Bio Module 5 Quiz
According to this evolutionary tree, the archaea and eukaryotes last shared a common ancestor ________.
2.5 billion years ago
You discover a unicellular organism that moves by what appear to be pseudopodia. You conclude that this organism could be ________.
A type of amoeba or slime mold
Exploring in the tropics, you discover a nonvascular plant that produces pollen. What type of plant have you discovered?
An entirely new type that you will get to name
The prokaryotic group that tends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to ________.
Archaea
All organisms that photosynthesize fit into which nutritional category?
Autotrophs
Yersinia pestis is a strain of bacteria that caused the "black death" plague that killed more than 50 million people in the 14th century. The bacteria spread quickly and easily through the air and from person to person. Yersinia pestis might be studied by scientists interested in ________.
Biological weapons
Fucus, Macrocystis (Giant kelp) and Laminaria are examples of ____________.
Brown algae
Bats belong to the order__________________.
Chiroptera
A protist with a shell made of silica is most likely a(n) ________.
Diatom
Which animals represent invertebrate chordates?
Lancelets
Scientists hypothesize that disrupting our ________ communities may increase our susceptibility to infectious diseases, predispose us to certain cancers, and contribute to conditions such as asthma and other allergies, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, and autism.
Microbial
Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan that feeds on white blood cells and bacteria living on the cells lining the female human vagina, thereby creating a common sexually transmitted disease often known as "trich." The feeding mechanism of this protozoan makes it a ________.
Parasite
Which statement about pollination and fertilization is CORRECT?
Pollination is not the same as fertilization, and pollination does not guarantee fertilization will occur
Eukaryotes that are not fungi, animals, or plants are classified in a "catch-all" category called ________.
Protists
Flagellates (e.g. Euglena, Trypanosoma), amoebas (e.g. Amoeba), and ciliates (e.g. Paramecium) are all what type of protist?
Protozoans
Suppose that, while on a forest hike, you notice a blue fungus and a pink plant growing along the hiking trail. As you continue walking, you observe that if a blue fungus and a pink plant are growing side by side, they are both much larger than if the fungus and the plant are farther apart. What can you hypothesize about the relationship between the fungus and the plant?
The fungus and the plant have a symbiotic relationship that allows them to have more significant growth when they are near each other than when farther apart
Recent scientific studies of the impact of microbiota on the amount of fat versus lean body mass (i.e., body composition) are described in your text. How do those studies illustrate the importance of microbiota communities in our bodies?
The studies suggest that intestinal microbiota may be involved in regulating our digestive processes
What important role do fungi play in many ecosystems?
They decompose organic material
Which organism is a colonial form of green algae?
Volvox
In the associated image, the aquatic organism moves using flagella. It is parasitic and can colonize and reproduce in the human intestine. What type of organism could this be?
a protozoan
Insects, such as the grasshopper in the image, have _____________
a three-part body; head, thorax, and abdomen
Among vertebrates, the unique feature of lampreys and hagfish is the ________.
absence of jaws
According to endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria were evolved from ____________ while chloroplasts were evolved from ______________.
aerobic bacterium; cyanobacterium
Which of the following are NOT the "benefits" of seeds for a plant?
all of the options are correct
this diagram shows what process
alternation of generations
You discover an organism that has scaly skin and is aquatic but returns to the land to reproduce. What else would you expect to find in this organism?
amniotic egg
While on an archaeology expedition, you unearth a skeleton with the following characteristics: four long, slender finger bones and a smaller opposable thumb bone, long arm bones, fingernails, and eye sockets close together on a skull. What type of organism do you suspect you may have found?
an anthropoid
Double fertilization is a unique feature only found in ___________________________.
angiosperms
Nearly all food plants are ________.
angiosperms
Which mode of nutrition characteristic distinguishes animals from other eukaryotes?
animals obtain nutrients by eating
In the image, the segmented body of the worm suggests that it is a(n) ________.
annelid
A vector is an organism that transfers a pathogen to a host. In the case of malaria, the vector(s) is (are) ________.
anopheles mosquitoes only
Transfer of pollen from ______________ to ___________ is called pollination.
anther; stigma
In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops within ________.
anthers
Members of this group of arthropods have 2 body regions: forebody & hind body, 4 pairs of legs (= 8 total), and other specialized appendages near the mouth (e.g., pedipalps). In addition, they do not have antennae and have 1- 6 pairs of simple eyes that do not normally form images. Which group could that be?
arachnida
In seedless plants, gametophytic phase produces eggs in structures called __________ while sperms are produced in structures called ___________.
archegonia; antheridia
Which animal phylum has members with the hard exoskeleton made of chitin, a segmented body, and jointed appendages? Hint: this is the most diverse phylum of animals in terms of the number of identified species.
arthropoda
There are more species of ________ than of any other type of animal.
arthropods
what kind of prokaryotes are shown in the figure?
bacilli
Which of the following does NOT represent one of the four key features of chordates?
body hair
You are given the task of confirming the categorization of a newly discovered animal that has been tagged as a species of annelid. What evidence would c
body segmentation
Gymnosperms and angiosperms share multiple similarities. All of these are similarities except one. Choose the exception.
both produce flowers
What is this organism
bryophyte
Liverworts, hornworts and mosses belong to the plant group called ___________________.
bryophytes
Which series of terms correctly illustrates the sequence of the origin of modern groups of plants?
bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms
rays and skates are a type of _______
cartilaginous fish
Like plants, fungi have ________; however, in plants they are composed of ________, whereas in fungi they are composed of ________.
