arth 190c exam 2 keywords/concepts
berlin dada
agitprop photomontage style
displacement
an unconscious process whereby feelings or emotions are transferred from their original source onto another object or sign
condensation
an unconscious process whereby two ideas or images combine into a single symbol; especially in dreams
assemblage
art that is made by assembling disparate elements - often everyday objects - scavenged by the artist or bought specially
free will and freedom from politics
forms of freedom were enacted by the collective actions group's participatory artworks
john d rockefeller jr
founded moma in new york in 1929
jean tinguely
nouveau réaliste artist that used kinetic sculpture
new york school
1940s art scene that emerged in new york post wwii reflects the notion that after wwii, new york took over from paris as the world center for innovation in modern art
the uncanny
Freudian concept that describes a strange and anxious feeling sometimes created by familiar objects in unfamiliar contexts
trap picture
a still life created by gluing real artifacts to a display surface, like freezing a moment in time
dada
an art movement dormed during wwii in zurich in negative reaction to the horrors and folly of war
agitprop
artistic form of propaganda that spread to the general public through popular media with an explicitly political message
relational aesthetics
artistic practices based on, or inspired by, human relations and their social context
aura according to walter benjamin
artwork's unique presence in the world as authentic, exquisite, handmade object
mocked abstract expressionism by making similar paintings with machines in place of artists were often designed to self-destruct
aspects of jean tingeuly's kinetic sculptures
aerial bombing, advertising, trench warfare, gas masks, chemical weapons (gas)
aspects of wwi that transformed visual culture
kazimir malevich
associated with supermatism
new woman
associated with the first wave of feminism that referred to the middle class of white women who pushed against the limits set by male dominated society by becoming educated, embarking careers, changing their way of dress, and engaging more in public life
new mexico
at the threat of nazi power many surrealists moved here
decalcomania, frottage, grattage
automatic painting process developed by max ernst
postmodernism
came into wide use in the 1970s in the wake of abstract expressionism and minimalism
avant-garde art is for the cultured and educated while kitch is for the ignorant masses avant-garde art cannot be injected with political messages while kitsch is easily used as a vehicle of propaganda
clement greenberg's idea of the distinction between avant-garde art and kitsch
jackson polluck
closely related with drip painting
exquisite corpse
collaborative drawing approach first used by surrealist artists to create bizarre and intuitive drawings
define set aesthetic and political view of a particular arts movement often criticize and aspect of contemporary culture or of prior art movement
common elements of art manifesto
claude cahun & marcel moore
contested the medical and psychological notions that the "truth" of one's gender could found inside of the body or the psyche
men returned from the war, mutilated and traumatized ratio of women to men in france jumped significantly, disrupting equilibrium between the sexes during the war women had worked as industrial or agricultural workers, roles traditionally performed by men people began to question the links between biological sex and cultural gender roles
contributed to anxiety about gender roles in france post wwi
disponibilte
describes the surrealist state of receptive openness to whatever might happen, used to produce artwork "automatically"
niki de saint phalle
developed shooting pictures
andre kertesz
distorted female figures that stand in for male anxieties about emasculation and deformation
produces self-othering by replicating the self as the other complicates the idea of a unitary sense of self
effects created by the use of doubling in women and trans surrealist artworks
appropriation art
employs an already exiting sign (image, text, sound, etc) in a new composition/artwork
watts rebellion
event inspired Noah Purifoy to abandon Dada-style work and begin making artwork out of debris and wreckage
happening
events created by artists in the late 1950s and early 1960s, which were the forerunners of performance art
photomontage
form of collage developed by hannah hoch as a tool of satire and political protest, which includes cut or torn and pasted photographic reproductions
false
hannah hoch believed it was a good thing that the new woman was a woman who achieved economic independence so she could become a consumer
Salvador dali
hyper-realistic depictions of complexly symbolic, irrational dreamscapes
environment
immersive mixed-media constructions usually designed for a specific place and for a temporary period of time, which were the forefunners of installation art
Rene Magritte
incongruous elements from everyday life depicted with simple, deadpan realism
sigmund freud
initially developed the theory of unconscious
american flag does not express the emotions of the painter, but instead evoke unique emotions for each viewer flag showed that artists were not free to make whatever they liked during the cold war, but merely parrotted the nationalism of popular media flag is a prescribed composition, taking away the artist's freedom to choose colors or make random marks
jaspher john's paintings
zurich dada
nonsense style
sound poem
nonsensical poem that focuses on phonetic aspects of human speech rather than on semantics or syntax
arman
nouveau réaliste artist that used accumulations
yves klein
nouveau réaliste artist that used anthropometries
daniel spoerri
nouveau réaliste artist that used trap pictures
cabaret voltaire
performance that marked the birth of dada
art must be a unique, stable object like painting or sculpture art is a marketable commodity; that the perceptual aspects of art, what it looks like, are key to its significance art must be hand made by the artist
postmodernism embodies a rejection of these characteristics of modernism
using women's bodies as paintbrushes, he could distance his own bodily movements from the act of painting, so as not to imprint the canvas with his psychology
primary reason why yves klein developed anthropometries
not a pure manifestation of the artist's internal state, but refers to the mundane daily reality of bodily functions not purely art, but somewhere between art and life neither purely a painting nor purely a sculpture
robert rauschenburg's "bed"
frida kahlo
self-portraits exploring themes of physical and emotional pain
joan miro
semi figurative symbolic shapes floating on the canvas as if it were an interior world or hallucination
french state's efforts to efface wartime trauma by returning to normal
surrealists turned to the irrationality of the unconscious as a way to protest what?
specular consumption
the act of consuming with the eyes, through the gaze
secondary revision
the effort to make narrative sense or coherent account of the dream on waking, and the various censorships and revisions that this entails
zone of indistinguishability
the moment during a participatory art piece when one can tell that something is happening but cannot clarify what exactly is taking place
self-othering
the process by which othering is applied to oneself so that one's own self or unconscious mind is conceptualized as the stranger within
nazi power
this threat causes surrealists artists to move into hiding and exile
Jiri kovanda
took the form of minimal gestures in public spaces in prague, which involved viewers in the creation of an artwork without their knowing
hans bellmer
uncanny photographs of a dismembered dolls regarded as quintessential examples of surrealist misogyny
meret oppenhein
use of fur covered objects
claude cahun & marcel moore
use of masks
leonora carrington
use of mythical beasts
dorthea tanning
use of sunflowers
believed they had led to the war
why dada artists were disgusted with rationality and modernity
the paintings were used to symbolize the idea that artists were free under capitalism
why eve cockroft believed abstract expressionism was a weapon of the cold war
regular people can encounter artworks in the context of their daily lives artworks and media can be recontextualize to critique their nationalistic messages mass produced images can be recontextualized to be used as weapons against the fascist state
why walter benjamin believes mechanical reproduction is good for art
remedios varo
women portrayed as alchemists
interiority and agency
women surrealists faced problem of depicting their own experiences because in the history of western part they were often depicted without this