Assessment Process
An individual's responses or scores on the MDS 3.0 may link to a "trigger" that requires a Care Area Trigger (CAT) to be completed. This means that... A) an individual will receive a more in-depth assessment in this area B) the CTRS must complete an interview with the family C) the assessment was completed incorrectly D) the information from the assessment is neither valid or reliable
A) An individual will receive a more in-depth assessment in this area
Almost all models of TR service delivery start with the step of... A) assessment B) goal development C) program evaluation D) quality improvement
A) Assessment
In community-based TR programs, clients often self-select and preregister for programs, which usually replaces the needs for... A) assessment B) program planning C) leadership D) a CTRS
A) Assessment
An assessment protocol increases the likelihood that the assessment will... A) be administered the same way every time it is given B) be psychometrically sound C) focus on more than leisure and activity interests D) be reliable for a wide variety of clients
A) Be administered the same way every time it is given
In assessment the most significant source of information is usually the... A) client B) care giver C) medical records D) team members
A) Client
What is likely to happen if the assessment instrument is NOT administered in a reliable way to clients? A) Client placement into programs will likely be wrong B) Clients will improve their functional abilities more quickly C) The activity analysis will yield faculty results D) The client's length of stay will be reduced
A) Client placement into programs will likely be wrong
A CTRS wants to assess a patient's/client's ability to follow simple directions. The CTRS should assess behavior from which of the following domains? A) Cognitive B) Physical C) Emotional D) Social
A) Cognitive
Which of the following are NOT tested by the Mini Mental State Exam? A) Color recognition B) Ability to follow directions C) Orientation D) Recall
A) Color recognition
A CTRS is responsible for administering the MDS 3.0 to her residents. She knows the first step is to... A) determine whether the resident can indicate a preference B) discuss the resident's needs with the interdisciplinary treatment team C) assess the resident's leisure preferences and interests D) create a variety of activities of interest to the residents
A) Determine whether the resident can indicate a preference
The CTRS wants to assess whether her clients follow the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines for physical activity involvement. She asks which of the following questions? A) Do you, on average, exercise for 30 minutes per day at least 5 days a week? B) Do you participate in at least 4 physical leisure activities per week? C) Do you achieve resting heart rate of at least 100 beats per minute? D) How many miles d o you walk in one day, on average?
A) Do you, on average, exercise for 30 minutes per day at least 5 days a week?
When assessing a child's ability to remain seated during a 30-minute activity, the CTRS would look for which of the following behavioral characteristics? A) Duration of behavior B) Frequency of behavior C) Intensity of behavior D) Rate of the behavior
A) Duration of behavior
Two CTRSs created agency-specific assessments on their own. One CTRS's assessment results in a score that then is used to place clients into TR programs, while the other CTRS's results in open-ended comments that are more difficult to analyze. The second CTRS's assessment will result in... A) faulty program placement decisions and inability to shoe client outcomes B) better validity of assessment results C) better reliability of assessment results D) improved ability to report accurate results to the treatment team
A) Faulty program placement decisions and inability to show client outcomes
Consider the following two interview questions/statements to be used in a client assessment. 1) "Tell me how you would go about finding transportation to get to an athletic event downtown." 2) "Tell me about your family." Interview question/statement 1 is better than 2, because it... A) focuses on the specific content of TR programs B) requires less short-memory from the client C) required less time for the client to answer D) takes more time to analyze and interpret the answer for placement into programs
A) Focuses on the specific content of TR programs
Which method of behavioral observation and recording is the CTRS using when he wants to know how many times the client attends TR programs? A) Frequency or tally B) Duration C) Interval D) Instantaneous time sampling
A) Frequency of tally
Which method of behavioral observation and recording is the CTRS using when he notes how many times the client uses negative self-statements? A) Frequency or tally B) Duration C) Interval D) Instantaneous time sampling
A) Frequency or tally
The Leisure Competence Measure (LCM) parallels the format of which of the following client assessments? A) Functional Independence Measure (FIM) B) Rancho Los Amigos Scale C) Brief Leisure Rating Scale (BLRS) D) Leisure Barriers Inventory (LBI)
A) Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
The General Recreation Screening Tool (GRST) assessment tool is intended for which population? A) Individuals with developmental/intellectual disabilities B) Older individuals living in the community C) Individuals with Parkinson's disease D) Individuals with spinal cord injuries
A) Individuals with developmental/intellectual disabilities
When an assessment is norm-referenced, it means that the assessment was/is... A) interpreted based on the average scored for that person's peer group B) based on a normal population's average scores C) referenced using the major texts in the TR literature D) based on scored of normal behavior expected within that developmental life stage
A) Interpreted based on the average scored for that person's peer group
Validity, as a measurement characteristic, asks which of the following questions? A) Is the instrument measuring what it is intended to measure? B) Will the same results happen if the instrument is given a second time? C) Does the manual include directions for administering, scoring and interpreting results? D) How consistent are the results from one client to another?
