Automated procedures

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What degree is the forward-angle light scatter?

0 degrees

What is the reference range of Indirect RBC calculations?

11.5 to 14.5 %

Granulocytes measure between what?

160-450 fL

What is teh normal ratio of CD4+ cells and CD8+ cells?

2:1

lymphocytes measure between what?

35-90 fL

What is hemoglobin measured at?

540 nm

What is the reference range of MPV?

7.8 to 11.0 fL

What is the degree is the orthogonal light scatter?

90 degrees

Monomuclear cells measure between what?

90-160 fL

Screening for blood parasites uses what stain?

Acridine orange

A normal histogram looks like what?

Almost symmetric, with bell curve shape with a single peak

Mononuclear cell count may also include what in it?

Blasts and other immature cells

What does icterus do?

Causes falsely elevate Hgb and MCH.

What does lipemia do?

Causes turbidity and causes falsely elevated Hgb and MCH

What is the principle of Optical light scatter?

Cell counting and differentiation by the detection measurement of interference in a laser beam caused when a cell passes through.

What is the Electrical Impedance principle?

Cell counting based on the detection and measurement of the changes in electrical resistance produced when cells pass through a small aperture a small aperture.

What is the principle of Radio Frequency principle?

Cell density measurement determined by the changes in electrical resistance produced when cells pass through a small aperture.

What does RF pulse measure?

Cell interior density

What does forward-angle light scatter measure?

Cell volume/size

What is the methodology of Optical light scatter?

Cells flow in a single stream through a sensing zonde and interrup a beam of light scattering in all directions.

What is the methodology of Electrical impedance principle?

Cells suspended in an electrically conductive diluent are pulled through an aperture in a glass tube within a counting chamber.

What does the orthogonal light scatter measure?

Cellular complexity

What are the sample limitations?

Cold agglutinins, lipemia, and icterus

Malarial RBCs contain what and will fluoresce?

DNA

As AIDS progress the percentage of CED4+ cells does what?

Decreases

Mature erythrocyes contain no DNA so it_______ fluoresce?

Does not

What is Cold agglutinins causes by?

Drop in temp

What are the principles of automated cell counting include?

Electrical impedence, Radiofrequency , and Optical light scatter

What is RBC bath used for?

For RBC and Platelet count

Measure T-cell subset in _____ patients?

HIV

What does electrical impedance indirectly measures?

Hct, MCH, MCHC, and RDW

How do you calculate Hematocrit?

Hct= RBC count x MCV ÷ 10

What quantities are indirectly measured?

Hematocrit, MCH, MCHC, MPV, RDW

As AIDS progresses the percentage of CD8+ cells does what?

Increases

Reference range of platelet distribution width?

Less than 20 %

What does the Flow cytometry indirectly measure?

MCH, MCHC, and RDW

A non-unimodal curve does what?

May reveal the presence of an underlying disease or condition, examples include cold agglutinin disease, erythrocyte fragments and recent transfusion.

What does RF pulse size can determine what?

N:C ratio, nuclear density, and cellular granulation

What are the two counting chambers in coulter cell counter?

RBC bath and WBC bath

What do the basic automated hematology analyzers measure?

RBC, WBC, PLT, Hgb, and MCV

What are the benefits of automated counting systems?

Reduced lab costs, improved turnaround time, and improved accuracy and precision because many more cells are counted.

A shift to the right on a histogram means what?

Size of a patients red cells are mactorcytic , examples of Folate deficiency, and liver disease

A shift to the left on a histogram means what?

Size of a patients red cells are microcytic, examples of non deficiency anemia.

What do the number of pulses mean?

The number of cells

What is lipemia?

The presence of an excess of fats in the blood

Reticulocye counting uses what blood celll stains?

Thioflavin and pyronin

What are the results reported through in the Electrical impedance principle?

Through histograms

What is the methedology of using Radio Frequency?

Used simultaneously with Electrical impedance, RF resistance uses an electromagnetic current to measure conductivity of the cell.

What do the size of the pulses mean?

Volume of the cell

What is WBC bath used for?

WBC and Hemoglobin determination.

What do new analyzers include measuring what?

WBC differential , and reticulocyte analysis

What does Cold agglutinins?

Will falsely decrease the total RC count, and increase MCH

What is Icterus?

Yellowish pigmentation of the body fluids caused by jaundice


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