Astronomy A: Unit 3 - Lesson 5-6
Temperatures within the corona are high enough to ionize ______ and ______, as well as other elements.
- iron - calcium
During fusion, lighter atoms are bonded together with heavier atoms, releasing ______ and ______ as by-products.
- light - heat
Hydrogen is converted into helium during a nuclear reaction process known as _____.
fusion
Radiation is the process by which _____.
heat and light reach from the Sun to the Earth
A(n) _____ can measure disturbances inside the Sun.
heliospectrograph
Joseph Lockyer discovered _____ in the Sun's spectrum in 1868.
helium
The element _____, discovered by Joseph Lockyer, was named after the Greek word for Sun, helios.
helium
After its formation, _____, the ordinary form of helium, does not enter into the Sun's atomic processes.
helium-4
The counteracting outward pressure exerted because temperatures are so _____ keeps the Sun's core from collapsing due to gravity.
high
The main constituent, or necessary part, of the chromosphere is _____, which gives a red color in incandescence.
hydrogen
Sir William Ramsay discovered helium on Earth in a gas given off by a compound of _____.
uranium
Fusion occurs under conditions of _____ million degrees and of pressures thought to be _____ million times Earth's atmospheric pressure at sea level.
15, 250
Temperatures within the chromosphere, or "color globe" range from _____ to _____ degrees.
4,500, 100,000
Estimates give the Sun _____ billion years more to shine.
5
_____ is the highest point.
An apex
_____ is to force away by pushing.
Buffet
_____ are also known as hydrogen nuclei.
Protons
_____ forms when a deuteron captures a third proton.
Helium-3
_____ is a constituent part of basic structure.
Property
The dimming or elimination of light from one heavenly body by another body is called _____.
an eclipse
In overall color, the Sun is _____ compared to other stars.
average
When two helium-e nuclei unite, a light form of a _____ is created.
beryllium nucleus
The _____, meaning "crown," is the outermost layer of the Sun, which blends into surrounding space.
corona
A _____ is a proton-neutron combination that becomes the nucleus of a form of hydrogen.
deuteron
Pressure waves travel up from the convection zone to the top of the _____, where they are reflected back down again.
photosphere
A collision between atomic particles is necessary to overcome the natural _____ between them.
repulsion
When the density of a gas is low, its actual energy content is _____.
small
Coronal mass ejections happen daily and supply a major portion of the total _____.
solar wind
The upper region of the chromosphere is full of _____ or plasma jets, making the upper boundary hard to define.
spicules