A) Is the instrument measuring what it is intended to measure?
Which of the following is an advantage of the Functional Independence Measure (FIM?) A) It encourages repeated measurement/assessment of skills over time B) It has been validated with the Rehabilitation Measurement Tools (RMT) series C) It requires minimal prompting D) It requires input from family members who best know the client
A) It encourages repeated measurement/assessment of skills over time
What role does a good assessment play in providing intervention programs to clients? A) It ensures that clients are placed in the right programs for their needs B) It shows the client what his/her leisure interests are C) It provided feedback to the therapist about how well the program is going D) It is the basis for quality improvement
A) It ensures that clients are placed in the right programs for their needs
Which of the following assessments would be located in the category of Leisure Attitudes and Barriers? A) Leisure Motivation Scale (LMS) B) BANDI-RT C) Therapeutic Recreation Index (TRI) D) Leisure Barriers Inventory (LBI)
A) Leisure Motivation Scale (LMS)
The Idyll Arbor Activity Assessment (IIAA) assessment tool is primarily intended for which population? A) Older adults living in long-term care facilities B) Older adults living independently in the community C) Children in pediatric hospitals D) Individuals with developmental/intellectual disabilities
A) Older adults living in long-term care facilities
An assessment protocol is used to specify which of the following? A) Procedures for conducting the assessment B) Procedures for creating the assessment C) The qualifications of the person administering the assessment D) The validity and reliability of the assessment tool
A) Procedures for conducting the assessment
All of the following are considered disadvantaged of reviewing medical records instead of interviewing or observing the client EXCEPT... A) reducing redundancy for the client B) potential inaccuracy of the data C) limited amount of kinds of data D) reducing personal contact with the client
A) Reducing redundancy for the client
Which of the following is a TRUE statement about the Mini Mental State Exam? A) Scores between 24 and 30 indicate normal cognition B) The professional must have a minimum of a master's degree to administer it C) The MMSA is not able to distinguish between different types of dementia D) The MMSE takes 10-15 minutes to administer
A) Scores between 24 and 30 indicate normal cognition
The Leisure Competence Measure has scales that measure elements of leisure based on mastery in areas such as... A) social appropriateness and community-based participation B) functional abilities and participation in large-group activities C) functional intervention, leisure education, and recreation participation D) activity analysis, activity selection, and activity modification
A) Social appropriateness and community-based participation
The CTRS wants to assess clients for placement into a leisure education program. The CTRS should make sure the instrument is valid measures which of the following? A) Social skills, leisure activity skills, leisure resources, and leisure awareness B) Functional limitations, social skills, and physical abilities C) Leisure interests, functional limitations, leisure awareness, and leisure resources D) Decision-making skills, small group and large group interaction skills, and leisure resources
A) Social skills, leisure activity skills, leisure resources, and leisure awareness
The CTRS tracks the number of times a client responds appropriately to another peer. The type of observation is being recorded through the _________________________ method. A) tally B) duration C) interval D) instantaneous time sampling
A) Tally
Which of the following is a TRUE statement about the Leisure Competence Measure (LCM)? A) The LCM's scales are evaluated based on a seven-point rating system B) The LCM mirrors the content of the Leisure Diagnostic Battery C) The LCM was constructed specifically for individuals with acquired brain injury D) The LCM shows the highest reliability and validity for individuals living in group homes
A) The LCM's scales are evaluated based on a seven-point rating system
The results from any assessment should give the CTRS a clear indication of... A) the programs in which the client should be placed B) the client's leisure interests C) the validity of the tool D) how successful the client has been in achieving the program outcomes
A) The programs in which the client should be placed
If the client assessment cannot distinguish between those who need the program and those who do not, what is likely to happen to the clients? A) They are likely to receive the wrong program, diversional program, or no program at all B) They will receive both functional intervention and leisure education C) They are more likely to benefit from community integration programs D) They are more likely to efficiently reach their outcomes and achieve an early discharge
A) They are likely to receive the wrong program, a diversional program, or no program at all
