ATI Cardiovascular and Hematology Quiz

A nurse is preparing to transfuse 250 mL of packed red blood cells (RBCs) to a client over 4 hours. Available is a blood administration set that delivers 10 gtt/mL. The nurse should set the manual blood transfusion to deliver how many gtt/min? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number)

10 gtt/min

A nurse is assessing a client who has late-stage heart failure and is experiencing fluid volume overload. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Weight gain 1 kg (2.2 lb) in 1 day b. Pitting edema +1 c. Client report of nocturnal cough d. B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) level of 100 pg/mL

a

A nurse is caring for a client who had a myocardial infarction 5 days ago. The client has a sudden onset of shortness of breath and begins coughing frothy, pink sputum. The nurse auscultates loud, bubbly sounds on inspiration. Which of the following adventitious breath sounds should the nurse document? a. Coarse crackles b. Wheezes c. Rhonchi d. Friction rub

a

A nurse is caring for a client who has a demand pacemaker inserted with the rate set at 72/min. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Telemetry monitoring shows QRS complexes occurring at a rate of 74/min with no pacing spikes. b. The client is experiencing premature ventricular complexes at 12/min. c. Telemetry monitoring shows pacing spikes with no QRS complexes. d. The client is experiencing hiccups.

a

A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery. the client's vital signs are blood pressure 160/98 mm Hg, heart rate 102/min, respiration 22/min, and SpO2 95%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Administer antihypertensive medication for blood pressure b. Monitor that urinary output is 20 mL/hr c. Withhold pain medication to prepare for surgery d. Take vital signs every 2 hours.

a

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and whose telemetry reading displays a flattening of the T wave. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse anticipate as the cause of this ECG change? a. Potassium 2.8 mEq/L b. Digoxin level 0.7 ng/mL c. Hemoglobin 9.8 g/dL d. Calcium 8.0 mg

a

A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following vein ligation and stripping for varicose veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Position the client supine with his legs elevated when in bed. b. Encourage the client to ambulate for 15 min every hour while awake for the first 24 hr. c. Tell the client to sit with his legs dependent after ambulating. d. Instruct the client to wear knee-length socks for 2 weeks after surgery.

a

A nurse is completing a medication history for a client who reports using fish oil as a dietary supplement. Which of the following substances in fish oil should the nurse recognize as a health benefit to the client? a. Omega-3 fatty acids b. Antioxidants c. Vitamin A, D, and C d. Beta-carotene

a

A nurse is reviewing a client's repeat laboratory results 4 hours after administering fresh frozen plasma (FFP). Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review? a. Prothrombin time b. WBC count c. Platelet count d. Hematocrit

a

A nurse is assessing a client who has fluid volume overload form a cardiovascular disorder. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply). a. Jugular vein distension b. Moist crackles c. Postural hypotension d. Increased heart rate e. Fever

a, b, d

A nurse is administering a unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs) to a client who is postoperative. The client reports itching and has hives 30 min after the infusion begins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Maintain the IV access with 0.9% sodium chloride b. Stop the infusion of blood c. Send the blood container and tubing to the blood bank d. Obtain a urine samplef

b

A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia. The client reports pain and swelling in a joint following an injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Obtain blood samples to test platelet function. b. Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor c. Administer aspirin for the client's pain. d. Place the bleeding joint in the dependent position.

b

A nurse is monitoring a client who has heart failure related to mitral stenosis. The client reports shortness of breath on exertion. Which of the following conditions should the nurse expect? a. Increased cardiac output b. Increased pulmonary congestion c. Decreased left atria pressure d. Decreased pulmonary artery pressure

b

A nurse is providing teaching about lifestyle changes to a client who had a myocardial infarction and has a new prescription for a beta blocker. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching? a. "I should eat foods high in saturated fat." b. "Before taking my medication, I will count my radial pulse rate." c. "I will exercise once per week for an hour at the health club." d. "I will stop taking my medication when my blood pressure is within a normal range."

