradise in florence attributed to
ghiberti
________ trained in london is best known for his images of george washington
gilbert stuart
_____________ is considered a transitional artist
giotto
________ created third of may 1808 because executions of spanish citizens by french military
goya
domenikos ghentokopoulos originally from ______ became a prominent painter in spain
greece
women began to sign their artwork during the ______
1100's
with the _________ generation of panel painters, art work was simpler more direct and easier to understand
2nd
an alter piece composed of _________ parts is known as a triptych
3
_________ demonstrated a realistic style togther with careful drawing and an interest in his still life figures tend to be larger brightly lit and set close to picture plane
caravaggio
_________ never altered figured for the sake of grace
caravaggio
swedish born conceptual artist _______ began proposing large scale sculptures of everyday objects in the sixties
Claes Oldenberg
one of the great painters of the baroque era was _______ whose work involves realistic style with careful drawing and an interest in still life
caravaggio
______ emerged during the pop art period as an innovative creator of works combining canvas with ordinary objects of daily life
Jasper johns
1948 reopella signed an artist manifesto called refus global which called on the province of _________
Quebec
most admired paintings of _______ depicts rowdy lives of men who transported cargo
george caleb bingham
________ were inspired by cubist formalism and surrealist automatism
abstract expressionist
for ______ the canvas is the arena in which the artist acts
action painter
yosemite was one of the favorite subjects of __________
albert bierstadt
according to _______ painting i the mot important of the various forms of art. he wrote _____ books on the various forms of art
alberti 3
_________ is the leading artist of the danube school of german painting
albrecht altforfer
_____ piece eighteen happenings in six parts is commonly sighted as the first happening
allen kaprow
constant troyon one of the most prominent members of the barbizon school became ________ after a trip to holland
an animator
diane scultosi ghise _______ was the first woman allowed to sign her work under her own name
an engraver
the manifesto of surrealism by ________ outlined his own view of freuds dream theories
andre breton
the work _________ a venetian architect is characterized by the harmonious symmetry and rejection of ornamentation
andrea palladio
________ is recognized as the prince of pop
andy warhol
the churriqueras a family of ________ brought back a profusion of ornamentation in style known as churrigueresque
architects
the _______ blank movement is opposed to geometric formalism and cleared a way for a new concept that locates the origins of human expression in the simple honest mark
art informal
one of the most important characteristic of the ___________ movement is a dynamic undulating and flowing whiplash line of syncopated rhythm
art nouveau
the first international modernist movement of the 20th century was ________
art nouveau
artistic styles became less regional and more international during the renaissance because
arts and their work became more mobile
________ perspective was introduced by giotto
atmospheric
romanticism is more of _______ than a style
attitude
the _______ are best known for their gruesome sacrifices and cannibalistic ways
aztecs
a typical _________ extended over many acres and included diverse elements such as fountains pools
barque garden
futurist artist followed the field theory of space of this artist _____________ with objects distributing lines of force thru their surroundings
boccionni
_________ was criticized for painting in which he placed a heathern goddess in a spot normally reserved for virgin mary
botticelli
the first important paintings of ________ who eventually moved on to cubism were in the style of les fauves
braque
________ was hired by rubens to paint settings
brueghel
the first person to carry out a series of optical experiments that led to a mathematical theory of perspective was
brunelleschi
the problem of placing a dome in the crossing of the transept and nave of the florence cathedral was solved by
brunelleschi
impressionist __________ painted in a more realistic style than other impressionists and liked to paint the parisian blvds
caillebotte
given a camera by her daughters as age 49 _______ became one of the first photographic portraitists
cameron
a famous view painter who was very popular among the grand tour participants was
canalet
_______ is a painting or print of a fantastic imaginary landscape usually with architecture
capriccio
a genre painting illustrates scenes of
everyday events
a hole in the center of a dome that opens to the outside is known by the greek word for
eye, oculus
an association of german landscape painters active from the 1840s to 70s who lived in a village off barbizon was known as the barbizon school
