Bio Exam 2 Final Study Guide

The formation of which structure labeled in the figure above (A,B, or C) is blocked by Tuberculosis bacteria?

B

Which structure labeled in the figure above (A,B, or C) best represents a secondary lysosome?

B

To be considered alive an organism MUST be able to a. photosynthesize b. reproduce c. grow and metabolize d. A and C e. B and C

B and C

A symporter is a carrier protein that will a. transport a single type of molecular b. transport two different molecular species in the same direction at the same time c. transport two different molecular species in opposite directions at the same time d. all of the above are true of symporter proteins e. none of the above are true of symporter proteins

transport two different molecular species in the same direction at the same time

In the figure above, which labeled structure (A,B, or C) best represents a hydrophobic area of the plasma membrane?

B

As the radius of a spherical cell ____#1____, its volume increases____#2____ its surface area, and the ability of the cell to successfully support its metabolism ___#3____ a. #1=increases, #2=more slowly than, #3=decreases b. #1=increases, #2=more quickly than, #3=decreases c. #1=decreases, #2= at exactly the same rate as, #3=decreases d. #1=increases, #2= at exactly the same rate as, #3= decreases e. #1=decreases, #2=more slowly than, #3=decreases

#1=increases, #2=more quickly than, #3=decreases

If you repeated Dr. Gorter's experiment comparing the surface area of RBC's with the surface area of the phospholipids that compose the plasma membrane of RBCs, which of the following results would best represent Dr. Gorter's results? a. 1 4 b. 1 3 c. 1. 2 d. 1. 1 e. 1. .5

1 2

What structure labeled in the figure above (A,B, or C) best represents a primary lysosome

A

What best describes the nature of the nuclear membrane? a. a phospholipid monolayer b. a phospholipid bilayer c. a phospholipid trilayer d. a double phospholipid bilayer

a double phospholipid bilayer

Which of the following have no physical contact with the plasma membrane of cells? a. the extracellular matrix b. the cytoskeleton c. integral proteins d. all of the above make physical contact with the plasma membrane of cells e. A and B

all of the above make physical contact with the plasma membrane of cells

In response to being heated, how will the cells likely respond? a. by generating membrane phospholipids with fatty acid chains that have fewer C=C double bonds (unsaturations) B. by generating membrane phospholipids with fatty acid chains that have more C=C double bonds (unsaturations) c. neither a or b will occur d. more information is needed

by generating membrane phospholipids with fatty acid chains that have fewer C=C double bonds (unsaturations)

In response to being heated, how will the cells likely respond? a. by generating membrane phospholipids with shorter fatty acid chains b. by generating membrane phospholipids with longer fatty acid chains c. neither a or b will occur d. more information is needed

by generating membrane phospholipids with longer fatty acid chains

What do facilitated diffusion and active transport have in common? a. both require the use of integral (transmembrane) transport proteins and energy input from the cell b. both require the use of integral (transmembrane) transport proteins but neither require energy input from the cell c. channel proteins are used in both facilitated diffusion and active transport d. carrier are used in both facilitated diffusion and active transport e. A and D are both ture

carrier are used in both facilitated diffusion and active transport

In the figure above, what is likely true of the proteins labeled A (fibronectin) and C (integrin)? a. both are integral (transmembrane) proteins b. both are peripheral membrane proteins c. fibronectin is an integral (transmembrane) protein and integral is a peripheral membrane protein d. fibronectin is a peripheral membrane protein and integral is an integral (transmembrane) protein e. more information is needed

fibronectin is a peripheral membrane protein and integral is an integral (transmembrane) protein

Which of the following is true of cell membrane fluidity? a. a cell membrane that is too solid will not perform its boundary function b. a cell membrane that is too fluid will block integral (transmembrane) proteins from being able to change their shape c. fluidity can be regulated by varying length and degree of saturation in the fatty acid chains of membrane phospholipids d. all of the above are true of membrane fluidity e. none of the above is true

fluidity can be regulated by varying length and degree of saturation in the fatty acid chains of membrane phospholipids

Histones are proteins that bind to chromosomal DNA in the nucleus. Based on that knowledge, which of the following is true? a. histone proteins will be synthesized by ribosomes associated with the rough ER b. histone proteins will be synthesized by ribosomes within the nucleus c. histone proteins will be synthesized by ribosomes in the cytoplasm d. histone proteins will be synthesized by ribosomes within the mitochondria e. more information is needed

histone proteins will be synthesized by ribosomes in the cytoplasm

Animal cells are growing in an incubator at 37 degrees C. The cells are then placed into an incubator at 47 degrees C. Which of the following is most likely to happen? a. initially, the plasma membrane of the cells become more fluid b. initially, the plasma membrane of the cells become less fluid c. the fluidity of the membrane will not be affected d. more information is needed