One of the major DISADVANTAGES of using interviews in client assessment is... A) unless the scoring system is in place ahead of time, they are difficult to score and analyze B) they are less likely to get correct information than observations C) that clients often lie about their leisure participation patterns prior to admission D) they reduce personal contact between the client and the CTRS
A) Unless the scoring system is in place ahead of time, they are difficult to score and analyze
A CTRS selects the Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreational Therapy Scale (CERT-Psych) to measure behavior of a client as observed in group activities. Which assessment characteristic has the CTRS considered in making this selection? A) Validity B) Reliability C) Usability D) Practicability
A) Validity
When is it most appropriate to use structured observations for client assessment? A) When actual behavior is of concern B) When the person's perceptions of behaviors are important C) When the person acts out in public D) Rarely, interviews are always the better choice for client assessment purposes
A) When actual behavior is of concern
A major limitation of the Recreation Early Development Screening Tool (REDS) assessment instrument is that it... A) has not been tested for reliability of the results B) focuses too heavily on development of birth to one year old C) lacks any relationship to play and leisure behavior D) is only appropriate for normally functioning children
A) has not been tested for reliability of the results
One example of a "trigger" within the Activities section on the MDS 3.0 would be when the individual... A) prefers more or different activity choices than are now being offered B) rarely receives visits from family or friends C) is completely independent in his/her leisure pursuits D) is ready for discharge to his/her home
A) prefers more or different activity choices than are now being offered
One of the primary criteria for selecting client assessments for use in TR programs is that... A) the content of the assessment matches the content of the intervention program B) it improves the expertise of the specialist C) the inter-rater reliability is high D) it requires specialized training just for CTRSs
A) the content of the assessment matches the content of the intervention program
After administering the Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB), the CTRS scored the client's sub-scales and found that the client had an external locus of control, among other findings. Which if the following client statements would confirm these assessment results? A) "I am a very goal-oriented person" B) "I want you to make that decision for me" C) "I am saving money to go on a vacation next month" D) "I followed up on our conversation and I'm entering that writing contest next week"
B) "I want you to make that decision for me"
The Fox Activity Therapy Social Skills Baseline assessment was developed for use with which population? A) Older individuals in nursing homes B) Adults with developmental disabilities C) Adults with mental health disturbances D) Disabled Children in inclusion programs
B) Adults with developmental disabilities
The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services requires that the MDS 3.0 Assessment be conducted with... A) all individuals in mental health facilities B) all individuals in long-term care facilities C) qualified individuals in physical medicine facilities D) individuals over the age of 65 with a confirmed medical disabilities
B) All individuals in long-term care facilities
Which of the following is NOT assessed as part of a cognitive assessment for older adults? A) Memory B) Communication skills C) Problem-solving skills D) Safety awareness
B) Communication skills
The CTRS working in a psychiatric facility for adults needs an assessment instrument that has the capability of monitoring clients in the three areas of general performance, individual performance, and group performance. Which of the following published assessment instruments would be MOST suitable? A) Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB) B) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy Scale (CERT-Psych) C) Self-Leisure Interest Profile (SLIP) D) Leisure Activates Blank (LAB)
B) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy Scale (CERT-Psych)
The CTRS wants to assess clients' sensory abilities in functional areas such as visual acuity, depth perception, auditory acuity, and tactile sensation. The best assessment instrument for this use might be the... A) Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) B) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy-Physical Disabilities (CERT-PD) C) FOX Assessment D) Functional Assessment of Therapeutic Recreation Skills
B) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy-Physical Disabilities (CERT-PD)
The CTRS is looking for an assessment instrument to measure functional skills. Which of the following is most likely to be an appropriate instrument? A) Leisurescope B) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreational Therapy- Psych/Behavioral/Revised C) Leisure Diagnostic Battery D) Therapeutic Recreation Leisure Barriers Inventory
B) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreational Therapy-Psych/Behavioral/Revised
Which method of behavioral observation and recording is the CTRS using when she records how long certain behavior lasts? A) Frequency or tally B) Duration C) Interval D) Instantaneous time sampling