false
artemisia gentileschi a female artist of baroque long paragraph
false
because he wasnt allowed to study nude figures in school , rosa substituted animals on farms for figure studies
false
color feild painters were an alternative to the gestural paint handling of the pop art painters
false
cubism two forms analytical and synthetic picasso called in sum of distructions. cubism lasted for 6 months
false
gallileo was acused of heresy after he developed the telescope
false
george segal whose plastic chicken wire etc to creat wildly abstract renderings of the chicken farm on which he grew up
false
german expressionism was composed of two groups the blue rider and the span
false
louis quatorze monarch spanish royal academy of painting and sculpture
false
most important painter in amsterdamn in the 17th century was frans hals who dropped out of university to study painting
false
new thinkers of the 18th century included jefferson ben franklin rousseau would act rationally and morally
false
teach in PA academy of fine art thomas sully became one of the early 19th century portrait painters known then
false
the four apostles was painted by albrecht altdorfer to demonstrate that a protestant art was possible
false
the point at which orthogonals appear to disappear on the horizon is called the central point
false
though he began as a realist painter, monet was one of the first to have impressionist paintings. he is considered the grandfather of impressionism
false
unfortunately as humane as the humanism movement was it led to a decline in the christian belief which was not the intent at all
false
unifying theme taught at the hudson river school located in an old covenant on the hudson river is the natural beauty and wonder of the american land
false
vermeer a painter known for meticulous detail in his work experimented with the newly developed microscope to achieve his goals
false
women held little authority as artists in italy lacked intelligence character and stamina restricted to landscape
false
spawned by a new thirst for knowledge _________ was edited by denis diderot and jean le rond dalembert
first encyclopedia
during the renaissance the area including todays belgium and southeastern france was known as
flanders
________ was the cradle of the italian renaissance
florence
during the baroque era england patronized primarily ________ artists for paintings
foreign
romantic sculptor _________ began as a stovemaker but ended up with sculpture on the arc de tromphe
francois rude
________ is an american architect who was working at the time of the bauhaus and the futurist architects but like antoni gaudhi he marched to his own drum
frank lloyd wright
paintings of _______ show an evolution from earlier hudson river painters like cole and durand
fredrich church
a mural painting on wet or dry plaster is known as a
fresco
for ___________ an artist such as Max ernst rubs a pencil or crayon across a piece of paper on a textured surface
frottage
_______ was neither a movement nor particularly artistic redefine human psyche from modern tech world
futurism
________ achieved great success with the mode of portraiture established and made popular by van dyck in the 1620s
gainsborough
english architects introduced ________ which became very popular among their british patrons
gardens
king of the art nouveau movement in spain was the architect
gaudi
both _____ and van gogh used strong colors vibrant texture and attempted to express emotion he too was an influence on les fauves
gauguin
_______ was elected to the florentine academy of design at the age of 23 really good for a female
gentileschi
because ______ renewed interest in classical ideas and ideals and reflected honor order and stability ________ used it to associate himself with roman emperors
neoclassicism napoleon
_________ made the first positive image photograph as a result of seeking a less cumbersome substitute for lithograpghy
niepce
there were no guilds in the southern renaissance so power and wealth and its influence on the arts was held in the hands of the wealthy
nobility
more experimental artists is significant of
north renaissance
The northern part of italy is known as
northern renaissance
the painting order no 11 inspired __________ to become an art critic
one of the james brothers
________ is a branch of geometric abstract art that deal with optical illusion
op art
donatello is most famous for his
painting
__________ is ttributed to both giorgione and titian
pastoral concert
americas first professional still life painter was
peale
____________ described three periods of history: ancient, middle, or dark ages and modern
petrarch
________ was an ardent supporter of the arts in spain
phillip II
___________ created large narrative works crowded with figures with moralizing or satirical subject matter
pieter bruegel the elder
_________ is widely regarded as the father of impressionism
pissarro
_______ aimed t use the techniques of advertising and themes of pop culture to encourage people to think
pop art