initially, the plasma membrane of the cells become more fluid

Lipid bilayer membranes are more permeable to some types of molecules than others. Which option below gives the correct order (from left to right) starting with of the types of molecules that LBMs are the least permeable to and ending with the types of molecules that LBMs are the most permeable to? a. ions, small polar molecules, non-polar molecules b. small polar molecules, ions, non-polar molecules c. small polar molecules, non-polar molecules, ions d. non-polar molecules, small polar molecules, ions

ions, small polar molecules, non-polar molecules

The results indicated by B are an example of a. linear kinetics b. saturation kinetics c. neither a or b is true d. you cannot make a conclusion based on the data

linear kinetics

Are plant cell walls chemically similar to prokaryotic cell walls? How are they the same or different? a. yes, plant and bacterial cell walls are both composed of peptidoglycans b. no, plant cell walls are made of peptidoglycan and bacterial cell walls are made of cellulose c. no, plant cell walls are made of cellulose and bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycans d. yes, plant and bacterial cell walls are both composed of cellulose

no, plant cell walls are made of cellulose and bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycans

Which of the following are found in all prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells? a. plasma (cell) membrane b. ribosomes c. cell wall d. all of the above e. only A and B are found in all prokaryotes and eukaryotes

only A and B are found in all prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Which of the following is true of lysosomes? a. they are released from the cis face of the golgi b. lysosomes may be used to break down "worn-out" organelles c. lysosomes contain enzymes that hydrolyze polymers d. all of the above are true of lysosomes e. only B and C above are true of lysosomes

only B and C are true of lysosomes

All cells fall into one of two broad categories. What are they? a. eubacteria and fungi b. eubacteria and archaea c. prokaryotes and eukaryotes d. archaea and eukaryotes

prokaryotes and eukaryotes

Prokaryotic cells do not have a. organelles b. an endomembrane network c. a membrane bound nucleus d. prokaryotic cells do not have A,B, or C e. prokaryotic cells do not have B or C

prokaryotic cells do not have B or C

Which of the following is not a function of the ECM? a. providing structural support between cells b. reinforcing structures within cells that allow mobile cells to move c. it provides "glue" that allows cells to adhere to one another and form higher order structures such as organs d. all of the above are functions of the ECM e. none of the above are functions of the ECM

reinforcing structures within cells that allow mobile cells to move

The results indicated by A are an example of a. linear kinetics b. saturation kinetics c. neither a or b is true d. you cannot make a conclusion based on the data

saturation kinetics

Evert Gorter's experiment with red blood cells demonstrated a. that cell membranes were made of phospholipids b. that the nuclear envelope is a double lipid bilayer c. the fluid mosaic model of plasma membranes d. that plasma membranes are phospholipid bilayers e. none of the above

that the plasm membranes are phospholipid bilayers

The photo-bleaching experiments we discussed in class demonstranted a. that the plasma membranes are phospholipid bilayers b. that the nuclear envelope is a double lipid bilayer c. the fluid mosaic model of plasma membranes d. that cell membranes are made of phospholipids e. none of the above

the fluid mosaic model of plasma membrane

Where precisely are ribosomes assembled in eukaryotic cells? a. the golgi b. the rough er c. the nucleus d. the nucleolus

the nucleolus

Within the chloroplast there is a thick liquid substance called a. the cytoplasm b. the nucleoplasm c. the stroma d. the matrix e. the lumen

the stroma

You are doing an experiment to determine whether a membrane transport protein is a channel protein or a carrier protein. You measure how the rate at which the protein transports a solute across the membrane changes in response to increasing concentrations of the solute that the protein transports. IF you get the results indicated by A you can conclude that a. the transport protein is a channel protein b. the transport protein is a carrier protein c. neither A or B is true d. you cannot make a conclusion based on the data

the transport protein is a carrier protein

If you get the results indicated by B you can conclude that a. the transport protein is a channel protein b. the transport protein is a carrier protein c. neither A or B is true d. you cannot make a conclusion based on the data

the transport protein is a channel protein

What is most likely true of phospholipids that will become part of a cell's plasma membrane? a. they are synthesized in the smooth ER and sent to the plasma membrane by endocytosis b. they are synthesized in the rough ER and sent to the plasma membrane by endocytosis c. they are synthesized in the smooth ER and sent to the plasma membrane by exocytosis d. they are synthesized in the rough ER and sent to the plasma membrane by exocytosis e. more information is needed

they are synthesized in the smooth ER and sent to the plasma membrane by exocytosis

Evert Gorter used red blood cells in his experiment for several good reasons. Which reason below is the most important reason that he used RBCs? a. RBCs are easy to count under a microscope b. RBCs are easy to obtain from animals c. a large quantity of RBC's can be obtained from an animal without harming it d. within an individual organism all RBCs are the same size e. none of the above

within an individual organism all RBC's are the same size