BIO-201L Topic 5 Terms List- Muscles
illacus
-flexes hip -laterally bends vertebral column
Supraspinatus
Abducts arm; stabilizes the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity; one of the "rotator cuff" muscles
pectoralis major
Adducts and flexes humerus
adductor magnus
Adducts thigh, posterior portion extends and anterior portion flexes thigh
Gastrocnemius
Calf muscle
external oblique
Compresses abdomen; laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column
Sternocleidomastoid
Contraction of one side: laterally flexes neck, rotates head to opposite side; Contraction of both sides together: flexes neck
Sternohyoid
Depresses hyoid bone after swallowing
Trapezius
Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; rotates the arm
vastus lateralis
Extends leg at the knee; part of the quadriceps group
latissimus dorsi
Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward
Coracobrachialis
Flexes and adducts the humerus
Semimembranosus
Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group
Semitendinosus
Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group
Sartorius
Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee
psoas major
Flexion at hip and/or lumbar intervertebral joints
Infraspinatus
Laterally rotates shoulder; stabilizes the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity; one of the "rotator cuff" muscles
extensor hallucis longus
Muscle that extends the big toe and flexes the foot.
Flexor digitorum brevis
Muscle that flexes the toes and helps maintain balance while walking and standing.
orbicularis oculi muscle
Ring muscle of the eye socket; enables you to close your eyes.
abductor pollicis longus
abducts and extends thumb and abducts hand
Gluteus medius
abducts and medially rotates thigh
rhomboid major
adducts scapula and performs downward rotation
Gracilis
adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
adductor brevis
adducts thigh; flexes thigh
adductor longus
adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh
orbicularis oris
closes and protrudes lips
Transverse abdominis
compresses abdominal contents
Deltoid
curve of shoulder formed by large deltoid muscle
internal intercostals
depresses ribs during forced exhalation
tibialis anterior
dorsiflexion and inversion of foot
levator scapulae
elevates and adducts scapula
rhomboid minor muscle
elevates and retracts (adducts) scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula
digastric muscle
elevates hyoid and depresses mandible
external intercostals
elevates ribs during inspiration
extensor carpi radialis longus
extends and abducts wrist
extensor digitorum
extends fingers and wrist, abducts fingers
Triceps Brachii
extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint
vastus intermedius
extends knee joint
biceps femoris
extends thigh and flexes leg
extensor pollicis brevis
extends thumb and abducts hand
extensor digitorum longus
extends toes and dorsiflexes foot
Spinalis
extends vertebral column
extensor carpi ulnaris
extends wrist and adducts hand
teres major muscle
extension, adduction, and medial rotation of arm
flexor carpi ulnaris
flexes and adducts hand at wrist joint
biceps brachii
flexes elbow and supinates forearm and hand
Brachioradialis
flexes forearm and pronates and supinates forearm to neutral position
Brachialis
flexes forearm at elbow joint
palmaris longus
flexes hand
flexor digitorum longus
flexes toes, plantar flexes and inverts foot
flexor carpi radialis
flexes wrist and abducts hand
flexor digitorum superficialis
flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5
extensor retinaculum
holds tendons of extensor muscles in place
vastus medialis
knee extension
Subscapularis
medial rotation at shoulder
temporalis muscle
muscle attached to temporal bone that opens and closes the jaw
frontalis muscle
muscle of the forehead that moves the forehead skin and eyebrows
buccinators muscle
muscle of the side of the face that moves the cheek
Peroneous (fibularis) longus
plantar flexes and everts foot
Soleus
plantar flexion of foot
pronator teres
pronation of forearm, weak flexion of elbow
Pectoralis minor
protracts and depresses scapula
serratus anterior
pulls scapula anteriorly and downward
zygomaticus major
retracts and elevates corner of mouth
Teres minor
rotates arm laterally
splenius capitis
rotates head, bends head to one side, or extends neck
iliotibial tract (band)
tendon that connects three muscles to just below knee
internal oblique
tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents
masseter muscle
the muscle that closes the mouth and is the major muscle involved in mastication (chewing)
flexor retinaculum
transverse carpal ligament