B) Duration
Which method of behavioral observation and recording is the CTRS using when she wants to record how long a client's outburst last? A) Frequency or tally B) Duration C) Interval D) Instantaneous time sampling
B) Duration
Which of the following is most likely to produce error in a client's assessment score? A) Lack of confidence in the CTRS B) Inconsistent administration of the assessment tool C) Computerizing the assessment process D) Following an assessment protocol
B) Inconsistent administration of the assessment tool
One advantage to records reviews for client assessment data collection is that... A) information from relatives is readily available B) it is usually time efficient C) it can reduce time spent in treatment team meetings D) it is required by the Joint Commission
B) It is usually time efficient
Which if the following is a TRUE statement about the Functional Assessments of Characteristic for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R)? A) It is intended only for individuals who have been diagnosed with dementia B) It recognized that some functional abilities cannot be improved through TR services C) It is intended primarily for individuals with traumatic brain injury D) It is an observational tool that is used during free-time activities
B) It recognizes that some functional abilities cannot be improved through TR services
A CTRS is interested in determining a patient's leisure interests. From the following options, the CTRS should choose which assessment? A) Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB) B) Leisurescope C) BANDI-RT D) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreational Therapy Scale (CERT)-Psych
B) Leisurescope
When a CTRS uses an activity inventory as the sole measurement for client services, the likelihood of producing client outcomes is... A) unnecessary B) minimal C) secondary to treatment team reports D) high
B) Minimal
The CTRS observes the client's ability to complete a five-minute walking endurance test. What functional behavioral is being assessed? A) Cognitive B) Physical C) Social D) Emotional
B) Physical
The purpose of client assessment is to... A) provide feedback on the effectiveness of an intervention program B) place clients in programs based on their needs C) improvement communication between members of the treatment team D) evaluate client performance in TR programs
B) Place clients in programs based on their needs
All of the following are examples of leisure barriers measured in the Leisure Barrier Inventory, EXCEPT... A) Time, money, and transportation B) Poor self-concept C) Availability of leisure partners D) Understanding of leisure as a concept
B) Poor self-concept
The content of the assessment must match the content of the... A) activity analysis B) program C) treatment plan D) quality improvement plan
B) Program
All of the following are ways to establish rapport with clients in an assessment interview, EXCEPT... A) introduce yourself and explain your department B) provide answers for the client C) refer to the client by name D) use body language that signals you are listening
B) Provide answers for the client
In the process of developing an assessment instrument, the CTRS observes and rates the client. Then the first CTRS has another CTRS observe and rate the client on the same functional behaviors. The ratings are then compared, with a nearly perfect coefficient. What instrument characteristics is being determined? A) Validity B) Reliability C) Usability D) Practicality
B) Reliability
The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) measures which of the following three aspects of social cognition? A) orientation to time, date, and place B) social interaction, problem solving, and memory C) orientation to people, place, and weather D) signage, printed materials, and audio materials
B) Social interaction, problem solving, and memory
Asking the question, "How stable is the instrument over a given period of time?" is an example of looking at the assessment's... A) concurrent validity statistics B) test-retest estimates C) Cronbach's alpha D) internal consistency estimates
B) Test-retest estimates
In order to place clients into a leisure education program, the CTRS wants to assess social barriers to leisure involvement. Which of the following is the MOST appropriate content for the assessment instrument? A) The ability to problem solve and make decisions B) The ability to interact in group situations C) The ability to control emotions D) The ability to locate resources for leisure activities
B) The ability to interact in group situations
If the Therapeutic Recreation Activity Assessment (TRAA) is not administered the same way every time, what is likely to happen? A) The clients will begin to question the professionalism of the CTRS B) The assessment results will not be reliable C) The comparison of the results to the Leisure Diagnostic Battery will be compromised D) There will be little to report in the treatment team meeting
B) The assessment results will not be reliable
What is likely to happen when the content of the assessment does not match the content of the programs designed for client participation? A) The assessment is likely to be more valid than reliable B) The assessment will not lead to proper program placement and clients will not reach their goals C) Outcomes will be better defined and less ambiguous D) The assessment will have less cultural bias and increased sensitivity
