BIO 102: Chapter 24 Quiz

The root endodermis: a. forms a boundary between the cortex and inner vascular cylinder of the root. b. contains impermeable lignin and suberin called a Casparian strip that controls water and nutrient movement between adjacent cell walls. c. is two to three layers of spherical cells. d. All of the choices are true of root endodermis. e. forms a boundary between the cortex and inner vascular cylinder of the root and contains impermeable lignin and suberin called a Casparian strip that controls water and nutrient movement between adjacent cell walls is correct.

e. forms a boundary between the cortex and inner vascular cylinder of the root and contains impermeable lignin and suberin called a Casparian strip that controls water and nutrient movement between adjacent cell walls is correct.

The meristems that arise from the apical meristem include all of the following EXCEPT Answer protoderm. ground meristem. epidermis. procambrium.

epidermis

Lenticels are small openings on the underside of eudicot leaves where gaseous exchange occurs. True False

false

Mycorrhizae are associations between bacteria and the roots of select plants. True False

false

Which of these plant tissue types most closely corresponds to the "typical" unspecialized plant cell? Answer xylem phloem collenchyma sclerenchyma parenchyma

parenchyma

During the spring and fall each year thousands of maple trees are tapped for their fluids in order to make "real" maple syrup. If you were to tap into a maple tree to extract the syrup (sucrose) which tissue layer do you want to tap into? Answer phloem xylem epidermis ground tissue periderm

phloem

Which of these plant tissue types is composed of sieve-tube elements and companion cells, and transports organic nutrients made in the leaves? Answer xylem phloem collenchyma sclerenchyma parenchyma

phloem

Which of the following structures is an underground horizontal stem? Answer bulb rhizome corm stolon

rhizome

Which of these vascular tissue cells is alive but lacks a nucleus? Answer tracheid sieve-tube members vessel element companion cell

sieve-tube members

An insect destroying the ________ layer of tissues in a leaf would lead to a decrease in the ability of gas exchange within the leaf. Answer spongy mesophyll palisade mesophyll xylem epidermis cuticle

spongy mesophyll

Farmers have been able to genetically engineer a wide variety of crops that possess an enormous diversity of traits. If a farmer wanted to increase the ability of his crops to access ground water that is several meters below ground which type of root system would he want? Answer taproot prop roots fibrous roots pneumatophores aerial roots

taproot

Vascular tissue extends through the roots, stems, and leaves of the entire plant. True False

true

Which of these plant tissue types is composed of hollow nonliving tracheids and vessel elements that transport water and nutrient minerals from the roots to the leaves? Answer xylem phloem collenchyma sclerenchyma parenchyma

xylem

Which of the following statements is NOT correct about the arrangement of tissues in the eudicot root? Answer The specialized root tissues are seen at the zone of maturation. The epidermis of the root has no cuticle on its outer surface, unlike other epidermal tissues. The pericycle is the outer layer of cells in the vascular cylinder, with the ability to form secondary or branch roots. The star-shaped phloem is located in the center of the vascular cylinder, with xylem arranged between the arms of phloem. The Casparian strip is a waxy lining on four sides of the cells of the endodermis, which forces water into the endodermal cells.

The star-shaped phloem is located in the center of the vascular cylinder, with xylem arranged between the arms of phloem.

If this structure were nibbled off by browsing deer it would decrease the potential for an increase in height of the plant. Answer The axillary bud. The bark. The terminal bud. The leaf scar. The stem.

The terminal bud.

Monocot roots have centrally located ground tissue called pith, surrounded by a ring of xylem and phloem bundles. True False

True

Strawberry plants vegetatively reproduce by forming new plants where the nodes of stolons touch the ground. True False

True

Which of the following structures is a stem adaptation instead of a root adaptation? a. stolons b. rhizomes c. tubers d. corms e. All are stem adaptations

a. Stolons

Which of the following tissues forms the outer protective covering of the plant? a. epidermal tissue b. ground tissue c. meristematic tissue d. vascular tissue

a. epidermal tissue

Roots that develop from organs of the shoot system are known as Answer adventitious roots. prop roots. fibrous roots. taproots.

adventitious roots.

