Bio 160 Muscular System

Acetylcholine A. calcium storage sacs in muscle fibers B. muscle cell C. neurotransmitter that causes an action potential on a muscle fiber D. muscle cell membrane E. traveling change in voltage along a cell membrane; in muscle cells, it causes the release of calcium from storage sacs in the muscle cell F. end of axon; release acetylcholine

C

Digit (toe) flexors A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

C

Paralysis of which of the following would make an individual unable to flex the knee: A. gluteal muscle group B. iliopsoas C. hamstring muscle group D. sartorius E. gastrocnemius

C

Rectus abdominis A. elbow flexion B. breathing C. trunk flexion D. flexion of the neck E. moves the humerus F. elbow extension G. neck extension

C

The latissimus dorsi primarily moves the: A. Scapula B. Os coxal C. Humerus D. Neck E. Vertebral column

C

Which of the following muscles is not involved in dorsiflexion and/or plantar flexion of the foot: A. soleus B. extensor digitorum longus C. iliopsoas D. tibialis anterior E. gastrocnemius

C

biceps brachii, brachialis, brachioradialis A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

C

An elaborate and specialized network of membranes in skeletal muscle cells that function in calcium storage is the: A. intermediate filament network B. myofibrillar network C. mitochondria D. sarcoplasmic reticulum E. sarcolemma

D

Contraction ends when: A. the motor neuron stops sending a signal B. the action potential ends C. calcium is restored into the sarcoplasmic reticulum D. all of the above

D

Gastrocnemius A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

D

Once acetylcholine is bound to its receptor, this causes _______ ions to enter the muscle fiber. A. Calcium B. Magnesium C. Chlorine D. Sodium

D

The end of a motor neuron axon is called a/an: A. Cell body B. Synaptic cleft C. Sarcolemma D. Axon terminal

D

Which of the following muscles adducts the thigh: A. sartorius B. quadriceps group C. peroneus muscles D. adductor muscles E. gluteus maximus

D

Which of the following muscles are antagonists: A. gastrocnemius and soleus B. masseter and temporalis C. biceps femoris and biceps brachii D. biceps brachii and triceps brachii E. vastus medialis and vastus lateralis

D

orbicularis oris A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

D

sarcolemma A. calcium storage sacs in muscle fibers B. muscle cell C. neurotransmitter that causes an action potential on a muscle fiber D. muscle cell membrane E. traveling change in voltage along a cell membrane; in muscle cells, it causes the release of calcium from storage sacs in the muscle cell F. end of axon; release acetylcholine

D

sternocleidomastoid A. elbow flexion B. breathing C. trunk flexion D. flexion of the neck E. moves the humerus F. elbow extension G. neck extension

D

Axon terminal A. calcium storage sacs in muscle fibers B. muscle cell C. neurotransmitter that causes an action potential on a muscle fiber D. muscle cell membrane E. traveling change in voltage along a cell membrane; in muscle cells, it causes the release of calcium from storage sacs in the muscle cell F. end of axon; release acetylcholine

F

Digit (toe) extensors A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flexors flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

F

Orbicularis oculi A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

F

Triceps brachii A. elbow flexion B. breathing C. trunk flexion D. flexion of the neck E. moves the humerus F. elbow extension G. neck extension

F

Hamstring group: biceps femoris, semitendinosus, semimembranosus A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

G

Trapezius A. elbow flexion B. breathing C. trunk flexion D. flexion of the neck E. moves the humerus F. elbow extension G. neck extension

G

Wrist and digit extensors A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

G

Masseter and temporalis A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

H

Quadriceps femoris group: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, vastus medialis A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

H

Sarcoplasmic reticulum A. calcium storage sacs in muscle fibers B. muscle cell C. neurotransmitter that causes an action potential on a muscle fiber D. muscle cell membrane E. traveling change in voltage along a cell membrane; in muscle cells, it causes the release of calcium from storage sacs in the muscle cell F. end of axon; release acetylcholine

A

The axon terminal releases ________ into the synaptic cleft. A. Acetylcholine B. Acetylcholine receptors C. Actin D. Myosin

A

The bicpes brachii muscle is named for the two heads that orginiate from the shoulder girdle. A. True B. False

A

The deepest muscle of the abdominal wall is the transversus abdominis. A. True B. False

A

When a muscle fiber contracts, the I bands diminish in size, the H zones disappear, and the A bands move closer together but do not diminish in length. A. True B. False

A

Which of the following does not describe cardiac muscle tissue: A. attached to bones B. uninucleate C. rhythmic contractions D. striations E. involuntary

A

Which one of the following is composed of myosin protein: A. thick filaments B. light bands C. all myofilaments D. thin filaments E. Z discs

A

Which process produces carbon dioxide? A. Aerobic respiration B. Anaerobic respiration C. Creatine phosphate

A

Which process produces the most ATP the most efficiently? A. Aerobic respiration B. Anaerobic respiration C. Creatine phosphate

A

While doing "jumping jacks" during an exercise class, your arms and legs move laterally away from the midline of your body. This motion is called: A. abduction B. flexion C. adduction D. extension E. circumduction

A

_______ is needed during a contraction to provide the energy necessary for myosin proteins to grab, pull and let go of actin, then repeat. A. ATP B. Glucose C. Proteins D. Alcohol

A

Which of the following are needed for muscle contraction? Choose all that apply. A. acetylcholine B. calcium C. thick filament to pull think filament D. thin filament to pull thick filament E. action potential F. sensory neuron G motor neuron

A B C E G

Which 3 muscles are common sites for intramuscular injections? A. Vastus lateralis B. Vastus medius C. Gluteus medius D. Rectus abdominis E. Orbicularis occuli F. Biceps brachii G. Triceps brachii H. Deltoid

