Bio Chapter 6 Review Questions
substances that release hydrogen ions when dissolved in water are called
acids
minimum amount of energy required for reactants to form products
activation energy
substances that release hydroxide ions when dissolved in water are called
bases
acids and bases are key substances in
biology
_____ are weak acids or weak bases that can react with strong acids or strong bases to keep the pH within a particular range
buffers
includes glucose, lactose, sucrose, and glycogen
carbohydrate
substance that lowers energy needed to start a chemical reaction
catalyst
protein that is a biological catalyst
enzyme
TRUE OR FALSE: a suspension is a mixture that has a uniform composition throughout
false
TRUE OR FALSE: in a mixture, the solvent is the substance that is dissolved
false
TRUE OR FALSE: large molecules containing carbon atoms are called micromolecules
false
TRUE OR FALSE: macromolecules can be organized into vitamins, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids
false
TRUE OR FALSE: polymers are molecules made from repeating units of identical organic compounds that are linked together by hydrogen bonds
false
a suspension is a homeogeneous mixture in which water is mixed with a substance that does not dissolve in it
false
TRUE OR FALSE: a combination is a substance formed when two or more different elements combine
false; compound
TRUE OR FALSE: the two main types of chemical bonds are covalent bonds and van der waals forces
false; covalent bonds and ionic bonds
TRUE OR FALSE: the periodic table is organized into horizontal rows, called periods, and vertical columns, called elements
false; groups
TRUE OR FALSE: the period of an element is the amount of time it takes for half of a radioactive isotope to decay
false; half-life
TRUE OR FALSE: on the periodic table, each element has a unique name and formula
false; symbol
the more _____ a substance releases, the more acidic the solution becomes
hydrogen ions
makes up fats, oils, and waxes in biology
lipid
stores energy and is part of membranes
lipid
what is the principal that explains why there must be the same number of atoms of each element on each side of an equation
matter cannot be created or destroyed
pure water is ____ and has a pH of 7.0
neutral
forms double-helix structure
nucleic acid
stores coded genetic information
nucleic acid
the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution is called
pH
contains peptide bonds
protein
is made of amino acids
protein
makes up muscles, skin, and hair
protein
which number indicates the number of atoms of each element in a molecule of a substance
subscript to right of each element
molecule that binds to an enzyme
substrate
TRUE OR FALSE: a mixture is a combination of two or more substances in which each substance retains its individual characteristics
true
TRUE OR FALSE: a mixture of sand and water is a heterogeneous mixture
true
TRUE OR FALSE: atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called isotopes
true
TRUE OR FALSE: carbon atoms can bond together in straight chains, branched chains, or rings
true
TRUE OR FALSE: carbon is a component of almost all biological substances
true
TRUE OR FALSE: water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen
true
