Speech 205

incorrect word pronunciations

- are a matter of habit -distract the audience -cannot be improved by clear articulation.

a speech topic is considered unethical if the topic

- shows an audience how to perform illegal actions -provides audience members with information that may physically or psychologically harm them -is humiliating or degrading to the audience

presentation aids should be appropriate to

- the audience - the speech content -the ocasion

the credibility of testimony can be evaluated by checking

- the reliability of the source - the timeless of the information

what is a benefit of citing frequencies in speeches?

- they help listeners make comparisons between two or more categories -they help listeners understand the magnitude of something described -support material for the speech

the key to a productive search in cyberspace depends on

-a well-prepared research strategy -an understanding of information available on the internet -a basic grasp of how to use internet search tools

speech conclusion fullfill which of the following functions?

-alerting the audience that the speech is coming to an end -summarizing the key points of the speech -challenging the audience to respond

listener comprehension is aided by

-an appropriate organizational pattern -the speaker's skillful use of language -effective presentation aids

a persuasive speech

-attempts to influence audience choices -presents listeners with a limited number of alternatives to consider -seeks a response from the audience

a culturally sensitive speaker

-avoids language that is biased -makes a conscious effort to be considered of cultural differences -adapts language to a diverse audience

in persuasive speaking arguments are created to

-change people's opinions -influence behavior -justify the speaker's beliefs or actions

the skillful use of color in presentation aids can be used to

-draw attention to key point -set the mood of a speech

laziness and overconfidence in listening are manifested by

-expecting too little from the speaker -displaying an arrogant attitude - ignoring important information

audiences are more readily persuaded by speakers who emphasize

-eye contact -nodding at listeners -vocal variety

nonverbal communication

-helps establish speaker credibility and a relationship with the audience

an informative speaker might introduce listeners to

-ideas or events -people or processes -places

when used as supporting material in a speech, examples can

-illustrate - describe - clarify

distractions to listening can originate

-only outside of us -within our thoughts and feelings

factors that distinguish public speaking from other forms of communication include

-opportunities for feedback -level of preparation -degree of formality

a speaker can enhance her or his credibility with the audience by

-preparing well -demonstrating trustworthiness -being well groomed

which of the following types of speech are legally protected in the United States

-racist and sexist speech -pornographic speech

the speech conclusion brings closure to the speech by

-restating the purpose - reiterating why the purpose is relevant to the audience - leaving audience members with something to think about

when rehearsing a speech, the speaker should

-revise the speaking outline -practice under realistic conditons -time the speech

persuasive speech outcomes are strongly influenced by audience perceptions of

-speaker expertise and trustworthiness -speaker attractiveness -speaker similarity to listeners

presentation aids

-summarize and highlight information -help the audience retain ideas and understand difficult concepts -provide dramatic emphasis

effective speakers are careful to use language that is appropriate to

-the audience -the occasion -the subject matter

speech humor should always match

-the audience - the topic -the occasion

the demographic characteristics of sn audience include

-the ratio of males to females -racial and ethnic representation -age variations

characteristics of the speech setting include

-the size of the audience and the length of the speech -lighting and sound -seating capacity and arrangement

conclusion provide

-the speaker the opportunity to drive home the speech purpose -the speaker a final chance to make an impression that accomplishes the speech goals -the audience with a sense of logical and emotional closure.

when making an inventory of research needs, speakers should assess

-their own personal knowledge of the topic -the thesis statement's requirements. -support material for the speech

when narrowing a topic, the speaker should consider the

-time limit for speaking - speech purpose - amount of time available for research

an argument consists of

a claim, evidence, and warrants.

active listening is

a focused, purposeful multistep process

a claim is also called

a proposition

all communication events include

a source and a message

a three-part argument consisting a of a major premise, a minor premise, and a conclusion is called

a syllogism

a speech introduction is designed to

arouse the audience's attention and motivate the audience to accept the speaker's goals

the first challenge faced by the speaker in the introduction of the speech in to win the audience's

attention

the first step on monroe's motivated sequence pattern is

attention

which types of examples offers a single illustration of a point

brief

which pattern arranges points to demonstrate how a particular set of circumstances leads to a specific result

cause-affect

to describe a series of developments in time or a set of actions that occur sequentially, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement

chronological

the first thing an audience notices about a speaker approaching the speaking position is his or her

clothing

presentation aids

concisely convey information

which part of a speech represents the speaker's last opportunity to motivate listeners and memorably state the theme of the speech?

