Biology Exam 2 (Part 2 Quiz 5)

Which of the following is an example of simple diffusion?

A sugar cube dissolves in coffee.

Which of the following statements about ATP is inaccurate?

ATP is comprised of a sugar, base, and two phosphate groups.

The part of the enzyme into which the substrate fits is called the

Active Site

Which of the following is an example of potential energy rather than kinetic energy?

An apple made up of energy-rich macromolecules.

Which of the areas shown in the figure below indicates the presence of an enzyme?

C

Which of the following is an example of osmosis?

Cells in our kidneys reabsorb water to reduce the amount of water lost in our urine.

Which of the following statements correctly describes an energy transformation in living organisms?

Chloroplasts convert solar energy to the chemical energy of nutrient molecules.

ATP breakdown provides the energy necessary for muscle contraction. This is an example of which concept?

Coupled Reactions

Which form of passive transport allows small noncharged molecules, such as oxygen, to cross the cell membrane?

Diffusion

Which of the following terms best describes entropy?

Disorder

Simple diffusion across a plasma membrane is called passive transport because it

Does not require energy from the cell.

When a car burns gasoline, much of the energy is released in the form of heat. Which of the following best describes this process in relation to the first law of thermodynamics?

Energy can be changed from one form to another

When neurons release their neurotransmitters, they release them in secretory vesicles that fuse with the plasma membrane. What type of cellular transport is this?

Exocytosis

Molecules move from greater to lesser concentration through a carrier protein in

Facilitated Diffusion

What process typically regulates the enzymes involved in metabolic reactions? (1)

Feedback Inhibition (1)

Which of the following is a mechanism used to regulate enzyme activity? (2)

Feedback inhibition (2)

Intestinal cells absorb glucose via active transport. What would happen if all the mitochondria within these intestinal cells were destroyed?

Glucose absorption would decrease.

During an osmosis experiment, you place some plant cells under the microscope. You notice the cells seem very swollen. What type of solution were the cells immersed in?

Hypotonic

Which of the types of cellular activities listed below can proceed without ATP energy?

Passive Transport

A white blood cell surrounds and engulfs a worn-out red blood cell. This process is called

Phagocytosis

Which of the following correctly lists the order in which energy flows through an ecosystem?

Solar energy - Chloroplast - Mitochondria

Which of the following is best associated with a coupled reaction?

The breakdown of ATP generally releases more energy (and heat) than is needed to power the metabolic reaction

What is the biological risk of using salt on icy roads in parts of the country that have a cold winter season?

The salt has the risk of leeching into the ground and creating a hypertonic environment for plant cells.

Simple diffusion of molecules occurs

in nonliving systems as well as living systems.

Energy of activation

is the energy required for molecules to react with each other.

Once the substrate moves into the active site of the enzyme,

the enzyme alters in shape to more closely fit the substrate.