BIOL Exam 1 Preparation
Who needs to take a nutrient supplement?
A pregnant woman
Which statement describes the current status of the American diet?
Americans consume too much protein and sodium and too little fiber
Emily has brittle fingernails that crack and split easily. Emily's mother advises her daughter to take gelatin pills 3 times/day, because she's heard the practice strengthens fingernails. The mother's nutrition-related advice about the benefit of taking gelatin pills is an example of a(n) ________.
Anecdote
Zack takes 500 mg of vitamin C daily. He advises his friends to take vitamin C supplements because, he claims, the vitamin protects him from cold viruses. His claim about the usefulness of the vitamin is an _________.
Anecdote
What is the percentage of protein and fat in a healthy human body?
Around 40 percent
Which of the following kinds of studies would be the best to use when investigating whether cigarette smoking influences weight gain?
Cohort
Josephine is one of 20 participants in a clinical trial for a new weight loss drug. If Josephine receives a placebo rather than the actual drug, to which group does Josephine belong?
Control group
Jada's parents both work from 8 a.m. until 6 p.m. every day. When Jada and her sister get home from school, they eat a snack and do homework until dinner time. Jada's mom and dad are tired at the end of the day and often stop at the grocery store on the way home from work to pick up prepared meals or pre-prepared ingredients that just need to be assembled. Which of the following factors most influences the choice of dinner in Jada's household?
Convenience
When we do not consume enough of a nutrient, we eventually develop a(n) ___________
Deficiency
An online advertisement for a weight loss product includes before and after photos of a woman who supposedly lost 50 lbs in3 weeks while taking the product. The bottom of the ad includes the statement "Results are not typical." This statement is an example of a(n) __________.
Disclaimer
Japan is an island nation surrounded by ocean. Fish and other seafood play a key role in Japanese cuisine. This represents an example of the influence of _______ in food choice.
Environment
Scientists would like to conduct a study to identify lifestyle factors that are associated with delayed physical growth among a group of low-income American children. Which of the following research designs would be best for the researchers to use when designing their study?
Epidemiological
Alcohol is an energy-yielding nutrient (T/F)
False
All essential nutrients are also organic (T/F)
False
All individuals require the same amount of energy for their normal bodily functions (T/F)
False
Because a large proportion of the human body is composed of water, it does not have to be replenished every day (T/F)
False
Carbohydrates function as chemical catalysts for the biochemical reactions in the body and are known as enzymes (T/F)
False
In an experiment, the placebo is usually administered to the experimental group (T/F)
False
The best way to obtain reliable nutrition information is to search the Internet (T/F)
False
The main reason fast-food consumption has increased in recent years is because eating in fast-food restaurants triggers positive emotions in people (T/F)
False
The most important factor that influences food choices is
Flavor/taste
Which of the following is not a function of water in the body?
Functions as a coenzyme
A nutrition researcher adds 30 mg of the mineral iron to the daily diet of 50 4-week old lab mice. After 10 weeks, the scientist takes blood samples from each mouse. According to his findings, the mice developed abnormal levels of certain enzymes in their red blood cells. Based on this info and your knowledge of scientific research, what would you tell him?
He should consider his findings as an observation and redesign the study to include a control group
Which of the following leading causes of death in the US is related to nutrition?
Heart disease
Which of the following sources of information features peer-reviewed articles?
Journal of the American Medical Association
A physician who hosts a popular TV show makes several nutrition-related claims during one of the programs. Which of the following claims is a red flag of unreliable information?
Kava cures migraine headaches
The current American diet is not very healthy because
Many meals are eaten in front of the TV, fast food consumption is high, large amounts of sugary beverages are consumed
Which of the following are common signs or symptoms of pellagra?
Mental confusion and scaly skin sores
Vitamins and minerals are considered ___________
Micronutrients
Organic nutrients include all of the following except
Minerals
The element that is found in all proteins and some vitamins is _______
Nitrogen
Which nutrient class is used to build body tissues and make enzymes?
Proteins
Which of the following causes of death in the US is not nutrition-related?
Respiratory diseases
During an online interview, Dr. Ima Quack provides the following statement. "Most Americans suffer from nutritional deficiency diseases and will develop cancer within the next 10 years because they are not taking my megavitamin formula therapy." Dr. Quack's statement is an example of a(n) ________.
Scare tactic
Which of the following has the least effect on the foods that we choose to eat?
The weather forecast for the next month
Lipids are the primary energy source for the body when it is at rest (T/F)
True
Malnutrition can be either undernutrition or over-nutrition (T/F)
True
The foods we eat have an influence on the genes in our cells in a way that can increase or decrease our risks for certain diseases (T/F)
True
The most abundant nutrient that the body and all foods are composed of is
Water
What is measured in the BMI of an individual?
Weight relative to height
