BIO chapter 53

What is perhaps the most common of the dispersal patterns seen in nature?

-Clumped dispersion

Which would be an example of a moderately developed country?

-Ecuador

What term refers to the average rate at which organisms produce offspring?

-Natality

The best definition of population density is the number of individuals:

-of one species in a given area at a given time

What will the world's human population reach by 2025 according to population experts?

-8 billion

What is a typical feature of K-selected organisms?

-A low reproductive rate

Which of the following consists of organisms all of which share a common gene pool?

-A population

Refer to the accompanying figure. At which point do the environmental limits begin to slow the growth rate?

-C

Trees are often long-lived strongly competitive produce thousands of offspring and disperse their offspring widely. Trees are therefore often best described as having traits that are characteristic of which of the following:

-K-strategists

Highly developed countries are most likely to be characterized by which of the following?

-Low GNI PPPs

Which of the following series correctly represents the hierarchical organization within ecology?

-Population → community → ecosystem → biosphere

Which of the following is NOT a condition that is likely to lead to uniform population dispersion?

-Pressure from predation

Which of the following have local reproductive success that is less than the local mortality?

-Sink habitats

A group of cacti on a sun-exposed slope have greater reproductive success than cacti on a shaded slope. The habitat on the sun-exposed slope can be classified as which of the following?

-Source habitat

By the end of the 21st century it is expected that the human population will;

-achieve zero population growth.

The percentages of a population at different ages are known as the:

-age structure

What does a population experience when its growth levels out to zero because it has reached the limit that the environment can support?

-carrying capacity

When the size of a population begins to approach K we can expect that the growth rate will:

-decline

The world human population has increased dramatically during the past few centuries due to:

-decreased death rates.

The potential capacity to produce offspring is called:

-fecundity

A population that is divided into several local populations among which individuals occasionally disperse (emigrate and immigrate) is known as a:

-metapopulation

Which concept has become an important area of study in conservation biology because of humans altering the landscape by fragmenting existing habitats to accommodate homes and factories agricultural fields and logging?

-metapopulations

Which organism exhibits Type III survivorship?

-oysters

An example of a density-dependent factor that influences the size of a population is:

-parasites

What term describes the spacing of individuals in a population relative to one another?

-population dispersion

Natural selection acts most directly on

-populations

Organisms such as oysters or fish that produce millions of eggs per year may be characterized as:

-r-selected and having a type III survivorship curve

The distribution of the flour beetle larvae in a container of flour is an example of what type of population dispersion?

-random

Generally r-selected organisms exhibit:

-short life spans and early maturity

A human population that is shrinking would be characterized by a(n):

-small proportion of prereproductive individuals

The Earth's carrying capacity is:

-unknown

Which is an example of a K-selected species?

-whale

Why will most of the population increase that occurs during the 21st century take place in developing countries?

-young age structures

Roanoke

Region: Southern Sir Walter Raleigh 1585 Establish English colony in New World Colonists disappeared w/o a trace