Biodiversity, Section 4: Mastering Biology Questions

Fungi have an extremely high surface-to-volume ratio. What is the advantage of this characteristic to an organism that gets most of its nutrition through absorption? a.)The high ratio allows for more material to be acquired from the surroundings and transported through the cell membrane. b.)The lower volume prevents the cells from drying out too quickly, which can interfere with absorption. c.)This high ratio means that fungi have a thick, fleshy structure that allows the fungi to store more of the food it absorbs. d.)This high ratio creates more room inside the cells for additional organelles involved in absorption.

a

All fungi share which of the following characteristics? a.)symbiotic b.)heterotrophic c.)act as decomposers d.)flagellated e.)pathogenic

b

An organism that exhibits a head with sensory equipment and a brain probably also ________. a.)has a coelom b.)is diploblastic c.)is bilaterally symmetrical d.)is segmented

c

Both animals and fungi are heterotrophic. What distinguishes animal heterotrophy from fungal heterotrophy is that most animals derive their nutrition by ________. a.)preying on animals b.)consuming living, rather than dead, prey c.)ingesting materials d.)using enzymes to digest their food

c

What do fungi and arthropods have in common? a.)Both groups are predominantly autotrophs that produce their own food. b.) The haploid state is dominant in both groups. c.) Both groups use chitin for support. d.) Both groups have cell walls.

c

Which of the following statements comparing symmetry in sessile and swimming animals is most probable? a.)Bilateral symmetry allowed animals to evolve nerves. b.)Radial symmetry is more advantageous for active swimming than is bilateral symmetry. c.)Bilaterally symmetric animals can be streamlined for swimming, but radially symmetric animals cannot. d.)Radial symmetry occurs most frequently in animals that catch their prey by rapid swimming.

c

In examining an unknown animal species during its embryonic development, how can you be sure what you are looking at is a protostome and not a deuterostome? a.)The animal is triploblastic. b.)There is evidence of cephalization. c.)The animal is clearly bilaterally symmetrical. d.)You see a mouth, but not an anus.

d

Plasmogamy can directly result in which of the following? a.)heterokaryotic cells or cells with two diploid nuclei b.)cells with a single haploid nucleus or dikaryotic cells c.)dikaryotic cells or cells with two diploid nuclei d.)heterokaryotic cells or dikaryotic cells

d

Which of the following best describes the physical relationship of the partners involved in lichens? a.)Fungal cells are enclosed within algal cells. b.)Fungi grow on rocks and trees and are covered by algae. c.)Lichen cells are enclosed within fungal cells. d.)Photosynthetic cells are surrounded by fungal hyphae.

d

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all animals? a.)They ingest their food. b.)They are eukaryotes. c.)They are heterotrophic. d.)They have tissues, organs, and organ systems. e.)They are all multicellular.

d