BBQ22
Newborns gain their immunity initially from
antibodies passed across the placenta from the mother.
The cells responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are ________ cells.
Plasma
Suppressor T cells act to
inhibit T and B cell activities
Immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called ________ immunity.
naturally acquired active
T is to ________ as B is to ________.
thymus-dependent; bone marrow-derived
Lymph nodes do all of the following,
-accumulate cancer cells. -remove debris and pathogens from the lymph. -monitor the contents of lymph. -produce antibodies. -EXCEPT: remove excess nutrients from the lymph.
The role of antigen-presenting cells in immunity is to
-activate T cells. -display antigen fragments. -process antigens. -bind antigens to glycoproteins.
The lymphatic system does all of the following
-fights infection. -eliminates variations in the composition of interstitial fluid. -transports lipids from the digestive tract. -helps maintain normal blood volume. -EXCEPT: transports gases to and away from lymph nodes.
Innate defenses include
-phagocytic cells. -physical barriers. -inflammation. -interferons.
Inflammation produces localized
-swelling. -redness. -heat. -pain.
Characteristics of adaptive defenses include
-versatility. -tolerance. -memory. -specificity.
The following are steps in the cell-mediated immune response.
1.Antigen is engulfed and presented by a macrophage. 2. T cells with specific receptors recognize the antigen. 3. Several cycles of mitosis occur. 4. T cells differentiate into cytotoxic T cells or T memory cells. 5. Cytotoxic T cells migrate to focus of infection. 6. Cytotoxic T cells release perforin and/or lymphotoxin
The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the ________ cells.
B
The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ________ cells.
cytotoxic T
The primary function of the lymphatic system is
defending the body against both environmental hazards and internal threats.
B cells are primarily activated by the activities of
helper T cells
Lymphocytes provide an adaptive or specific defense known as the
immune response.
An inflammatory response is triggered when
mast cells release histamine and heparin
Lymphocytes
respond to antigens
Cytotoxic T cells can attack target cells with which of these chemical weapons?
secrete a cytokine that triggers apoptosis