cell walls; cellulose; chitin
the arthropod skeleton is composed of _________
chitin
Which of the following groups represent fish that lack a swim bladder, have less flexible fins, and have tooth-like scales?
chondrichthyes
Beating hair-like projections found in some protists (e.g. Paramecium) that are shorter and more numerous than flagella are called ________________.
cilia
Flowering plants are also called ___________________.
closed-seeded plants
Botulism, a serious, often fatal type of food poisoning is caused by ___________________.
clostridium butulinum
________ are characterized by body tissues, radial symmetry, and tentacles with stinging cells.
cnidarians
The common ancestor of all animals is likely to have been a ________.
colonial, flagellated protist
Corn smut is a fungus that grows in the ears of corn and changes corn kernels into black, powdery balls of fungus tissue. What would you hypothesize is the significance of the relationship between corn smut and corn?
corn smut has a parasitic relationship with corn so that it can use the corn as a way to spread spores
The edible portion of a(n) __________ is a ripened ovary
cucumber
All of the species in the list below are seaweeds. Which is the EXCEPTION?
diatoms
Conifers have needle-like leaves to adapt for _____________ environment.
dry
Monotremata such as Platypus and Echidna (aka Spiny Anteater) are ______________.
egg-laying mammals
In angiosperms, the ________ is a nutrient-storing tissue that nourishes a developing embryo.
endosperm
_________________ provides stored food material for an embryo during seed germination.
endosperm
placental mammals are called __________
eutherians
In Yellowstone National Park, hot springs can reach temperatures of 205°F (96°C). Despite these high temperatures, Aquifex bacteria flourish. How might one best classify Aquifex bacteria?
extremophiles
________ are seedless vascular plants.
ferns
The figure shows a simple worm. Bilateral symmetry and a highly branched gastrovascular cavity all suggest that the worm is a(n) ________.
flatworm
What adaptation accounts for the unparalleled success of the angiosperms?
flowers
Plants like _______________ and _____________ are called 'living fossils' because of their very old evolutionary origin.
ginkgo; cycas
Which group of organisms is most closely related to plants?
green algae
Conifers, Ginkgo and Cycads belong to the plant group ____________________.
gymnosperms
Which of the following are called 'naked seeded' plants?
gymnosperms
If seed production had never evolved, which organisms would be missing in today's landscape?
gymnosperms and angiosperms only
If you wanted to propagate (grow) ferns, what do you need to collect from existing ferns?
haploid spores
Gametophytes are ________; sporophytes are ________.
haploid; diploid
swim bladders _____________
help bony fish to maintain buoyancy
Water Molds (Saprolegnia species) and slime molds are _________________.
heterotrophic
Nutritionally, all fungi are ________.
heterotrophs that acquire their nutrients by absorption
__________ are the most diverse group of arthropods
insects
In angiosperms, what is the function of fruit?
it is a mechanism for the dispersal of seeds
A pollen grain is a ________.
male gametophyte
____________ cones of conifers are smaller and produced in clusters. ___________ cones are bigger and isolated.
male; female
The phylogenetic tree indicates that annelids are most closely related to ________.
molluscs
________ are the mammalian group that lays eggs.
monotremes
In ________ the gametophyte is more obvious than the sporophyte.
mosses
Which group of plants lacks vascular tissue?
mosses
Mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi are called ________.
mycorrhizae
In angiosperms, what structures house female gametophytes?
ovules
Seeds develop from ________.
ovules
What kind of protist is shown in the figure?
plasmodial slime mold
Coevolution with _____________________ is considered one of the major causes of the great diversity of flowering plants.
pollinators
You are given the task of confirming the categorization of a newly discovered marine animal that has been tagged as a species of echinoderm. What evidence would convince you that it is an echinoderm and not different marine animals such as a sponge or sea anemone?
presence of a water vascular system
A major function of a mushroom is to _________
produce spores
The "left-over" category of organism classification, which consists of organisms that are unicellular or multicellular, eukaryotic but simpler than fungi, plants, or animals are ________.
protista
What type of symmetry does this organism exhibit?
radial
Bacilli are ________ prokaryotes.
rod shaped
.......................have specialized front teeth for gnawing: 2 upper and 2 lower incisors.
rodentia
Which animals have a cylindrical body that is tapered at both ends?
roundworms
Radial symmetry is seen in a ________.
snowflake
Sporophytic plant of fern plant produces spores in structures called ________.
sori
A characteristic of arthropods that has allowed for their great success is the presence of ________.
specialized segments
Gametophytes produce ________.
sperm and eggs
Producing millions of spores is an important evolutionary adaptation of fungi because ________.
spores can germinate only in the right environmental conditions (moist, where there is food), so many spores increases the chances that at least one will end up in an area of those conditions
In plants, _____________ generation reproduces by producing spores while _____________ generation reproduces by producing eggs and sperms.
sporophytic; gametophytic
Which component of a flowering plant is a female structure?
stigma
Which structure of a flower traps pollen?
stigma
Sponges are examples of ________.
suspension feeders
a characteristic that is shared by snakes and birds is ____________
the amniotic egg
which statement is FALSE?
the first organisms to colonize land were animals
Why are gymnosperms considered to be "naked seed" plants?
their seeds are not enclosed within ovaries
Would you expect desert plants to have a thin or thick cuticle?
thick because desert plants need to retain water in this dry environment
What are hyphae?
threadlike filaments that make up fungal bodies
Class Osteichthyes represent bony fish. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Class Osteichthyes?
tooth-like scales
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all animals?
unicellular
Which of the following is NOT a benefit of plants?
weeds
The function of __________ is to transport water and minerals while the function of _________ is to transport sugars.
xylem; phloem