Biology exam review
central vacuole
A membranous sac in a mature plant cell with diverse roles in reproduction, growth, and development.
Golgi
A system of membranes that modifies and packages proteins for export by the cell
prokaryotic cell
A type of cell lacking a membrane-enclosed nucleus and membrane-enclosed organelles; found only in the domains Bacteria and Archaea.
function of mitochondria
cellular respiration
What is the cell wall made of?
cellulose
Unlike animal cells plant cells have
central vacuole, chloroplast, cell wall
Difference between chromatin and chromosomes
chromatin, unwound and chromosomes are wound
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
creates lipids or fat
Microtubules are component of
cytoskeleton ALL OF THE ABOVE
Cell theory
idea that all living things are composed of cells, cells are the basic units of structure and function in living things, and new cells are produced from existing cells
Animal cells have
lysosomes and centrioles
What do animal cells have that plant cells don't?
lysosomes and centrioles
Hypotonic
water moves into the cell
Hypertonic
water moves out of the cell
Isotonic
when the concentration of two solutions is the same
Prokaryotes developed
First
Nucleolus
Found inside the nucleus and produces ribosomes
Stroma
fluid portion of the chloroplast; outside of the thylakoids
The major lipids in the plasma membrane are
phospholipids and cholesterol
The function of chloroplast is
photosynthesis
pinocytosis
process by which a cell takes in liquid from the surrounding environment
endocytosis
process by which a cell takes material into the cell by infolding of the cell membrane
phagocytosis
process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell
cell wall function
provides support and protection plant
plasma membrane function
regulates what comes in and out of the cell
Ribosomes
site of protein synthesis
Ribosomes are
site of protein synthesis
Vesicles
small membrane sacs that specialize in moving products into, out of, and within a cell
intermediate filaments function
support cell shape and fix organelles in place
Cells that produce hair contains BLANK cells that produce oil on the hair contains a lot of BLANK
1 HAIR ROUGH ER 2. OIL SMOOTH ER
Most human cells contain BLANK chromosome
46
Chlorophyll
A green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria
Microtubules
A hollow rod composed of tubulin proteins that makes up part of the cytoskeleton in all eukaryotic cells and is found in cilia and flagella.
Which of the following is not prokaryotic cells
A membrane blind nucleus
All cells on earth
All of the choices are correct.
Two eukaryotes
Animal and plant
Vacuoles
Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Which organelle is responsible for photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Chromatin
Clusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell
Mitochondria differs from chloroplast in that mitochondria contains
Contains membrane fulus called Cristae
Not a function of plasma membrane
Control center of the cell
In eukaryotic cells what is given to region between nucleus and plasma membrane
Cytoplasm
The nucleus of the cell contains
DNA
Long fibers of BLANK and BLANK are called a chromatin
DNA and PROTEIN
What is chromatin made of
DNA and histone proteins
Same amount of water in and out of the cell
Isotonic
Detoxing
Liver
Microfilaments
Long, thin fibers that function in the movement and support of the cell
Microfilaments are different from microtubules in that microfilaments
Mainly composed of actin
What name is organelle that manufactures the components of ribosomes
Nucleolus
You find a cell Has cell wall and nucleus
Plant
exocytosis
Process by which a cell releases large amounts of material
Arches are composed of BLANK cells
Prokaryote
difference in prokaryotes and eukaryotes
Prokaryotes have nucloid and eukaryotes have nucleus
Two basic types of cells
Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic
A BLANK is and example of a unicellular organism
Protist
Anatomy of a chloroplast
Suspended in the fluid (called STROMA) are stacks of THYLAKOIDS called GRANA
Less water outside more salt outside of the cell
The water will move out of the cell
How many nuclei in bacteria
They do not contain nucleus
Lysosomes
Uses chemicals to break down food and worn out cell parts ALL LF THE CHOICES ARE CORRECT
More water outside the cell
Water will go in the cell
You are told that the cells on a microscope slide are plant, animal, or bacterial. You look at them through a microscope and see cell walls and membrane-bound organelles. You conclude correctly that the cells
are plant cells
If the cells lysosomes burst the cell would
digest itself
The nuclear envelope is composed of
double membrane
When can you see chromosomes?
during mitosis
Cytoplasm
the portion of the cell outside the nucleus
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
transport and storage of proteins