B) The assessment will not lead to proper program placement and clients will not reach their goals
Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning secondary data collection for assessment purposes? A) The CTRS does not need to worry about reliability and validity of the results B) The data is only as good as the source C) Family members are known to be reliable sources of assessment data D) Test-retest reliability is especially important in secondary data collection
B) The data is only as good as the source
In Section O of the MDS 3.0, all of the following conditions must be present to be considered concurrent therapy EXCEPT... A) two or more residents are engaged in different tasks B) the director of nursing must be present C) the residents must be in direct line of sight of the therapist or assistant D) Students interns must be in direct line of sight of therapist, if providing treatment
B) The director of nursing must be present
If a client assessment produces results that are reliable, it means that... A) the content of the assessment matches the content of the intervention program B) the same client will receive about the same score if given the assessment twice C) clients are placed into the most appropriate programs that meet their needs D) two different assessments will produce the same results over time
B) The same client will receive about the same score if given the assessment twice
A CTRS solely uses an activity inventory to assess clients' functional abilities. Which of the following is MOST likely to happen? A) The validity of results is increased B) The validity of results is decreased C) The reliability of results is increased D) The reliability of results is decreased
B) The validity of results is decreased
One method to increase inter-rater reliability in observations is to... A) improve the construct validity of the instrument B) use clearly defined and non-overlapping categories C) support the results with extensive interviews D) purchase and compare similar interest inventories
B) Use clearly defined and non-overlapping categories
Which of the following diagnoses would NOT suggest that the CTRS interview family members instead of the client? A) Dementia B) Traumatic brain injury C) Hearing impairment D) Frontal lobe damage
C) Hearing impairment
All of the following are true statements about client assessment in TR EXCEPT assessments should be... A) selected or developed based on a specific purpose B) able to gather necessary information in a logical and straightforward manner C) able to be completed by clients within a short time frame D) able to produce results that are as valid and reliable as possible
C) Able to be completed by clients within a short time frame
What effect has clients' shortened lengths of stay had on client assessment? A) It is now a much easier task because clients are more focused on their own treatment B) The connection between gathering a baseline of information and measuring for outcomes has been strengthened C) Assessments need to be concise and administered more quickly following admission D) The effect has been minimal because CTRSs have always been known for efficient assessments
C) Assessments need to be concise and administered more quickly following admission
One of the problems with client assessment in TR services is that.... A) there are too many assessments from which to select B) clients are too diverse to be assessed C) assessments that are validated for practice are difficult to find and use D) the information they gather is often in conflict with that of other treatment team members
C) Assessments that are validated for practice are difficult to find and use
In the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), communication is measured by... A) ataxia and apraxia B) how the client interacts with others during a leisure education social skills program C) both comprehension of incoming messages and expression of outgoing messages D) the degree of aphasia experienced by the client
C) Both comprehension of incoming messages and expression of outgoing messages
The MDS 3.0 assessment is requited by which of the following agencies? A) Joint Commission (JCAHO) B) Rehabilitation Accreditation Commission (CARF) C) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) D) American Therapeutic Recreation Association (ATRA)
C) Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services ( CMS)
Which of the following is NOT an advantage of the Mini Mental State Exam? A) Short administration time B) Few resources required C) Certification for administration is easy to obtain D) Reasonable reliability over time
C) Certification for administration is easy to obtain
Reliability, as a measurement characteristic, asks which of the following questions? A) Does the manual included directions for administering, scoring and interpreting results? B) Does the instrument match the programs offered to clients? C) Does the instrument yield accurate information about the client? D) Is the instrument measure what it is intended to measure?
C) Does the instrument yield accurate information about the client?
