Biology MIDTERM

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Eukaryotes usually contain

( a nucleus; organelles with specific functions: genetic material) all of the above

After a protein is formed by a ribosome located on the endoplasmic reticulum, which organelle would the protein be transported to next?

Golgi apparatus

Which organelle performs photosynthesis?

chloroplast

Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?

chloroplast

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell EXPECT

(An endoplasmic reticulum)

Which of the following is function of the nucleus

(store DNA; controls most of the cell's processes; contains the information needed to make proteins) all of the above

Which of the following organelles would be unique for a cell that is both eukaryotic and photosynthetic?

Chloroplast

The Greek root word, eukaryotic, means "true kernel". Why is eukaryotic an appropriate term to describe the complex cells in animals?

Eukaryotic cells have a nucleus.

Which of the following is major difference between prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells?

Eukaryotic cells have more intracellular organelles than prokaryotes.

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Mitochondrion

Not all cells are alike. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about difference between cells?

Most cells have a membrane, but some do not.

Looking at a cell under a microscope, you note that it is a prokaryote. How do you know?

The cell lacks a nucleus.

A cell has the following molecules and structures: DNA, ribosomes, cell membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from

a plant or an animal

All of the following are part of a prokaryotic cell expect

an endoplasmic reticulum

Which cells are the smallest?

bacteria

Which of the following organisms are prokaryotes?

bacteria

Which of the following structures serves as the cell's boundary?

cell membrane

Which of the following organelles is not found in an animal cell?

cell wall

Which of the following relationship between cell structures and their respective functions is correct?

cell wall: support, protection

Which of the following microscope parts does not magnify the image of the specimen?

course adjustment

Which part of the microscope is used to locate and focus the specimen in a slide?

course adjustment

Which of the following is NOT found in the nucleus

cytoplasm

Which organelle is a watery medium for chemical reactions?

cytoplasm

Which of the following enclose their DNA in a nucleus?

eukaryotes

If you are under the hight power objective lens (40X) what part of microscope do you use to sharpen your image?

fine adjustment

Which of the following is a function of the cytoskeleton?

helps a cell keep its shape

Which organelle breaks down worn out cell parts and molecules of food?

lysosome

Suppose a young boy is always tired and fatigued, suffering from a metabolic disease. Which of the following organelles is most likely involved in this disease?

mitochondria

Which organelles help provide cells with energy

mitochondria and chloroplasts

Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use?

mitochondrion

Suppose a cell has the following molecules and structures; enzymes, DNA, ribosomes, plasma membrane, and mitochondria. It could be a cell from

nearly any eukaryotic organism

The smallest cell structure that would most likely be visible with our microscope is a

nucleolus

Which structure-function pair is mismatched?

nucleus; transportation of proteins

Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?

proteins

Which of the following is a function of the cell membrane?

regulates which materials enter and leave the cell

Which of the following is present in a prokaryotic cell?

ribosome

Which of the following structures is found in the cytoplasm?

ribosome

Which structure transports proteins around the cell?

rough ER

The main function of the cell wall is to

support and protect the cell

Cell size is limited by

surface to volum ratios

In a bacterium, we will find DNA in

the cytoplasm

Which of the following is a compartment that often takes up much of the volume of a plant cell?

vacuole

Which organelle functions to store water?

vacuole


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