Bio Module 5 Quiz

According to this evolutionary tree, the archaea and eukaryotes last shared a common ancestor ________.

2.5 billion years ago

You discover a unicellular organism that moves by what appear to be pseudopodia. You conclude that this organism could be ________.

A type of amoeba or slime mold

Exploring in the tropics, you discover a nonvascular plant that produces pollen. What type of plant have you discovered?

An entirely new type that you will get to name

The prokaryotic group that tends to inhabit extreme environments belongs to ________.

Archaea

All organisms that photosynthesize fit into which nutritional category?

Autotrophs

Yersinia pestis is a strain of bacteria that caused the "black death" plague that killed more than 50 million people in the 14th century. The bacteria spread quickly and easily through the air and from person to person. Yersinia pestis might be studied by scientists interested in ________.

Biological weapons

Fucus, Macrocystis (Giant kelp) and Laminaria are examples of ____________.

Brown algae

Bats belong to the order__________________.

Chiroptera

A protist with a shell made of silica is most likely a(n) ________.

Diatom

Which animals represent invertebrate chordates?

Lancelets

Scientists hypothesize that disrupting our ________ communities may increase our susceptibility to infectious diseases, predispose us to certain cancers, and contribute to conditions such as asthma and other allergies, irritable bowel syndrome, Crohn's disease, and autism.

Microbial

Trichomonas vaginalis is a protozoan that feeds on white blood cells and bacteria living on the cells lining the female human vagina, thereby creating a common sexually transmitted disease often known as "trich." The feeding mechanism of this protozoan makes it a ________.

Parasite

Which statement about pollination and fertilization is CORRECT?

Pollination is not the same as fertilization, and pollination does not guarantee fertilization will occur

Eukaryotes that are not fungi, animals, or plants are classified in a "catch-all" category called ________.

Protists

Flagellates (e.g. Euglena, Trypanosoma), amoebas (e.g. Amoeba), and ciliates (e.g. Paramecium) are all what type of protist?

Protozoans

Suppose that, while on a forest hike, you notice a blue fungus and a pink plant growing along the hiking trail. As you continue walking, you observe that if a blue fungus and a pink plant are growing side by side, they are both much larger than if the fungus and the plant are farther apart. What can you hypothesize about the relationship between the fungus and the plant?

The fungus and the plant have a symbiotic relationship that allows them to have more significant growth when they are near each other than when farther apart

Recent scientific studies of the impact of microbiota on the amount of fat versus lean body mass (i.e., body composition) are described in your text. How do those studies illustrate the importance of microbiota communities in our bodies?

The studies suggest that intestinal microbiota may be involved in regulating our digestive processes

What important role do fungi play in many ecosystems?

They decompose organic material

Which organism is a colonial form of green algae?

Volvox

In the associated image, the aquatic organism moves using flagella. It is parasitic and can colonize and reproduce in the human intestine. What type of organism could this be?

a protozoan

Insects, such as the grasshopper in the image, have _____________

a three-part body; head, thorax, and abdomen

Among vertebrates, the unique feature of lampreys and hagfish is the ________.

absence of jaws

According to endosymbiotic theory, mitochondria were evolved from ____________ while chloroplasts were evolved from ______________.

aerobic bacterium; cyanobacterium

Which of the following are NOT the "benefits" of seeds for a plant?

all of the options are correct

this diagram shows what process

alternation of generations

You discover an organism that has scaly skin and is aquatic but returns to the land to reproduce. What else would you expect to find in this organism?

amniotic egg

While on an archaeology expedition, you unearth a skeleton with the following characteristics: four long, slender finger bones and a smaller opposable thumb bone, long arm bones, fingernails, and eye sockets close together on a skull. What type of organism do you suspect you may have found?

an anthropoid

Double fertilization is a unique feature only found in ___________________________.

angiosperms

Nearly all food plants are ________.

angiosperms

Which mode of nutrition characteristic distinguishes animals from other eukaryotes?

animals obtain nutrients by eating

In the image, the segmented body of the worm suggests that it is a(n) ________.

annelid

A vector is an organism that transfers a pathogen to a host. In the case of malaria, the vector(s) is (are) ________.

anopheles mosquitoes only

Transfer of pollen from ______________ to ___________ is called pollination.

anther; stigma

In angiosperms, the male gametophyte develops within ________.

anthers

Members of this group of arthropods have 2 body regions: forebody & hind body, 4 pairs of legs (= 8 total), and other specialized appendages near the mouth (e.g., pedipalps). In addition, they do not have antennae and have 1- 6 pairs of simple eyes that do not normally form images. Which group could that be?

arachnida

In seedless plants, gametophytic phase produces eggs in structures called __________ while sperms are produced in structures called ___________.

archegonia; antheridia

Which animal phylum has members with the hard exoskeleton made of chitin, a segmented body, and jointed appendages? Hint: this is the most diverse phylum of animals in terms of the number of identified species.

arthropoda

There are more species of ________ than of any other type of animal.

arthropods

what kind of prokaryotes are shown in the figure?

bacilli

Which of the following does NOT represent one of the four key features of chordates?

body hair

You are given the task of confirming the categorization of a newly discovered animal that has been tagged as a species of annelid. What evidence would c

body segmentation

Gymnosperms and angiosperms share multiple similarities. All of these are similarities except one. Choose the exception.

both produce flowers

What is this organism

bryophyte

Liverworts, hornworts and mosses belong to the plant group called ___________________.

bryophytes

Which series of terms correctly illustrates the sequence of the origin of modern groups of plants?

bryophytes, ferns, gymnosperms, angiosperms

rays and skates are a type of _______

cartilaginous fish

Like plants, fungi have ________; however, in plants they are composed of ________, whereas in fungi they are composed of ________.

