Baltic States and Border Nations: 19.4

How have the states changed their economies since the breakup of the Soviet Union?

Applied for Membership of the EU, Work to privatize industries formerly owned by the government, investment in trade, and Estonia's people are involved in service industries-tertiary sector.

What happened in 1996 to Belarus?

Belarus and Russia signed a pact to form a union state, that would strengthen political, cultural and economic ties, but in subsequent years additional treaties called for the development of a single currency, a joint defense policy, and other measures to integrate the two nations. The progression is slow.

What and who did the radiation effect?

Crops were contaminated, people were killed, cancer and birth effects were high, water pollution.

What was the Estonian's language?

Distinctive non-Indo-European tongue closely related to Finnish.

What is one of their big problems?

Ethnic diversity. Russians make up a significant percentage of the population of both Latvia and Estonia. Biggest problem facing, large Russian minority that still live in the Baltic States.

What is medical technology so high in Ukraine?

Everyone is sick from the Radiation.

What steps has the government of Belarus taken to promote closer ties with Russia?

Formed the Union State.

How do natural resources benefit Ukrainian agriculture?

Helps increase farm productivity.

What are some of the Post-soviet issues?

Limited Russian minority power and influence- restric language and citizenship. Command to privatized Free market economies Increased foreign investment and trade European union membership 2004 Diversified industries. NATO member-Fear russian return.

What is the religion of these three states?

Most Estonians and Latvians our Lutheran whereas the majority of Lithuanians are Roman Catholic. Lithuania is Roman Catholic because it is by Poland, and they are mostly Roman Catholic. Estonia and Latvia got Lutheran because of the Christian Vikings,

What was the Maidan resolution?

One half of Ukraine: wants to go to western Europe, other half is pro Russian. New president loves Russia, people start violence in the streets and he runs to Russia to be with Putin.

What were the Baltic states primarily before 1940?

Primarily agricultural, Lithuania has developed industries like shipbuilding and manufacturing.

What were Riga and Tallinn used for?

Riga-provided a ship area, warm water ports, good for Soviet Union-they can use the area. Big bay for the Soviet's to use, ships can access and trade. Tallinn-Soviet Union builds things here.

What happened in the 1920's? Did they eventually let the Soviets rule?

Soviet Union forced them to have state-run collectivized farms, the people resisted by burning crops, so the Soviet Union took away all their food and grains so the people starved. Between 5 and 8 million died. Yes.

Would you expect to find a higher standard of living in the Baltic states or in the border nations? Explain.

The Baltic states because they have access to sea, new industries and they have joined the EU and NATO, gives them access to wealthy Western markets and high standards to live by.

What was Constantinople?

The capital of the Byzantine Empire.

How does the lack of certain natural resources limit industrial growth in Ukraine?

They have to import natural gas and oil, so its harder to make industries and have factories. Limits industrial growth.

What are the physical characteristics and the climate of the Baltic States? Population?

Usually experiences wet, moderate winters and summers. This is Humid Continental climate. Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia-tucked along eastern edge of the Baltic Sea, they share similar flat terrain, covered with marshy lowlands and fertile low plains. Their combined population is 8 million.

Why are they known as the Breadbasket of Eastern Europe?

fertile plains, and huge coal resources, great potential for development. They grow a ton of food.

What is the Economy in Belarus?

mainly industry and services, import most of the raw materials needed to produce the finished goods, has oil reserves as well as large deposits of potash, used to make fertilizer.

What happened for centuries to the Baltic nations because of their location? What did the Soviet Union do?

nvading armies battled for control of the region, as a result, the Baltic states have been subject to frequent conquest by other powers. Most recent power to rule - Soviet Union. Lithuania, Latvia, and Estonia had gained their independence after World War one. Soviet Union forces invade of the three states in 1939, and those states were soon annexed.

What happened for nearly 5 centuries in Ukraine? What does the name Ukraine mean?

region was controlled by foreign powers, including the Mongols, then Lithuania, and then Poland. Poles- try to establish Roman Catholicism, but Ukrainians remained Orthodox. 1700 - Russian rulers established authority over the region, they called the region Ukraine meaning the border. Tried to impose the Russian language on Ukrainians were unsuccessful, nearly four centuries of Russian rules develop strong links between the nations.

What is important for agriculture there?

rich, black - US soil called chernozem, that formed beneath the lush grasses that once covered the steppe.

What was Kiev?

where the first Russian States began more than 1,000 years ago, also the current capital of Ukraine, Kievan traders cared for, honey, and farm products to the busy markets of Constantinople.