A CTRS wants to assess a patient's/client's ability to control anger. The CTRS should assess behavior from which of the following domains? A) Cognitive B) Physical C) Emotional D) Social
C) Emotional
Which of the following is an appropriate area for assessing affective functioning? A) Dual communication skills B) Safety awareness C) Emotional regulation D) Leisure attitudes
C) Emotional regulation
The purpose of client assessment in TR is to... A) identify a client's leisure interests B) make appropriate referrals to various professionals C) gather information to develop an individual treatment plan D) list the client's strengths and weaknesses
C) Gather information to develop an individual treatment plan
One reason that client assessment is important to TR service delivery is it... A) empowers clients to prepare for life changes B) relates directly to program evaluation C) helps clients achieve their goals by being placed in the most appropriate programs D) analyzes which programs are best for certain groups of clients
C) Helps clients achieve their goals by being placed in the most appropriate programs
The CTRS wants to assess clients' stress management skills. Which of the following questions is most appropriate?... A) Can you feel the breath going in and out of your body? B) When is the last time you experienced stress? C) How do you handle stress when you experience it? D) Are you aware of stress?
C) How do you handle stress when you experience it?
Which of the following is NOT an appropriate question for a cognitive assessment for older adults in long-term care? A) What day of the week is it today? B) How would you find someone to play cards with while here in the facility? C) How often do you talk with family members? D) What leisure activities did you like to do before you became a resident here?
C) How often do you talk with your family members?
The CTRS wants to assess social skills. Which of the following questions is most appropriate? A) What do you like to do when you're alone? B) What do you do for fun? C) How would you greet someone you did not know? D) Do you enjoy dual sports?
C) How would you greet someone you did not know?
The following scale is taken from which assessment instrument used by CTRSs? Family/friends support __________________ broad support for leisure activities (at least 2x week) __________________ support of leisure activities moderate (4-7x month) __________________ Family/friendship relations strained; some effort made __________________ isolated; no family or friends make contact with resident A) General Recreation Screening Tool (GRST) B) Functional Assessment of Characteristics for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R) C) Idyll Arbor Activity Assessment (IIAA) D) Leisure Competence Measure (LCM)
C) Idyll Arbor Activity Assessment (IIAA)
Which method of behavioral observation and recording is the CTRS using when she wants to record how often a behavior occurs during consecutive time periods? A) Frequency or tally B) Duration C) Interval D) Instantaneous time sampling
C) Interval
Which of the following assessments was designed to coincide with the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)? A) Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB) B) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreational Therapy Scale (CERT)-Psych C) Leisure Competence Measure (LCM) D) Leisure Activities Blank (LAB)
C) Leisure Competence Measure (LCM)
The Functional Independence Measure (FIM) measures all of the following EXCEPT... A) transfers to and from the toilet B) dressing upper and lower body C) leisure resources D) social cognition
C) Leisure resources
The Functional Assessment of Characteristics for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R) uses which kind of scoring? A) Summative B) Criterion-referenced C) Norm-referenced D) Formative
C) Norm-referenced
The Functional Assessment of Characteristics for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R) is one of the few assessment instruments that uses the __________ in data collection A) patient's family and friends B) observations of other therapists C) patient's medial record D) peer group of the client
C) Patient's medical record
The Functional Assessment of Characteristics for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R) measures which of the following? A) Leisure functioning B) Decision-making skills C) Prerequisite skills related to leisure participation D) Leisure skills typically needed to live in the community
C) Prerequisite skills related to leisure participation
Which of the following would improve the reliability of the results of an assessment tool? A) Replace all closed-ended items with open-ended items B) Shorten the length of the assessment C) Remove all items that were ambiguous to the clients D) Limit the time the client has to complete the assessment
C) Remove all items that were ambiguous to the clients
Which of the following should the CTRS do before she interviews the client for the TR assessment? A) Decided which behaviors are pertinent to the therapeutic recreation assessment B) Perform an activity analysis on likely activities of interest C) Review medical records to obtain background information D) Interviewed the clients' family members