cell walls; cellulose; chitin

the arthropod skeleton is composed of _________

chitin

Which of the following groups represent fish that lack a swim bladder, have less flexible fins, and have tooth-like scales?

chondrichthyes

Beating hair-like projections found in some protists (e.g. Paramecium) that are shorter and more numerous than flagella are called ________________.

cilia

Flowering plants are also called ___________________.

closed-seeded plants

Botulism, a serious, often fatal type of food poisoning is caused by ___________________.

clostridium butulinum

________ are characterized by body tissues, radial symmetry, and tentacles with stinging cells.

cnidarians

The common ancestor of all animals is likely to have been a ________.

colonial, flagellated protist

Corn smut is a fungus that grows in the ears of corn and changes corn kernels into black, powdery balls of fungus tissue. What would you hypothesize is the significance of the relationship between corn smut and corn?

corn smut has a parasitic relationship with corn so that it can use the corn as a way to spread spores

The edible portion of a(n) __________ is a ripened ovary

cucumber

All of the species in the list below are seaweeds. Which is the EXCEPTION?

diatoms

Conifers have needle-like leaves to adapt for _____________ environment.

dry

Monotremata such as Platypus and Echidna (aka Spiny Anteater) are ______________.

egg-laying mammals

In angiosperms, the ________ is a nutrient-storing tissue that nourishes a developing embryo.

endosperm

_________________ provides stored food material for an embryo during seed germination.

endosperm

placental mammals are called __________

eutherians

In Yellowstone National Park, hot springs can reach temperatures of 205°F (96°C). Despite these high temperatures, Aquifex bacteria flourish. How might one best classify Aquifex bacteria?

extremophiles

________ are seedless vascular plants.

ferns

The figure shows a simple worm. Bilateral symmetry and a highly branched gastrovascular cavity all suggest that the worm is a(n) ________.

flatworm

What adaptation accounts for the unparalleled success of the angiosperms?

flowers

Plants like _______________ and _____________ are called 'living fossils' because of their very old evolutionary origin.

ginkgo; cycas

Which group of organisms is most closely related to plants?

green algae

Conifers, Ginkgo and Cycads belong to the plant group ____________________.

gymnosperms

Which of the following are called 'naked seeded' plants?

gymnosperms

If seed production had never evolved, which organisms would be missing in today's landscape?

gymnosperms and angiosperms only

If you wanted to propagate (grow) ferns, what do you need to collect from existing ferns?

haploid spores

Gametophytes are ________; sporophytes are ________.

haploid; diploid

swim bladders _____________

help bony fish to maintain buoyancy

Water Molds (Saprolegnia species) and slime molds are _________________.

heterotrophic

Nutritionally, all fungi are ________.

heterotrophs that acquire their nutrients by absorption

__________ are the most diverse group of arthropods

insects

In angiosperms, what is the function of fruit?

it is a mechanism for the dispersal of seeds

A pollen grain is a ________.

male gametophyte

____________ cones of conifers are smaller and produced in clusters. ___________ cones are bigger and isolated.

male; female

The phylogenetic tree indicates that annelids are most closely related to ________.

molluscs

________ are the mammalian group that lays eggs.

monotremes

In ________ the gametophyte is more obvious than the sporophyte.

mosses

Which group of plants lacks vascular tissue?

mosses

Mutualistic associations of plant roots and fungi are called ________.

mycorrhizae

In angiosperms, what structures house female gametophytes?

ovules

Seeds develop from ________.

ovules

What kind of protist is shown in the figure?

plasmodial slime mold

Coevolution with _____________________ is considered one of the major causes of the great diversity of flowering plants.

pollinators

You are given the task of confirming the categorization of a newly discovered marine animal that has been tagged as a species of echinoderm. What evidence would convince you that it is an echinoderm and not different marine animals such as a sponge or sea anemone?

presence of a water vascular system

A major function of a mushroom is to _________

produce spores

The "left-over" category of organism classification, which consists of organisms that are unicellular or multicellular, eukaryotic but simpler than fungi, plants, or animals are ________.

protista

What type of symmetry does this organism exhibit?

radial

Bacilli are ________ prokaryotes.

rod shaped

.......................have specialized front teeth for gnawing: 2 upper and 2 lower incisors.

rodentia

Which animals have a cylindrical body that is tapered at both ends?

roundworms

Radial symmetry is seen in a ________.

snowflake

Sporophytic plant of fern plant produces spores in structures called ________.

sori

A characteristic of arthropods that has allowed for their great success is the presence of ________.

specialized segments

Gametophytes produce ________.

sperm and eggs

Producing millions of spores is an important evolutionary adaptation of fungi because ________.

spores can germinate only in the right environmental conditions (moist, where there is food), so many spores increases the chances that at least one will end up in an area of those conditions

In plants, _____________ generation reproduces by producing spores while _____________ generation reproduces by producing eggs and sperms.

sporophytic; gametophytic

Which component of a flowering plant is a female structure?

stigma

Which structure of a flower traps pollen?

stigma

Sponges are examples of ________.

suspension feeders

a characteristic that is shared by snakes and birds is ____________

the amniotic egg

which statement is FALSE?

the first organisms to colonize land were animals

Why are gymnosperms considered to be "naked seed" plants?

their seeds are not enclosed within ovaries

Would you expect desert plants to have a thin or thick cuticle?

thick because desert plants need to retain water in this dry environment

What are hyphae?

threadlike filaments that make up fungal bodies

Class Osteichthyes represent bony fish. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Class Osteichthyes?

tooth-like scales

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all animals?

unicellular

Which of the following is NOT a benefit of plants?

weeds

The function of __________ is to transport water and minerals while the function of _________ is to transport sugars.

xylem; phloem