sofonisba anguissola court painter to phillip II of spain painted _____ because they were appropriately lowly enough for mere women
portraits
due to the interest in individuality during the renaissance there was a major increase in the requests for _____. of course greater wealth for _____ also helped
portraiture, middle class
the ________ were united in rejecting the relative absence of form and emotion characteristics of impressionism
post impressionists
_______ did not record nature, but organzied natural elements and figures into idealized compositions
poussin
american neoclassical sculptor was ______ who called himself the yankee stonecutter
powers
______ was the director of all archeological projects in rome under pope leo x
rafael sanzio
rococo art is a _______ to the formality and rigidity of the 17th century court life
reaction
________ were the first artists to enjoy the emancipation of artists due to the camera
realists
according to the _________ people are better served when art is true to reality
realists
the ________ movement is characterized more by subject matter than style
realists
________ the creator of ruckus manhattan says its the city that makes the language
red grooms
among other things, financial abuses and lavish lifestyles among the clergy as well as the sale indulgences by julius II led to the
reformation
ornate _______ were used to contain the relics of saints in churched during the middle ages and the renaissance
reliquaries
_______ learned the naturalism drama and extreme tenebrism of caravaggio by studying under pieter lastman
rembrandt
_______ was second onyl to durer in his enthusiasm for printmaking
rembrandt
_________ a realist is considered one of the finests artists in all russian history
repin
_______ attempted to elevate portraiture to the level of history painting by giving it mythological or historical veneer
reynnolds
________ was far removed from the classicising caravaggesque techniques but was very influential
rigaud
______ is best known for his wild assimbelliges and works which is called combines
robert rauchensberg
__________ was a major painter of the first generation of panel painters
roger campin
_____ counted the enlightenments faith in reason and empirical knowledge. inspired emotions and subjective forms of experience
romanticism
the _______ portrayed triumphant heroism defeat savagery with irresistable nobility and pathos
romanticists
_______ eventually became known as le grand refusee because he was never acepted by the salon of the time
rousseau
central to ________ identification of pop arts is his use of the benday dot
roy lichtenstein
as a result of his work as a painter ______ was able to afford a large mansion to house his family
rubens
in the italian renaissance artists turn to ______ for inspiration because of the interests of their patrons
ruling classes
supremitism and constructivism are art movements that took place in one location __________ but had far reaching influence in the world of art
russia
_______ is a futurist architect whos futuristic visions of a giant new metropolis influenced generations of architects and designers
sant'elia
________ is considered the most outstanding achievement in the papal rooms of the vatican
school of athens
david smith is a _______ whose work is considered abstract expressionism
sculptor
individuals did not interest ________ only their fomal elegance
seurat
________ helped develop the pointillist style which played a decisive role in the evolution of fauvism
signac
before mural painters began to paint they make a sketch on the wall known as a
sinopia
an englishman ________ invented the first process for manufacturing steel inexpensively
sir bessemer
the invention of an inexpensive steel manufacturing process was essential to the development of
sky scrapers
daily activities and rituals of the ________ often but not necessarily under the direction of a shaman elder influenced their behaviors
south east indians
in spite of the bankruptcy of the monarchy the baroque era in __________ was known as the golden age
spain
_________ is regared as the secluded paiter poet of muichs heumarkt
spitzweg
paintings involving artfully arranged inanimate objects on a table or other surface are called
still life
___________ is the result of the dissatisfaction of artists with the playful nonsense activities of the dadas
surrealism
the __________ developed a number of techniques for liberating the individual unconcious including dream analysis
surrealists
_______ developed a process by which a negative image can be used to create a number of positive points
talbot
during the renaissance artists began to use ________ less in favor of the new medium _______
tempera oils
___________ is an easily worked clay medium
terra cotta
artists of the baroque era wanted the viewers to be more intellectually and emotionally involved in __________ art
the