A C H

During muscle contraction ____ slides past ____. (choose two) A. Actin/myosin B. Myosin/actin C. Thick filament/thin filament D. Thin filament/thick filament

A D

Which two muscles use the Achilles tendon? A. Soleus B. Semimembranosus C. Biceps femoris D. Tibialis anterior E. Gastrocnemius

A E

Acetylcholine diffuses across the synaptic cleft and binds to receptors on the: A. Axon terminal B. Sarcolemma C. Sarcoplasmic reticulum

B

Acetylcholine is: A. an oxygen-binding protein B. a neurotransmitter that stimulates skeletal muscle C. an ion pump on the postsynaptic membrane D. a source of energy for muscle contraction E. a component of thick myofilaments

B

Calcium ions are needed in muscle contraction to bind to the __________ which is necessary to get it into the correct position for contraction. A. Receptors B. Thin filament C. Thick filament D. ATP

B

Connective tissues inside of muscle merge to form ligaments. A. True B. False

B

Creatine phosphate (CP) functions within the muscle cells by: A. forming a chemical compound with actin B. storing energy that will be transferred to ADP to resynthesize ATP as needed C. forming a temporary chemical compound with myosin D. storing energy that will be transferred to ATP to resynthesize ADP as needed E. inducing a conformational change in the myofilaments

B

Diaphragm A. elbow flexion B. breathing C. trunk flexion D. flexion of the neck E. moves the humerus F. elbow extension G. neck extension

B

Iliopsoas A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

B

Lactic acid results from aerobic respiration. A. True B. False

B

Muscle cells are called: A. Fascicles B. Fibers C. Myofilaments

B

Muscle fiber A. calcium storage sacs in muscle fibers B. muscle cell C. neurotransmitter that causes an action potential on a muscle fiber D. muscle cell membrane E. traveling change in voltage along a cell membrane; in muscle cells, it causes the release of calcium from storage sacs in the muscle cell F. end of axon; release acetylcholine

B

Muscles that extend the knee are located on the: A. Posterior femoral region B. Anterior femoral region

B

Muscles that extend the toes are generally located on the: A. Posterior leg/crus B. Anterior leg/crus

B

Muscles that flex the wrist are generally located on the: A. Posterior forearm B. Anterior forearm

B

Neurotransmitters are released upon stimulation from a nerve impulse by the: A. thick filaments B. axon terminals of the motor neuron C. motor unit D. myofibrils E. sarcolemma of the muscle cell

B

Plantar flexion at the ankle joint is accomplished by the tibialis anterior muscle. A. True B. False

B

Skeletal muscle is considered involuntary because it is the only type of muscle usually subject to conscious control. A. True B. False

B

Supination and pronation refer to up and down movements of the foot at the ankle. A. True B. False

B

The action potential causes the release of calcium from storage sacks called the__________ inside the muscle fiber. A. sarcolemma B. sarcoplasmic reticulum C. axon terminals D. neuromuscular junctions

B

The brachialis is attached to the anterior humerus on one end and to the anterior ulna at the other end. Which bone is the insertion? A. Humerus B. Ulna

B

The main protein of the thick filament is: A. Actin B. Myosin

B

The neuromuscular junction is: A. The structure in the muscle fiber that stores calcium B. The place where the motor neuron communicates with the muscle fiber C. The place where two muscle fibers meet D. The place in the brain that starts a muscle contraction E. The neurotransmitter that communicates with a muscle fiber

B

The rectus abdominis is attached to the anterior rib cage on one end and to the pubis at the other end. Which bone is the origin? A. Anterior rib cage B. Pubis

B

Where are your hamstrings located? A. Anterior thigh B. Posterior thigh

B

Which muscle attachment site does not move? A. Insertion B. Origin

B

Which process produces lactic acid? A. Aerobic respiration B. Anaerobic respiration C. Creatine phosphate

B

Zygomaticus A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

B

Choose the four muscles that make up the quadriceps femoris group. A. biceps femoris B. vastus medialis C. semitendinosus D. vastus intermedius E. semimembranosus F. rectus femoris G. vastus lateralis H. sartorius

B D F G

A contraction in which a skeletal muscle does not shorten but its tension increases is called isometric. A. True B. False

A

Adductors A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

A

Anaerobic glycolysis occurs without: A. oxygen B. glucose C. ATP D. carbon dioxide E. lactic acid

A

Biceps brachii A. elbow flexion B. breathing C. trunk flexion D. flexion of the neck E. moves the humerus F. elbow extension G. neck extension

A

Deltoid A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

A

Do skeletal muscles have blood vessels? A. Yes B. No

A

Motor neurons are nervous system cells that send signals _______ from brain or spinal cord (central nervous system). A. away B. towards

A

Action potential A. calcium storage sacs in muscle fibers B. muscle cell C. neurotransmitter that causes an action potential on a muscle fiber D. muscle cell membrane E. traveling change in voltage along a cell membrane; in muscle cells, it causes the release of calcium from storage sacs in the muscle cell F. end of axon; release acetylcholine

E

Gluteus maximus and medius A. high/hip aDDuction B. Thigh/hip flexion C. flex toes D. Plantar flexion E. Thigh/hip abduction F. extend toes G. Knee/lower leg flexion H. Knee/lower leg extension

E

Latissimus dorsi A. elbow flexion B. breathing C. trunk flexion D. flexion of the neck E. moves the humerus F. elbow extension G. neck extension

E

Wrist and digit flexors A. moves the humerus in many direction, especially abduction B. smiling C. elbow flexion D. kissy face E. flex the wrist and digits F. squeezes eye shut G. extend the wrist and digits H. mastication

E