BIO-201L Topic 5 Terms List- Muscles

illacus

-flexes hip -laterally bends vertebral column

Supraspinatus

Abducts arm; stabilizes the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity; one of the "rotator cuff" muscles

pectoralis major

Adducts and flexes humerus

adductor magnus

Adducts thigh, posterior portion extends and anterior portion flexes thigh

Gastrocnemius

Calf muscle

external oblique

Compresses abdomen; laterally flexes and rotates vertebral column

Sternocleidomastoid

Contraction of one side: laterally flexes neck, rotates head to opposite side; Contraction of both sides together: flexes neck

Sternohyoid

Depresses hyoid bone after swallowing

Trapezius

Elevates, depresses, retracts, and rotates the scapula; rotates the arm

vastus lateralis

Extends leg at the knee; part of the quadriceps group

latissimus dorsi

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the arm; draws the shoulder downward and backward

Coracobrachialis

Flexes and adducts the humerus

Semimembranosus

Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group

Semitendinosus

Flexes leg at the knee and extends thigh at the hip; belongs to the hamstring group

Sartorius

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh at the hip; flexes knee

psoas major

Flexion at hip and/or lumbar intervertebral joints

Infraspinatus

Laterally rotates shoulder; stabilizes the head of the humerus in glenoid cavity; one of the "rotator cuff" muscles

extensor hallucis longus

Muscle that extends the big toe and flexes the foot.

Flexor digitorum brevis

Muscle that flexes the toes and helps maintain balance while walking and standing.

orbicularis oculi muscle

Ring muscle of the eye socket; enables you to close your eyes.

abductor pollicis longus

abducts and extends thumb and abducts hand

Gluteus medius

abducts and medially rotates thigh

rhomboid major

adducts scapula and performs downward rotation

Gracilis

adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg

adductor brevis

adducts thigh; flexes thigh

adductor longus

adducts, flexes, and medially rotates thigh

orbicularis oris

closes and protrudes lips

Transverse abdominis

compresses abdominal contents

Deltoid

curve of shoulder formed by large deltoid muscle

internal intercostals

depresses ribs during forced exhalation

tibialis anterior

dorsiflexion and inversion of foot

levator scapulae

elevates and adducts scapula

rhomboid minor muscle

elevates and retracts (adducts) scapula; inferiorly rotates scapula

digastric muscle

elevates hyoid and depresses mandible

external intercostals

elevates ribs during inspiration

extensor carpi radialis longus

extends and abducts wrist

extensor digitorum

extends fingers and wrist, abducts fingers

Triceps Brachii

extends forearm at elbow joint and extends arm at shoulder joint

vastus intermedius

extends knee joint

biceps femoris

extends thigh and flexes leg

extensor pollicis brevis

extends thumb and abducts hand

extensor digitorum longus

extends toes and dorsiflexes foot

Spinalis

extends vertebral column

extensor carpi ulnaris

extends wrist and adducts hand

teres major muscle

extension, adduction, and medial rotation of arm

flexor carpi ulnaris

flexes and adducts hand at wrist joint

biceps brachii

flexes elbow and supinates forearm and hand

Brachioradialis

flexes forearm and pronates and supinates forearm to neutral position

Brachialis

flexes forearm at elbow joint

palmaris longus

flexes hand

flexor digitorum longus

flexes toes, plantar flexes and inverts foot

flexor carpi radialis

flexes wrist and abducts hand

flexor digitorum superficialis

flexes wrist and middle phalanges of fingers 2-5

extensor retinaculum

holds tendons of extensor muscles in place

vastus medialis

knee extension

Subscapularis

medial rotation at shoulder

temporalis muscle

muscle attached to temporal bone that opens and closes the jaw

frontalis muscle

muscle of the forehead that moves the forehead skin and eyebrows

buccinators muscle

muscle of the side of the face that moves the cheek

Peroneous (fibularis) longus

plantar flexes and everts foot

Soleus

plantar flexion of foot

pronator teres

pronation of forearm, weak flexion of elbow

Pectoralis minor

protracts and depresses scapula

serratus anterior

pulls scapula anteriorly and downward

zygomaticus major

retracts and elevates corner of mouth

Teres minor

rotates arm laterally

splenius capitis

rotates head, bends head to one side, or extends neck

iliotibial tract (band)

tendon that connects three muscles to just below knee

internal oblique

tenses abdominal wall and compresses abdominal contents

masseter muscle

the muscle that closes the mouth and is the major muscle involved in mastication (chewing)

flexor retinaculum

transverse carpal ligament