Biology Test 2

The first phase of mitosis is called

prophase

Which of the following is a phase of mitosis?

prophase

Cyclins are a family of closely related proteins that

regulate the cell cycle

When cytoplasm from a cell that is undergoing mitosis is injected into a cell that is in interphase, the second cell

enters mitosis

All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT (so what are the problems a cell experiences during growth?)

excess oxygen

If a normal cell divides, you can assume that

grown too large to meet its needs

Which of the following regulates the cell cycle?

growth factors, cyclins, p53

Cancer is a disorder in which some cells have lost the ability to control their

growth rate

As a cell grows, it

has more trouble moving enough materials across its cell membrane, places more demands on its DNA, and uses up food and oxygen more quickly ( all of the above)

The cell cycle is the

series of events that cells go through as they grow and divide

What is the role of the spindle during mitosis?

It helps separate the chromosomes

During which phase of mitosis do the chromosomes line up along the middle of the dividing cell?

Metaphase

When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?

Only during cell division

What is a tumor?

a mass of cancer cells

The two main stages of cell division are called?

mitosis and cytokinesis

Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble

moving materials in and out

Cancer affects

multicellular organisms

The rate at which wastes are produced by a cell partially depends on the cell's

Volume

True or False- As a cells size increases, it places more demands on its ¨DNA¨.

True

True or False- Normal cells ¨stop growing¨ when they come into contact with other cells.

True

True or False- Proteins called cyclins help regulate the cell cycle.

True

True or False- ¨Cancer¨ is a disorder in which some of the body´s cells lose the ability to control growth and division.

True

Cancer cells from masses of cells is called what?

Tumors

If the surface area of a cell increases 100 times, its volume increases about

1000

The structure labeled A in the figure is called the?

A centromere

True or False- As a cells size increases, its ratio of surface area to volume ¨increases¨.

False, Decreases

True or False- Most of a cells growth takes place during the ¨G2¨ phase of the cell cycle.

False, G1

True or False- The structure shown in the figure is a ¨replicated chromosome.¨

False, Human chromosome

True or False- The ¨smaller¨ a cell, the more difficult is it for the cell to move enough materials across its cell membrane.

False, Larger

Which pair is correct? a. G1 phase, DNA replication b. G2 phase, preparation for mitosis c. S phase, cell division d. M phase, cell growth

B- G2 phase, preparation for mitosis

The process by which cell divides into two daughter cells is called?

Cell division

Which of the following is NOT a way that cell division solves the problem of cell growth?

Cell division increases the mass of the original cell.

Cells grown in a petri dish tend to divide until they form a thin layer covering the bottom of the dish. If cells are removed from the middle of the dish, the cells bordering the open space will begin dividing until they have filled the empty space. What does this experiment show?

Cell inhibition

One difference between cell division in plant cells and in animal cells is that plant cells have

Cell plate

If a cell's DNA were not copied before cell division, the cell could

Could not divide

In eukaryotic cells, the timing of the cell cycle is regulated by?

Cyclins

Cell division is represented in figure 10-1 by the letter

D

What happens when a cell divides?

Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA

True or False- Cell division solves the problem of cell growth by ¨increasing¨ cell volume.

False decreasing

True or False- A cell's chromosomes are replicated during "interphase".

False during the S phases

True or False- If it takes a cell one hour to undergo mitosis, about ¨50 minutes¨ of time would be spent in prophase.

False, 30 minutes

True or False- Lack of control over ¨mitosis¨ is the cause of all cancers

Flase, Cell cycle

True or False- Typically, the longest phase of mitosis is ¨metaphase.¨

Flase, Prophase

During normal mitotic cell division, a parent cell that has four chromosomes will produce two daughter cells, each containing

Four chromosomes

Interphase consists of what phases?

G1, S, G2

What are the phases of the cell cycle?

G1, S, G2, M

Which events occur during interphase?

G1: size of cell increases, S: duplicates chromosomes and synthesis of DNA, G2: organelles are produced

What will stop normal cells from growing?

Growth inhibition or contact with other cells

During which phases of mitosis are structures like the one shown in Figure 10-2 visible?

Prophase & Metaphase

What are the phases of mitosis in their proper sequence?

Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase

When during the cell cycle is DNA replicated?

S phase

The structures labeled B in the figure is called?

Sister chromatids

Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about the events of the cell cycle.

The cell grows during the G2 phase

What happens when cells come in contact with other cells?

They stop growing

True or False- A cell splits into two daughter cells during telophase.

True

True or False- An imaginary cubic cell with a side length of 10 mm would have a ratio of surface area to volume of ¨6 : 10.¨

True

Which of the following explains why normal cells grown in a petri dish tend to stop growing once they have covered the bottom of the dish.

contact with other cells stop cell growth

What is an internal regulator of the cell cycle?

cyclin

As a cell becomes larger, its volume?

increases faster than its surface area

A cell with a defective p53 gene is likely to

stop responding to growth regulators