C) Review medical records to obtain background information
Which of the following is NOT a disadvantage of the Mini Mental State Exam? A) Does not distinguish at the high and lower ranged of impairment B) May not detect specific areas of lesions C) Scores may be affected by demographics such as age and education D) It requires high verbal fluency
C) Scores may be affected by demographics such as age and education
CTRSs and activity personnel typically complete which section of MDS 3.0 assessment? A) Section A Functional Abilities and Wellness B) Section C Activity Interests and Participation C) Section F Preferences for Customary Routine and Activities D) Section K Activities of Daily Living and Leisure Experiences
C) Section F Preferences for Customary Routine and Activities
Which of the following is a FALSE statement about the disadvantages of unstructured interviews? A) Individual CTRS in department may not use the same questions B) There is too much room for interpretation that limits reliability C) They increase reliability at the expense of validity D) They are too difficult to score consistently
C) They increase reliability at the expense of validity
One mistake in assessment many CTRSs make is to... A) improve the reliability of their assessment instrument B) use the results of the assessment to place clients into programs C) use an assessment that was intended for a different purpose D) interview clients asking questions in the same way every time
C) Use an assessment that was intended for a different purpose
Which of the following is an example of a probe that could be used during a client assessment? A) "My name is Reginald and I'd like to learn as much as I can today about your leisure" B) "To summarize your comments thus far..." C) "And now let's move to the third section of the assessment..." D) "Tell me more about your artistic ability"
D) "Tell me more about your artistic ability"
The CTRS might use each of the following to assess leisure interests of the client EXCEPT... A) administering an activity interest inventory to the client B) interviewing the client regarding her leisure interests C) interviewing the family and/or significant others regarding the client's leisure interests D) administering the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
D) Administering the Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
An unusual aspect to the Therapeutic Recreation Activity Assessment (TRAA) is that it... A) uses information gained during a records review B) allows family members to answer some questions for the client C) requires the client to play a card game, board game, and put a puzzle together D) assesses two to four clients at a time
D) Assesses two to four clients at a time
Repeated administration of the Mini Mental State Exam can be used to measure... A) the mental health status of allied health professionals B) affective changes due to stroke C) right lobe brain function D) cognitive decline over time
D) Cognitive decline over time
A CTRS is interested in determining behaviors that relate to a person's ability to successfully integrate into society using his/her social interaction skills. From the following options, the CTRS should choose which assessment? A) Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB) B) Leisurescope C) BANDI-RT D) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy Scale (CERT)-Psych
D) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreational Therapy Scale (CERT)-Psych
The Mini-Mental State Exam is a diagnostic assessment for individuals with... A) Parkinson's disease B) intellectual disability C) arthritis D) dementia
D) Dementia
The following scale is taken from which assessment instrument used by CTRSs? 3.1 Dyad (2 persons) _________ Initiates and maintains dyad situations/conversations _________ Responds minimally in dyad situations (does not contribute new content or questions) _________ Does not respond in dyad situations A) Leisure Diagnostic Battery B) Leisure Competence Measure C) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy-Physical Disabilities D) Functional Assessment of Characteristics for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R)
D) Functional Assessment of Characteristics for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R)
A 7-point scale from 1=total assist to 7=complete independence is a hallmark of which interdisciplinary assessment instrument? A) Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy-Physical Disabilities (CERT-PD) B) Leisure Competence Measure (LCM) C) Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB) D) Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
D) Functional Independence Measure (FIM)
Which of the following is a question that addresses content validity? A) How accurately does current content reflect future content? B) How closely related are items on a single assessment? C) How consistent are scores over different parts of the assessment? D) How adequately does the sample of assessment items represent the totality of the content to be measured?
D) How adequately does the sample of assessment items represent the totality of the content to be measured?