Identify the incorrect pairing of tissue type with cell type. a. Ground tissue - Collenchyma cells b. Epidermal tissue - Parenchyma cells c. Vascular tissue - Xylem d. Epidermal tissue - cuticle

b. Epidermal tissue - Parenchyma cells

Which statement is NOT true about woody stems? a. Woody stems contain secondary growth. b. Secondary phloem accumulates to form the wood. c. The stem is organized into a central pith, wood, and outer bark. d. Cork cambium produces waterproof cork cells that become bark. e. The vascular cambium is located between the xylem and phloem of the vascular bundles in a woody stem.

b. Secondary phloem accumulates to form the wood.

An axillary bud may produce: a. nothing-it is shed with the leaf. b. a lateral branch or a flower. c. wood and lateral branches. d. inhibitors of growth.

b. a lateral branch or a flower.

All of the following are taproots that are consumed as vegetables EXCEPT: a. carrots. b. celery. c. turnips. d. radishes. e. beets.

b. celery.

Vascular tissue that transports organic nutrients and sugars from the leaves to the roots is: a. xylem. b. phloem. c. cambium. d. periderm. e. sclerenchyma.

b. phloem

Which of these plant tissue types is composed of cells with primary walls thickened at the corners that provide support for immature parts of the cell body? a. xylem b. phloem c. collenchyma d. sclerenchyma e. parenchyma

c. collenchyma

All of the following are specialized epidermal cells except Answer a. root hairs. b. trichomes. c. collenchyma. d. guard cells.

c. collenchyma.

You need to identify a plant, but it is winter and the leaves have fallen to the ground and mixed with leaves from other plants. The parts of flowers, fruits, and seed leaves of germinating seeds are not available either. Your best clue to identify the plants as a monocot or a eudicot is to Answer inspect the stem for woody bark, as only eudicots have woody tissue. determine if there are parallel xylem tubes in the stem to identify it as a monocot. determine if the roots lack phloem and xylem to identify it as a monocot. cut the stem and if the vascular bundles are in a distinct ring, it is a monocot. cut the stem and if the vascular bundles are scattered in the stem, it is a monocot.

cut the stem and if the vascular bundles are scattered in the stem, it is a monocot.

A typical leaf is composed of multiple layers of specialized cells. What is the correct order of layers starting on the upper surface of the leaf and progressing to the lower surface? Answer cuticle - epidermis - palisade mesophyll - spongy mesophyll- epidermis - cuticle cuticle - epidermis - palisade mesophyll - epidermis - spongy mesophyll - cuticle epidermis - cuticle - epidermis - palisade mesophyll - epidermis - spongy mesophyll palisade mesophyll - cuticle - epidermis - epidermis - spongy mesophyll - cuticle

cuticle - epidermis - palisade mesophyll - spongy mesophyll- epidermis - cuticle

Plant roots function to: a. anchor the plant. b. store the products of photosynthesis. c. produce hormones that stimulate stem growth. d. All of the choices are plant root functions.

d. All of the choices are plant root functions.

Many homeowners often attempt to transplant bushes and small trees but with limited success. Which statement best describes why they have difficulties with the transplant process? Answer Most homeowners pull the bush out without clearing enough of the soil from around the root system. This causes the lateral roots and root hairs to be torn off. Most homeowners pull the bush out without clearing enough of the soil from around the root system. This causes the branching roots to be torn off. Most homeowners cut the bush off at the base and don't have any of the root system available. Most homeowners remove too many of the leaves, not allowing the plant to efficiently run photosynthesis.

Most homeowners pull the bush out without clearing enough of the soil from around the root system. This causes the lateral roots and root hairs to be torn off.

Which statement is NOT true about vascular tissue in plants? Answer In leaves, the vascular tissue is found in the leaf veins. In stems, the vascular tissue is found in the vascular bundles. Phloem cells are hollow and nonliving, and they form a continuous pipeline that transports sugars. Xylem cells are hollow and nonliving, and they form a continuous pipeline that transports water and minerals. In roots, the vascular tissue is found in the central vascular cylinder.

Phloem cells are hollow and nonliving, and they form a continuous pipeline that transports sugars.