BBQ22

Newborns gain their immunity initially from

antibodies passed across the placenta from the mother.

The cells responsible for the production of circulating immunoglobulins are ________ cells.

Plasma

Suppressor T cells act to

inhibit T and B cell activities

Immunity that results from exposure to an antigen in the environment is called ________ immunity.

naturally acquired active

T is to ________ as B is to ________.

thymus-dependent; bone marrow-derived

Lymph nodes do all of the following,

-accumulate cancer cells. -remove debris and pathogens from the lymph. -monitor the contents of lymph. -produce antibodies. -EXCEPT: remove excess nutrients from the lymph.

The role of antigen-presenting cells in immunity is to

-activate T cells. -display antigen fragments. -process antigens. -bind antigens to glycoproteins.

The lymphatic system does all of the following

-fights infection. -eliminates variations in the composition of interstitial fluid. -transports lipids from the digestive tract. -helps maintain normal blood volume. -EXCEPT: transports gases to and away from lymph nodes.

Innate defenses include

-phagocytic cells. -physical barriers. -inflammation. -interferons.

Inflammation produces localized

-swelling. -redness. -heat. -pain.

Characteristics of adaptive defenses include

-versatility. -tolerance. -memory. -specificity.

The following are steps in the cell-mediated immune response.

1.Antigen is engulfed and presented by a macrophage. 2. T cells with specific receptors recognize the antigen. 3. Several cycles of mitosis occur. 4. T cells differentiate into cytotoxic T cells or T memory cells. 5. Cytotoxic T cells migrate to focus of infection. 6. Cytotoxic T cells release perforin and/or lymphotoxin

The cells responsible for humoral immunity are the ________ cells.

B

The cells directly responsible for cellular immunity are the ________ cells.

cytotoxic T

The primary function of the lymphatic system is

defending the body against both environmental hazards and internal threats.

B cells are primarily activated by the activities of

helper T cells

Lymphocytes provide an adaptive or specific defense known as the

immune response.

An inflammatory response is triggered when

mast cells release histamine and heparin

Lymphocytes

respond to antigens

Cytotoxic T cells can attack target cells with which of these chemical weapons?

secrete a cytokine that triggers apoptosis