All of the following are important ways to ensure that the assessment results translates into the right program placement to work on a client's identified problems, EXCEPT... A) use an assessment that produces reliable scores for the intended population B) train all CTRSs and interns on the correct use of the assessment C) document a standardized protocol for the administration, scoring, and interpretation of the assessment D) improve the construct validity of the assessment instrument
D) Improve the construct validity of the assessment instrument
The purpose of an assessment protocol is to... A) make sure every client has the same diagnosis and treatment plan B) increase sensitivity to cultural minorities C) align the TR assessment with the occupational therapy assessment D) increase the reliability of the assessment administration
D) Increase the reliability of the assessment administration
Which method of behavioral observation and recording is the CTRS using when she checks the activity room at 9:00, 11:00, 1:00, and 3:00 to see how many patients are watching television? A) Frequency or tally B) Duration C) Interval D) Instantaneous time sampling
D) Instantaneous time sampling
Teenscope is a useful assessment to place adolescent clients into which types of TR programs? A) Treatment B) Social skills C) Leisure resources D) Leisure skills
D) Leisure skills
The overall content covered by the Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB) includes... A) leisure participation history B) leisure interests C) attitudes toward leisure and work D) perceived freedom in leisure
D) Perceived freedom in leisure
The General Recreation Screening Tool (GRST) measures which of the following areas? A) Dyad, small group, and large group participation skills B) Functional abilities, leisure education, and recreation participation C) Physical, cognitive, and intellectual functions D) Physical, affective, and cognitive functions
D) Physical, affective, and cognitive functions
When choosing an assessment instrument, the CTRS first needs to determine the instrument's... A) reliability B) validity C) stability D) purpose
D) Purpose
The CTRS knew that by adhering to the assessment protocol she was... A) deceasing the content validity of the assessment results B) increasing the likelihood of false positives C) matching the content of the assessment with the content of the program D) reducing error and increasing confidence in the assessment results
D) Reducing error and increasing confidence in the assessment results
The first step in the assessment implementation is for the CTRS to... A) interpret results for client placement into programs B) analyze or score the assessment results C) administer the assessment to the client D) review the assessment protocol
D) Review the assessment protocol
The CTRS is looking for an instrument to measure participation patterns. Which of the following is most likely to be an appropriate instrument? A) General Recreation Screening Tool B) Leisure and Social/Sexual Assessment C) Leisure Satisfaction Measure D) STILAP
D) STILAP
When an agency has decided to use the Functional Independence Measure (FIM), the CTRS may be called upon to assess which of the following sections? A) Self-care B) Mobility C) Home skills D) Social/cognition
D) Social/cognition
The Functional Assessment of Characteristics for Therapeutic Recreation-Revised (FACTR-R) makes which of the following assumptions about physical functional abilities such as vision, hearing, ambulation, and bowl/bladder control? A) Individuals with severe impairments in these areas may not ne appropriate for TR services B) CTRSs should not be measuring there areas C) Functional abilities are prerequisite to leisure decision-making D) Some functional abilities are not amenable to improvement , but are important
D) Some functional abilities are not amenable to improvement, but are important
The Comprehensive Evaluation in Recreation Therapy-Physical Disabilities (CERT-PD) measures which of the following sensory abilities EXCEPT... A) visual acuity B) ocular pursuit C) depth perception D) taste perception
D) Taste perception
One disadvantage to record reviews for client assessment data collection is... A) that someone besides the client may be completing the survey B) it provides opportunities for the CTRS to explain the purpose of TR C) it supersedes the requirements of the Joint Commission D) that only limited information might be available
D) That only limited information might be available
Which of the following is a FALSE statement about the Leisure Diagnostic Battery (LDB)? A) The LDB has both a long and a short form B) The LDB has two versions, one for adolescents and one for adults C) Depth of Involvement in Leisure and Barrier to Leisure Involvement are two example of LDB scales D) The LDB shows the highest reliability and validity for older adults in long-term care facilities
D) The LDB shows the highest reliability and validity for older adults in long-term care facilities
If the client does not understand the language used on the assessment or becomes fatigued, what is likely to happen? A) The CTRS will gain insight into the sitting tolerance of the client B) The therapist still will be able to use the assessment from other disciplines to build a treatment plan C) Nothing, most CTRSs do not use assessment scored anyway D) The assessment score will not be reflective of the person's skills, attitudes, and knowledge
D) The assessment scored will not be reflective of the person's skills, attitudes, and knowledge
The State Technical Institute's Leisure Assessment Process (STILAP) assessment differs from other activity inventories or leisure interest scales because it... A) focuses on physical activities such as sports and large group games B) assesses barriers to community integration C) looks at the entire community environment to which that client is to return D) translates activity skills into leisure competencies
D) Translates activity skills into leisure competencies
Which of the following is NOT assessed as part of a social skills assessment for youth in psychiatric treatment? A) Tell me how you would introduce yourself to youth you didn't know? B) Where is a good place to meet other kids with common leisure interests? C) How would you ask someone to go bowling with you? D) When was the last time you played a game for more that 30 minutes?
D) When was the last time you played a game for more than 30 minutes?
The MDS 3.0 is an assessment completed for individuals in which type of setting? A) Correctional institutions B) Adult day care centers C) Outpatient rehabilitation programs D) Nursing homes
D)Nursing homes