paolo veronese had to change the title of his painting _______ when he was called before the inquisition in venice
the last supper
goya was called before inquisition because of the painting
the nude MAJA
_________ is the reason for the development in the intellectual and spiritual life of europe as well as the arts
the printed book
_________ painted the land with a sense of dramatic enrgies found in nature
thomas cole
another painter beside michelangelo who sought the essence of form and idea in his late works is
titian
the composition made ________ the most celebrated painter in venice
titian
you are
toast
sophisticated patrons encouraged artists to embrace new techniques such as
trompe
albrecht durer became the first north european artist to travel italy solely for the purpose of studying italian renaissance
true
an early piece demonstrating excellent use of the perspective was "delivery of the keys to st peter" by perugino
true
angels of the highest order are known as seraphim
true
artists of baroque era were more knowledgeable in biological sciences blah blah blah
true
at the beginning of the baroque era european colonies were firmly established in north america aouth america and the caribbean
true
baroque art is characterized by compositions which contained strong diagonal directional forces
true
bauhaus was an art architect school from 1919-1933 super long thing
true
because the puritans wanted only the simplest functional buildings for homes and churched native style was developed in architecture before painting or sculpture
true
career of clara peeters began before she was 14 and she was the first painter to use flowers and food together in a still life
true
cities of flanders were self governing which could explain the independance of the area
true
colonies in north america reflected the tastes of the european countries that rules the colonies
true
die brucke (the bridge) was a group of young artist interested in ed varde munch in the sculptures of africa and the masks of austrailian aboriginals
true
everette shin a member of the 8 was an instructor like harper
true
faced by the hardships of the factory workers and peasants such as the bent double women who harvested rice for milanese risotto some divisionists became radicals
true
flanders known as the northern renaissance was the leading center of painting outside italy in the 1400s
true
followers of dada black humor etc were a driving force. the random method of choosing a name was a strong indicator of what was to come
true
for the first time society and artists began to recognize the cognitive and intellectual realm of art and artists during the peak of the south renaissance
true
french academy (french salon) used a jury of members to select the works to be shown modeled public taste
true
french painter who was a leader in the neo impressionist movement, seurat is the ultimate example of the artist as scientists because of his life long study of color theories and the effects on different linear structures
true
french rejected romanticism in the early 1800s
true
giogione and his collegue titian were among the first italians to use oil paint
true
group portraits of corporate organization membership became a dutch specialty shared the cost
true
henry VIII an accomplished musical composer provided a strong support of the arts while he favored artists from the netherlands and france he preferred the work of english architects
true
jacques louis david was responsible for signing on some 300 executions (record for an artist)
true
joan helen grace are part of second generation of abstract expressionism
true
ledoux had a very utopian attitude he felt that the industry should provide the foundation for a better future
true
mannerist architecture defied the conventional use of the classical orders, uniformity and rationality in designs
true
mannerists painters imbued with highly skilled techniques and being concerned with ...... elegant compositions
true
emerson was strongly influenced by the paintings and poems of
washington alston
_________ created the new rococo style when he submitted work in that style to the royal academy
watteau
_________ epitomizes the french rococo style
watteau
________ paintings of cake pie candy etc painted with thick paint and bright colors were first exhibited in NY in 1961
wayne thebad
the __________ at chartruese de champmoi contained sculpture indicative of the coming renaissance
well of moses
_______ established the first school of art in the US upon his return from europe
west
one of the first american artists to win a wide reputation in europe was _______
west
_______ considered it most important to record honesty and passionately his sense of the world around him
william de kooning
________ art historian who disliked rococo pushed neoclassical work
winckelman
_________ began as a professor of astronomy before becoming an architect in england
wren
________ using the lighting of the baroque era created painting which demonstrated his devotion to all things science
wright