b

A nurse is transfusing a unit of B-positive fresh frozen plasma to a client whose blood type is O-negative. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Continue to monitor for manifestations of a transfusion reaction. b. remove the unit of plasma immediately and start an IV infusion of normal saline solution. c. Continue the transfusion and repeat the type and crossmatch. d. Prepare to administer a dose of diphenhydramine IV.

b

A nurse on a telemetry unit is caring for a client who has an irregular radial pulse. Which of the following ECG abnormalities should the nurse recognize as atrial flutter? a. P waves occurring at 0.16 seconds before each QRS complex b. Atrial rate of 300/min with QRS complex of 80/min. c. Ventricular rate of 82/min with an atrial rate of 80/min d. An irregular ventricular rate of 125/min with a wide QRS pattern

b

A nurse in a clinic is assessing the lower extremities and ankles of a client who has a history of peripheral arterial disease. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Pitting edema b. Areas of reddish-brown pigmentation c. Dry, pale skin with minimal body hair d. Sunburned appearance with desquamation

c

A nurse is assessing a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? a. Bradycardia with S-T segment depression b. Relief of chest pain with deep inspiration c. Dyspnea with hiccups d. Chest pain that increases when sitting upright

c

A nurse is assessing for cardiac tamponade on a client who had coronary artery bypass grafts. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? a. Check for hypertension b. Auscultate for loud, bounding heart sounds c. Auscultate blood pressure for pulsus paradoxus d. Check for a pulse deficit

c

A nurse is monitoring a client who had a myocardial infarction. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor in the first 24 hours? a. Infective endocarditis b. Pericarditis c. Ventricular dysrhythmias d. Pulmonary emboli

c

A nurse is planning care for a client who has pernicious anemia. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? a. Administer ferrous sulfate supplementation b. Increase dietary intake of folic acid c. Initiate weekly injections of vitamin B12 d. Initiate a blood transfusion

c

A nurse is preparing to transfuse a unit of packed red blood cells (RBCs) to a client who has anemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first? a. Hang an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride with the blood b. Check the client's identification number with the number on the blood c. Witness the informed consent d. Obtain pre-transfusion vital signs

c

A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has anemia and a new prescription for epoetin alfa. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching? a. Hospitalization is required when administering each treatment b. The maximum effect of the medication will occur in 6 months c. Hypertension is a common adverse effect of this medication d. Blood transfusions are needed with each treatment

c

A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of aplastic anemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Plethoric appearance of facial skin b. Glossitis and weight loss c. Jaundice with an enlarged liver d. Petechiae and ecchymosis

d

A nurse is assessing a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect? a. Midsternal chest pain b. Thrill c. Pitting edema in lower extremities d. Lower back discomfort

d

A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Decreased capillary refill b. Dyspnea c. Orthopnea d. Dependent edema

d

A nurse is caring for a client who is in hypovolemic shock. While waiting for a unit of blood, the nurse should administer which of the following IV solutions? a. 0.45% sodium chloride b. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride c. Dextrose 10% in water d. 0.9% sodium chloride

d

A nurse is completing an assessment for a client who has a history of unstable angina. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? a. Chest pain is relieved soon after resting. b. Nitroglycerin relieves chest pain. c. Physical exertion does not precipitate chest pain. d. Chest pain lasts longer than 15 min.

d

A nurse is planning care for a client who is having a percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) with stent placement. Which of the following actions should the nurse anticipate in the postprocedure plan of care? a. Instruct the client on a long-term cardiac conditioning program. b. Administer scheduled doses of acetaminophen. c. Check for peak laboratory markers of myocardial damage. d. Monitor for bleeding.

d

A nurse is reviewing laboratory values for an adult client who has sickle cell anemia and a history of receiving blood transfusion. For which of the following complications should the nurse monitor? a. Hypokalemia b. Lead poisoning c. Hypercalcemia d. Iron toxicity

d