conclusion

Outlines are based o the principle of

coordination and subordiantion

the audience's perceptions of and attitudes toward a speaker make up the speaker's

credibility

________ involves evaluaitig evidence analyzing assumptions and biases, assesing the logic of an argument, and resisting false assumptions

critical thinking

defining one term by comparing it to another term that has an equivalent meaning is called

definition by synonym

the statistical characteristics of a given population or group of people are known as

demographics

the literal, dictionary definition of a word is its

denotative meaning

feeling ____ is one reason many people are uncomfortable about public speaking

different

one key to achieving effective vocal variety is

enthusiasm

the study or moral conduct, or how people should act toward one another, is termed

ethics

in his persuasive speech about why people should buy used instead of new autos, maverick employed which type of appeal

ethos

which of the following is a greek word meaning "character"

ethos

if a medical doctor gives cutting-edge information on the threat of high cholesterol, she is proving which type of supporting material?

expert testimony

which types of delivery falls somewhere between impromptu and memorized

extemporaneous

the method of speech delivery that is most flexible for the speaker and preferred by listeners is

extemporaneous speaking

effective examples for a speech may be all of the following except

extraneous

the ____ admedment assures protection to both honest and dishonest speakers

first

to inform, to persuade, and to mark a special occasion are the three types of

general purposes

research on speaker credibility reveals that people most trust those speakers who

have all of the preceding qualities

when audience members strongly disagree with the speaker's claim, they are a(n) _______ audience.

hostile

which type of a delivery worries speakers because they have little time to gathers their thoughts and archive composure

impromptu

benefits of public speaking do not include

improving intrapersonal skills

the purpose of a(n) ______ speech is to increase the audience understanding and awareness of a topic

informative

defining, describing, demonstrating, and explaining are all related to

informative speaking

audience analysis involves the study of an audience through techniques such as

interviews and questionnaires

a speaker who uses vivid imagery

invites listeners to use their imagiantions

the fear of public speaking

is widespread

whereas persuasive speeches seek to modify attitude or ask the audience to adopt a specific position, the goal of an informative speech is to provide the audience with

knowledge

the conscious act of recognizing, understanding and accurately interpreting messages communicated by other is called

listening

the body of a speech consists of

main points, supporting points, and transitions

effective speech conclusions often employ

many of the same techniques used in introductions

a speaker is more likely to persuade audience members whose position differs_______ from the speaker's

moderately

interview questions that invite elaboration are _____ questions

open-ended

the appeal to audience emotions is termed

pathos

hate speech is offensive communication that is most directed against

people's racial, ethic, religious, gender, or other characteristics

newsweek and time are example of

periodicals

the declaration of independence is an example of a ______ document

primary

to demonstrate the nature and significance of a problem and provide justification for a proposed solution, a speaker should use which pattern of arrangement

problem-solution

speeches about ____ refer to a series of steps that lead to a finished product or end result

processes

the study of audience members' attitudes, beliefs, values, and personality traits is known as audience

psychology

the modes of persuasion used to appeal to an audience are called

rhetorical proofs

buck gave a persuasive speech about why people should assist the homeless in his city in order to prevent crime. according to maslow, this speech appealed to which basic need

safety

the first step in the speech process is

selecting a topic

which of the following would not be considered a demographic characteristic

self-esteem

when designing a presentation aid, the speaker should strive for

simplicity

which view in powerpoint is meant to be used during projection to an audience

slide show view

plot, characters, setting, and a time line are all essential to

storytelling

when citing testimony in a speech, the speaker should always

supply the name and qualifications of the source.

facts, statistics, testimonies, and narratives are all example of

supporting material

previewing the speech in the introduction

tells the audience the other in which the main points will be addressed

a speaker who anticipates counterarguments and then addresses or refutes them uses

the inoculation effect

which of these factors is important when considering organizational pattern?

the nature of the specific speech purpose

pitch is

the range of sounds a speaker's voice produces from high to low

the goal informative speaking is

to increase audience understanding and awareness

supporting material illustrates main points by ______ the speaker's main ideas.

verifying